Chapter 441: Dual-track governance, ten years are still the same
[The chapters before and after are a rough explanation of the foundation of Yinghua's national politics, maybe it's boring, and I invite you Haihan, in addition, the monthly pass has been so bleak recently, and when you become an emperor, is it so lonely? ] 】
The eunuchs were banned, the inner court was as usual, and the rotten Confucians looked back and suddenly felt that the ceiling was empty and empty, and there was nothing to rely on.
Since Dong Zhongshu respected Confucianism, Confucian literati helped the emperor to erect the legal system of "heavenly authority of the monarchy" on the one hand, and on the other hand, they also used this legal system to control the authority by reviewing the emperor's family affairs, after all, the monarchy and the country are one, and the Son of Heaven is selfless. The Son of Heaven rules the world with morality, and private morality affects the rule of the world, and the courtiers will inevitably meddle in the emperor's family affairs.
The dispute between Yingzong and Pu in the Song Dynasty and the great etiquette dispute in Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty was that the emperor was fighting with the Confucian literati for his father. When Wanli wanted to change the crown prince, he didn't fight for the courtiers. The emperor's father, wife, son, and other name issues are often the root of national politics.
The various factions used the emperor's family affairs as the stage to start a power struggle, but it was often the courtiers who prevailed. Under the structure of the Chinese clan, the imperial power was always difficult to defeat the united Confucian literati, because they controlled the moral discourse
power, so the emperor had to rely on eunuchs, relatives, and anti-water courtiers to support him. It was not until the emergence of the imperial power backed by foreign races that the Confucian literati broke their backbones and threw themselves into the ground as slaves to the foreign emperors, the private affairs of the Manchu emperors, Confucianism
The literati did not dare to speak out again.
Li Shi's appeal looks the same as that of the Manchu emperor, but the means are very different. In the case of the eunuch, the matter is not just as simple as the palace, without the eunuch, the inner court will descend
Ge, Li Xian's "don't want a gentleman's father" has also been implemented. Not only did the rotten Confucians feel that they had lost the vine that held on to their authority, but even new Confucians like Qu Minghong felt that as soon as the emperor Li Xian was shortened, he had no balance against Li Xianzhi
The source of the right to be named.
After thinking about it carefully, Qu Minghong hissed and snorted, Li Xian "became a king", at first glance it seemed that he was chasing the saint of three generations, but it contained a uniqueness that was difficult for Qin Shi Huang to reach. Not only the old Confucians, but also the new Confucians, have always taken it as their responsibility to check and balance the imperial power, how can such a prospect not make him frightened.
Before his panic spread, Li Xi lit a second fire, and Li Xi said: "Return to the government in ...... Xiang"
There was a bang in the hall, what is the phase? Xiang is to divide the monarch's power to rule the world. The rule of kings and the common rule is the government of sages that Confucian literati have dreamed of throughout the ages. With relative power, you can check and balance the imperial power.
The secretaries of the secretary and supervisor of the central court handed out a booklet of "The Political System of the National Dynasty" to everyone, and at a cursory glance, the ecstasy in the hearts of the ministers subsided. His Majesty the Emperor really wouldn't throw out the pie for nothing. The so-called "prime minister" is not the prime minister who decided all state affairs for the emperor in ancient times, but just the ruling of each in charge of one thing.
After Li Shi became emperor, the structure of the Heavenly King's Mansion was also elevated, and the three halls and six departments became three provinces and six departments. Originally, the ministers were full of books looking for institutions like the "cabinet", whether it was a scholar or a ruling party, they didn't take care of anything, but they had to take care of everything, that was the phase, but what they saw was a different national political structure.
The Privy Council is in charge of the military, and this is the Song Dynasty system, so let's not talk about it for the time being. The three provinces turned out to be the real three provinces, not the previous virtual three provinces, but the real six provinces, which is very unusual. It is said to be retro, but Zhongshu Province is in charge of the General Administration of Industry and Commerce, the General Administration of Culture and Education, the General Administration of Health and so on.
The distinction between Zhongshu Province and Shangshu Province is divided into Li Xian's plans. Originally, the structure of the Heavenly King's Mansion was a dual-track system, but now it is just an amplification. Shangshu Province undertook the responsibility of stabilizing society, and paid special attention to the control and care of the backward productive forces of the country. The province is oriented to emerging undertakings such as industry and commerce, culture and education, medical and health care, that is, the part of advanced productive forces, and the focus of its work is on support and supervision.
Not only is it a dual-track system in the central government, but also a dual-track system in the places under Anglo-Chinese rule. Guangdong Province is a province that implements the system of sending the government to the countryside, while the provinces other than Guangdong only carry out the reform of the old system of the Ming and Qing dynasties, focusing on stabilizing the society, and do not vigorously promote the government to the countryside and the new system of industry and commerce.
This dual-track system is also an expedient measure, in the central government, the new policy is not yet systematic, and the shadow of the old political power is too heavy, so it can only be temporarily separated. At the local level, there is a shortage of talents to implement the new policy, and it is difficult to put control in place, and the old and the new can only be used in parallel. Of course, whether it is the central or local government, it is also necessary to separate the old from the new, so that the new policy can minimize the entanglement, so that Guangdong can use the new policy to absorb surrounding resources and gather enough power for China's transformation.
After all, the dual-track system is a transitional system, and many problems will inevitably arise during this period, and Li Shi's focus is on this. However, the courtiers did not realize such a depth, and took care to see the changes in their respective duties. Each found the answer, the ministers were dizzy for a while, and Qu Minghong, who was originally complacent because he was promoted to the head of the household, was also like a deflated fish bubble, and the whole person suddenly withered.
Although the six departments are still there, their responsibilities have changed beyond recognition. The Criminal Department is only in charge of public security and arrest of thieves, and the Ministry of War is only in charge of the internal guards who have been renamed the "Guards", as well as armament and miscellaneous affairs
Responsible for the files and welfare of officials, reduced to a clear water yamen. And Qu Minghong's household department is only in charge of the money and grain affairs of the acres of land, disaster relief and pensions, and other health and welfare matters, as well as industrial and commercial affairs, and he can't insert a finger. On the contrary, the Ministry of Industry has become
The most powerful of the six ministries, in addition to the original construction and river work, the construction of which was limited to the royal family and the imperial court in the past, expanded to the management of all large civil works in the prefectures and counties. The ghost is mighty
The sound of books in the main hall is endless, and everyone is looking for the powers that have been cut off from the six ministries, and which departments are in charge, especially the election of officials, finance, and legal affairs, which are the foundation of national politics.
found it, and the election officials were placed under the General Administration of Culture and Education, because the imperial examination was also assigned to this General Administration. Finance is under the Accounting Division, which is in charge of the law and the Department of Law, and the Department of General Administration, which is responsible for communicating with the superintendents of the three provinces, and the three divisions are directly connected with the secretary and supervisor of the Central Court, that is to say, these three divisions are directly under the direct management of Li Xian.
In the eyes of the courtiers, the employment, industrial and commercial finance and taxation and even the national law belong to Li Shi himself, and Li Shi is in charge of state affairs through the secretary and supervisor, isn't it that the secretary of the Central Court has become a real and nameless cabinet? The secretary and supervisor are still Li Shi's own choices, and what are you talking about to return to the prime minister?
"The secretary has no responsibility for the red and yellow, and I am in charge of the three divisions, which is just an expedient measure for my Yinghua beginning......"
The red and yellow mentioned by Li Shi is the yellow paste and the approval of red, the yellow paste is the handling opinions of the cabinet ministers who draw up the handling of the affairs, that is, the vote, and the approval of the red is the final result of the emperor's instructions.
Everyone is still not satisfied with this answer, the former Ming Dynasty was based on the ancestral system, and the eunuchs did not have the right to approve the red, but the emperor in the back said that there was one, so the eunuchs replaced the emperor to give instructions, which became a major drawback of the Ming government.
"In addition to the three divisions, each deployment affairs are directly posted by each deployment, and the provinces are black. I only confirm whether the batch of black can be returned. And...... Ten years later, I will no longer approve the matter of Shangshu Province, and only reserve the right to audit and trace it at any time. The affairs of Zhongshu and Menxia provinces should also be returned to the government in my lifetime. ”
Then as soon as Li Xi said this, Qu Minghong and the others understood that this was indeed just a transitional stage of disposal, and Li Xi finally wanted to let the national government run by itself, and the emperor was just the leader.
Everyone was still savoring, and a loud voice sounded: "What Your Majesty said, may you make a covenant!?" ”
Li Shi saw that it was Ba Xuqi, the new prefect of Yingtianfu, who was a county magistrate in the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and now he is in charge of the old Guangzhou Mansion and is now a local magistrate in Yingtianfu.
It is a good thing to have this spirit, Li Xian said with a smile: "This book of "The Political System of the National Dynasty" is still the first draft, and it is intended to make your advice perfect. What I have said is also in this book. After the revision of this book is completed, it will be the system of the operation of the government affairs of the country, not empty words. ”
When this remark was finalized, the new Confucian Qu Minghong and the old Confucian Liang Zaichen also conveyed happy eyes, and looking at the tacit exchange between the old and new Confucians, Li Xi also smiled slightly.
Power must be decomposed, could it be that he really wants to learn from the Manchu Emperor, no matter how big or small, it is up to him to decide? Yinghua is prosperous in industry and commerce, and the future affairs are even more complicated, how can they all wait for him to deal with it?
However, this decomposition cannot be the previous kind of splitting that tosses back and forth in the millstone, but establishes the legal system and allows power to follow the law, so he must take charge of the law department and personally promote the building of the legal system. In addition, he must firmly grasp the financial power of a country, and in a period of great social change, a stable financial situation will make a country stable.
"It is said that it is to return the government to the prime minister, but in fact, it is to return the government to the law, otherwise why would Your Majesty be in charge of the law department? The people in this palace are all considered to be handsome for a while, but they haven't even seen through His Majesty's intentions. Shi Yizhi, who has been immersed in the affairs of the law, has a deep understanding of Li Shi's intentions, and now that he is the legal envoy, he feels that there is a magnificent world, waiting for him to sway to his heart's content.
"The courtiers check and balance the monarchy, it seems that they want to find it from the previous monarchy constitution and the political system behind, what kind of scene will the Anglo-Chinese political meeting be in the future, it is really exciting."
Shi Yizhi underestimated the people in this palace, and Tang Sunhao, who was transferred out of the Hanlin Academy and served as the deputy envoy of the provincial envoy, was full of emotion. He was responsible for reviewing the edict and had the right to refute it, but this right to seal and refute was more detailed than before, focusing on the process supervision of national decision-making, and Li Shi even asked him to be responsible for drafting a "National Dynasty Political Law". Although the reform of government institutions is based on the structure of the Tianwangfu, it is not a new start, but it must be comprehensively refined after all. This is a huge project, and the political hearing meeting on this day only explained the outline, and the responsible persons of the various arrangements have to further revise the rules and regulations. The weight of the work made the courtiers' hearts heavy, and they didn't pay much attention to the candidates for the chief officials of each department.
In terms of talent, Li Shi is still shy. The three provinces and six ministries, as well as the various departments and supervision offices, the big guys are all old men in the Tianwang Mansion, and everyone expects them, and there is no big controversy. And because the decentralization is so meticulous, everyone can't be busy with everything, and they can't mention any jealousy. The matter of the official lord will have to be resolved later.
Zhongshu Province is divided into left and right Cheng, Peng Xianzhong on the left, and Su Wencai on the right. Shangshu Province set up left and right servants to shoot, Li Zhushou was the left servant to shoot, and Liu Xingchun was the right servant to shoot. The province under the door has set up left and right attendants, the left attendant Tang and the right Zeng, and the right attendant is Duan Hongshi
Here comes an old guy...... Yang Chongdou. The turmoil in the prefecture and county stirred up by Yang Chongdou and Jin Qizhen in Guangdong five years ago was still a threshold for Li Shi to take advantage of the situation. Yang Chongdou finally lost his official position and was pulled into the previous Qingtian book by Duan Hongshi
The Academy, now Baicheng Academy, reads and paints, and lives for the rest of its life. Now that the situation is turbulent, Duan Hongshi persuaded him out.
The three divisions directly in charge of Li Xian, Gu Xiyi, the former president of the Yinghua Bank, was transferred to the envoy of the planning department, Shi Yi was directly appointed as the legal envoy, and the envoy of the general administration was Li Can, who was originally an unknown secretary of the Tianwangfu, but because he was from the old Li Zhuang, he was pulled out by Li Shi. Coupled with the secretary and supervisor, Hu Songping, who is also from the old Li Zhuang, and Yang Shi, the secretary of the inner court, Li Shi's decree is all confidants.
But no one dares to say that Li Xi is nepotistic, and the new dynasty is determined, so he can only use more relatives and friends, not only to rest assured, but also to understand.
Therefore, Li Shi, who was called the emperor, along with his relatives and friends in the past, finally soared into the sky.
The three old fathers-in-law are too conspicuous when they enter the court, Guan Fengsheng, An Jinzhi and Yan Jing have not won the office, but they will definitely be knighted in the future to show their honor, and other relatives and friends have no scruples. Tian Da was given the post of supervisor of the Ministry of Books, this department
It is equivalent to the "Ministry of Science and Technology" in Li Xian's previous life. Lin Dashu got the waiter of the Ministry of Works, in charge of the Reclamation Division; He Gui got the squire of the military department, in charge of the chariot and horse division; Luo Heng got the household squire and was in charge of the Department of Health and Welfare; Wu Yaluo served as deputy governor of the General Administration for Industry and Commerce
In charge of craftsmanship, his son Wu Zhong was not interested in being an official, so he immersed himself in the research of cement and glass kiln technology.
Liu Xingchun's elder brother Liu Xingzhao served as the governor of the General Administration of Culture and Education, and the original Cai Langzhong Cai was indeed the governor of the General Administration of Medical and Health. As for other acquaintances, depending on their ability and interests, they are distributed in the Guozijian, the Menxia Provincial Metropolitan Procuratorate, and the local government and other departments.
Looking at the background of the current central officials of the British Dynasty, Li Xian's line accounts for half, the scholars under the imperial examination account for a quarter, and the Manchu officials account for a quarter. can only after sorting out the national political process, so that the courtier pattern can gradually evolve naturally and peacefully.
After the disposition of the government affairs structure came to an end, everyone turned their attention to another matter, which was the Privy Council, the adjustment of the Anglo-Chinese military power.
Military power is the third fire burned by Li Xian, and when this fire is raised, the eyes of the ministers are dizzy. (To be continued) [This text is provided by the Ghost of Sailing]