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Pyrite, also known as iron sulfide (FeS2), is a disulfide of iron, usually pure pyrite contains 46.67% iron and 53.33% sulfur. biquge.info In Fang Ming's time and space, pyrite was generally used as a raw material for the production of sulfur and sulfuric acid, rather than as a raw material for refining iron, because refining iron has better quality iron ore and can reduce production costs, but now there are no large-scale iron ore veins in the area where Ming Zheng can effectively control zhì, so iron sulfide, known as fool's gold, has become a treasure bump with multiple stones.

Pyrite is isolated from the air to produce iron and sulfur (the equation is FeS2=Fe+2S), and calcined in the air to produce iron oxide and sulfur dioxide. Iron oxide slag can be reduced into iron through the gas produced during coking, but the sulfur dioxide generated cannot be used at this stage and will cause great pollution, so Zheng Kezhang finally chose to isolate the air and heat it to directly generate sponge iron and sulfur steam.

First of all, it is necessary to build a sulphur furnace, then layer the pyrite and coal that are ground into a fine powder, and then ignite the coal seam with wood, and then do not close the furnace chamber completely, and keep the eye of the wind to allow natural air intake. After the water in the furnace is evaporated, the furnace mouth is closed, and the furnace gas is introduced into the cooling chamber after the furnace temperature is kept at 500~1100°C. Among them, the sulfur vapor is condensed and left in the cooling room, and the rest of the various exhaust gases that cannot be used at this stage are introduced into the exhaust gas tower and emptied.

After the furnace fire is extinguished, the coarse sulfur condensed into stalactites can be obtained by opening the cooling chamber, and then the sulfur smelting furnace can be opened to clean up the waste to obtain the iron oxide material that is loose and empty after losing the sulfur element. The iron oxide material is then transported to the coking yard and undergoes the reduction reaction of coking gas to form elemental iron.

In addition to the step of sending the iron oxide material to the coking field later, the other whole process was called soil sulfur smelting in Fang Ming's era, which was a shutdown project with high energy consumption and large pollution that was not protected by law, and because the decomposition, oxidation, and reduction reactions in the entire sulfur refining process were carried out in the sulfur smelting furnace, it was necessary to have skilled craftsmen to strictly control the amount of air in the furnace, which was not provided by the Ming Zheng Salt and Iron Division, which had just crossed the river by feeling the stones, so the conversion rate of the first furnace was actually very low, but Rao was so. Seeing that the pyrite, which was originally a scrap material, actually produced crude sulfur that required a large amount of silver taels to be imported from Japan and other places, all the officials and craftsmen involved in the trial, including Hong Lei and Zheng Yingping, believed that Zheng Kezhang had a finger of gold.

"The results of the test burn are out." Asked about the smell of rotten eggs in the air, Zheng Kezang's eyebrows jumped, but now absolutely no one shouted at him about environmental protection. "Lone is also very pleased, no matter how much crude sulfur he gets, at least it shows that this method is feasible, and the hard work of Qing and others is not in vain."

"The ministers don't dare to take credit." Nonsense, everything is done according to Zheng Kezang's instructions, but the salt and iron division does not dare to take advantage of this greedy merit. "It's all the wisdom of the Lord like the sea, and the ministers admire it to the fullest."

"That's it, you don't need to shoot the fart, but Lone took the idea, but it was you who did it, and it was you who will continue to do it for a long time in the future, and Lone will not turn a blind eye to it." A group of ministers had no choice but to receive the credit for this imposition, and at this time they listened to Zheng Kezang's orders. "Today's output is still too low, on the one hand, we must do our best to build a new furnace, and on the other hand, the process skills of hot feeding and heat unloading should also be mastered as soon as possible."

Speaking of which, there are two production methods of local sulfur smelting, one of which is called cold unloading, and the other is hot feeding and hot unloading as Zheng Kezhang said. The so-called cold casting and cold unloading naturally refers to the re-firing of the materials that are cleaned up and then put into a furnace after the firing of a furnace, while the hot feeding and hot unloading is the non-stop furnace in the production process, and the material is fed at the furnace mouth every day to leak some slag at the bottom of the furnace, and the two cooling chambers are rotated out of Liu. The former has a low smoke damage and low furnace efficiency, and the latter pollutes a large furnace with high efficiency. Zheng Kezhang now naturally does not have to think about pollution, so he can expand production with impunity.

Zheng Yingping responded, so Zheng Kezhang continued: "The sulfur is poisonous, and the smoke from burning is also poisonous, so in addition to ensuring that these techniques are not spread to the outside world, we must also ensure that the stoker craftsman and the surrounding people are not harmed by the residual poison. ”

Zheng Kezhang said strictly, Hong Lei and Zheng Yingping were naturally submissive, Zheng Kezhang said in high spirits: "Next is the second trial, okay, then go to the coke field"

"Mid-Autumn Festival" is also known as "Autumn Festival", "August Festival", "August Meeting"; There are also beliefs and related customs and activities to pray for reunion, so it is also called "Reunion Festival" and "Daughter's Day"; And because the main activities of the Mid-Autumn Festival are carried out around the "moon", it is also commonly known as the "Moon Festival", "Moon Night", "Moon Chasing Festival", "Playing the Moon Festival", "Righteous Month" and "Moon Worship Festival". However, before the Sui Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival was only a folk festival in a few places, and it was not until the early years of the Tang Dynasty that the Mid-Autumn Festival became a fixed festival. The New Tang Dynasty Book? Volume 15 Chronicles Fifth? Lile Five" has recorded this: "Among them, the Spring and Mid-Autumn Festival were laid in King Wenxuan and King Wucheng" and "In the nineteenth year of Kaiyuan, the temple of Taigong Shangfu was established to keep Zhang Liang. In the middle of the spring and the Mid-Autumn Festival, the system of cattle and music is like the text". Although the Mid-Autumn Festival became an officially recognized national festival in the Tang Dynasty, it really flourished in the Song Dynasty, and after the Yuan and Ming dynasties, it has become one of the main festivals in China on a par with New Year's Day.

Mid-Autumn Festival food is the first to recommend moon cakes. Moon cakes, also known as Hu cakes, originally originated from the Tang Dynasty army Zhujie food. During the reign of Tang Gaozu, the general Li Jing conquered the Turks and relied on the hidden message of moon cakes to win, and returned triumphantly on August 15, after that, eating moon cakes became an annual custom. At that time, there were Turpan people who were doing business to offer cakes to the emperor of the Tang Dynasty to congratulate him. The book "Menglianglu" by Wu Zimu in the Southern Song Dynasty has officially had the word "moon cake", but the description of the Mid-Autumn Festival moon appreciation and eating moon cakes was not available until the Ming Dynasty.

There are many theories as to how this custom came to be. One said, at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Shicheng, the leader of the anti-Yuan uprising in Taizhou, Jiangsu Province (or Liu Bowen, Zhu Yuanzhang's strategist) took advantage of the Mid-Autumn Festival when the people gave round cakes to each other, and carried a note in the cake that "killed the Tartars on the fifteenth night of August". Another theory is that in the early years of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, the general Xu Da captured Beijing, the capital of the Yuan Dynasty where the remnants of the Yuan Dynasty were entrenched, and the good news reached the capital Nanjing, and Zhu Yuanzhang, the Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, who was playing chess, was ecstatic, that is, he spread the message of the Mid-Autumn Festival to celebrate together, and rewarded the subjects with the moon cakes that transmitted the message during the anti-Yuan uprising, and the moon cakes became the "legal" food of the Mid-Autumn Festival since then, and they must be eaten.

"Today can be regarded as a family reunion." Dropping the fat crab legs, the slightly drunk Zheng Kezhang swept the one wife, five concubines, two sons and four daughters in front of him and sighed contentedly. "Lone is really happy, but it's a pity that my mother and father can't see it."

Chen Xianqiao advised: "Family reunion is a great joy, and I think that my father and mother will definitely smile in the spirit of heaven." ”

"That's right." Zheng Kezhang nodded, and suddenly he seemed to remember something. "Mother? The delicate reminder is that Lone forgot it, or after the Mid-Autumn Festival, Lone went to the table to ask the prison country to posthumously seal the title of the mother. "Xie Ziling was recommended by Dong Guotai to Zheng Kezang's side, Feng Lianniang and Geng Tang'er had never even seen Chen Zhaoniang's face, these three girls naturally did not react extraordinarily, but Tong Chunniang and Fang Yuniang who came out of Chen Zhaoniang's side echoed with joy, so Zheng Kezang's mind was even stronger." It's decided, what kind of title does it sound good to add?"

"The Lord is drunk." Chen Xianqiao motioned to the female officer on the side to call Su Yetang to rinse Zheng Kezang's mouth, and after Zheng Kezang washed his hands, she helped Zheng Kezang up. "It's time to worship the moon, and I'll talk about it tomorrow."

"Okay," Zheng Kezhang staggered to his feet, holding the treasure officials and treasure officials who were half a year old with one hand. "Let's go, go to the moon!"

In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the image of the moon god underwent important changes, from the early pure Taoist color of the moon palace with Chang'e as the main image to the secular image of the moonlight bodhisattva and the jade rabbit of Buddhism and Taoism. During this period, people enshrined moonlight paper painted with moonlight bodhisattvas, also called "moonlight horses".

Zheng Kezhang took the two boys to kneel on the ground and pound their heads three times, and the action ended quickly, but Chen Xianqiao, who took the six-year-old Jin Niang, and Tong Chunniang and Fang Yuniang, who took the seven-year-old Jia Niang and Rou Niang, did not end their actions so quickly.

Waiting until Geng Tang'er, who entered the palace at the latest, and the Shangxi official she brought had worshipped, Chen Xianqiao, who was pregnant with Liujia, personally operated the special large moon cake into fourteen pieces, and everyone was given a piece of moon cake of the same size in their hands, regardless of whether they could eat it or not, but at least everyone had to eat a bite to meet the festival.

Then dozens of lanterns were lit up by the waiter and hung on the high and low branches, which should have a bit of the smell of stars with the bright moon in the sky. Under the moonlight and lights, seven children, big and small, chased and frolicked each other with special small lanterns under the care of the female officials and chamberlains on the side, while Zheng Kezhang took the girls to sit in the incense pavilion while listening to the cheerful laughter of the children, while eating watermelon, but also leisurely.

"When the treasure mirror rises in the sky, the fairy in the clouds is silent. The equinox is full of rounds, and the clouds are bright for a long time. The cunning rabbit fell from the string, and the toad Hugh was born in front of him. The Lingcha intends to join hands with each other, and wait for the galaxy to be completely cleared. ”

"Not good." Zheng Kezhang shook his head at Chen Xianqiao. "Madame's poem is certainly well done, and it is even better for Lingcha to make an appointment to join hands, but when the galaxy is completely clear, I think it will be changed to a complete Ming!"

"Husband is really joking." Chen Xianqiao knew that Zheng Kezhang was not good at poetry, so he shook his head and corrected. "This is not a poem of concubines, it is one of the poems of the whole Tang Dynasty."

"It's a big joke, ridiculous, ridiculous." said that he was ridiculous, but Zheng Kezhang first laughed heartlessly, his laughter infected the girls, and even Geng Tang'er, who had held back his smile before, let out a silver bell-like laugh.

"Let the Lord make a hymn too."

"It's a duck on the shelf." Zheng Kezhang scratched his head like a child, he had seven tricks and six tricks, but at the moment, the wine was surging and his brain was hot. "Just chant a few words alone, if you don't become a poem, you can barely listen to it." At this time, Chen Xianqiao's interest also came, and he listened to Zheng Kezang's thoughts. "The flowers fall at this time, and the moon is full at this time. In the heavens on earth, singing and dancing are whirling. The phoenix bird returns to the nest, and there is no wolf smoke. Lonely Mei Chanjuan. The waves are lingering, and the bottom of the sea reflects the sky. Don't teach the clouds to cover the moon, thinking that it will be peaceful for thousands of years. I have a neon wind blowing, and the water ripples and sings to smooth it. The hidden dragon in the clouds, the cold palace in the moon. The clouds are dyed with color, and the moon is sprinkled with light. Colorful clouds chase the moon, and clouds cover the autumn sky. The moon is cool, and the clouds carry a fresh breeze. Only then did he rejoice and cause sorrow. Who can solve this worry? Who is a bosom friend? And drink this cup, and talk about it. Good days are fleeting, how can they be like dreams (the above is taken from Liu Zhou's "Colorful Clouds Chasing the Moon)"

How can a good day be a dream? Feng Lianniang was stupid.

Who can solve this worry? Who is a bosom friend? Chen was stunned.

There is no wolf smoke, and I want to be peaceful for thousands of years. Geng Tang'er was shocked.

Not to mention Tong Chunniang and Fang Yuniang, who didn't understand well but looked surprised.

Only Zheng Kezang himself fell asleep soundly

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