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Yao Qisheng knew that Geng Jingzhong would not listen to his advice, so he bowed and went out.

Geng Jingzhong sat alone in a chair, his head running at high speed, thinking about how to solve this thorny problem, and he didn't know how many brain cells had died for a while.

In the past, I had not had much contact with these religious organizations, and I did not know their true power. But now, I have carefully collected some information, and at a glance, I am indeed frightened. If nothing else, it's the closest Wa country, the battle of Amakusa a few decades ago, which should be called the Amakusa Rebellion, wasn't it started by those Spanish and Portuguese missionaries?

In Europe, the Holy See has always controlled the highest right to speak, and even the kings of various countries have to be crowned by the pope. And what kind of crusade a long time ago, etc., it seems that this Catholicism is much more powerful than Taoism and Buddhism in China. Taoism pays attention to a quiet and inaction, while Buddhism emphasizes the purification of sentient beings, and has never had any influence with the imperial power struggle, and is rarely used by others. However, the former Ming Sect and the later remnants of the Ming Sect, the White Lotus Sect, were special.

However, this White Lotus Sect or the current Sanlang Xianghui has already embarked on an evil path, and it is not a formal sect, it can only be said that it is similar to the Taiping Dao founded by Zhang Jiao, the general of Tiangong in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. But it is precisely this kind of cult that is the most terrifying, and they do nothing else, but devote themselves to studying how to demagogue. Although this Catholic Church is also a regular sect, its ability to deceive people is not small.

In later generations, the Chinese people were basically in a state of non-faith. All that was accepted was materialism. Those religious organizations just want to grow. It's also very difficult. But now it is different, the common people believe in the gods and ghosts, what Wenqu Star reincarnates, Wuqu Star reincarnation or something, Dragon God, Guanyin, all kinds of immortals and Buddhas, there will be special worship in various places every year. The Catholic Church has indeed found a good soil for its development here.

It is no longer possible to stop them from proselytizing, that is, to control them from the side. Most importantly, the children in the School of the Future should never be Catholic. This must be guarded closely. These schoolchildren will be part of his ponytail group in the future, and they must remain loyal to him. In fact, it is easy to do this, and constantly preaching and instilling Geng Jingzhong's good in the school will basically achieve the goal. Geng Jingzhong rejects Baguwen, but he does not reject the Confucian education of benevolence in China. Although some of it is dross, more of it is the essence.

Every day in the school, they preach one side, their qiē is given by the Jingnan Palace, it is given by Geng Jingzhong, and the schoolchildren are not unreasonable, it is still possible to maintain loyalty to Geng Jingzhong. The other thing is to control the behavior of those missionaries. They were still not allowed to preach in any form in the school. Even if you are in contact with the schoolchildren in private, you can't transmit theology. It's a two-pronged approach. in order to have an effect.

As for the outside, churches have been built in all provinces and counties in Fujian, and the total number of churches in Fujian has exceeded 100. It's really not going to work, but it's certainly not going to be able to tear it down. Here in Fujian, the vast majority of people still believe in Buddhism, so encourage the people to believe in Buddhism, anyway, Buddhism is easier to control. He can control the number of monks, he can order that the monk's degree plate must be issued by the royal palace to take effect, and the scale of the development of the entire Buddhism will be controlled by him.

There are many ways to compete for believers. Doesn't a missionary see a doctor? There are many monks who can see a doctor. Missionaries can distribute medicine for free, and temples can also do it, but if the money is not enough, the palace can support it. As long as these years have passed, then the Catholic Church will not let him pinch and flatten. It is just a matter of expelling all the missionaries from China and demolishing all the churches.

Geng Jingzhong thought of this, and his originally depressed mood suddenly brightened. "What a genius I'm in!" Geng Jingzhong smashed his fist in the palm of his hand and said to himself excitedly

Thinking of a solution, Geng Jingzhong immediately ordered. The Future School has always been managed by Ah Hu, and this matter still has to be left to him. As for the outside affairs, the best candidate is Yao Qisheng, anyway, now that the war on Luzon Island is over for the time being, Yao Qisheng also has time to deal with it, not to mention that this matter is also very important.

After this matter was over, Geng Jingzhong began to find other things to do for himself. The battle of the three feudatories in history is about to begin, and now he can't control the trend of history at all, maybe he will get the news tomorrow, Kangxi will start cutting the feudal domain, or Wu Sangui will start to raise troops. Therefore, he had to prepare non-stop. Since there is going to be a war, weapons are indispensable. What is the most important weapon? Needless to say, just count the artillery. Artillery was hailed as the god of war in later generations! Then in this day and age, it is a god among gods!

Geng Jingzhong has been paying attention to the development of artillery since he came to this world, and has invited back a large number of Chinese and foreign cannon casting masters, and has successively manufactured several weights of Hongyi cannons and Fran machine guns, and has made some improvements to the cannons.

It's a pity that he is not an artillery expert, just an ordinary person, and he doesn't know too much about the principles of artillery, so he can only propose some suggestions for the artillery workshop based on some of his later insights. It can be said that Geng Jingzhong has also been working hard! For improving artillery, he never gave up!

In order to solve the Catholic matter, he traveled again and came to the starting point town, where there are the most foreigners, the most churches, and the dense population here, the situation is the most severe, so it is better to go here to check it out for yourself. But on the way, he went into the steelmaking workshop again. Geng Jingzhong wanted to help the steelmakers try more methods, hoping to improve the purity of the molten steel. Reduced carbon content. Thus increasing the strength of the steel. It doesn't need to be of the same high standards as later generations. But it was enough to meet the steel standards of the early nineteenth century.

In the Ming Dynasty, the iron-making shaft furnace and its smelting technology were further developed, especially their Fujian metallurgical was the most pure. For this reason, Geng Jingzhong has long begun to collect famous blacksmiths from all over the world, and has also invited many from other places. Like the Ming Dynasty, the Qing court was extremely strict in controlling artisan households, and in the previous decades of war, many craftsmen changed careers or died. There are fewer and fewer excellent craftsmen, and now these are still difficult to find. So far, in the steelmaking workshop, foreign craftsmen are about to catch up with more mainland craftsmen.

I remember that at the beginning, the blacksmiths did not understand Geng Jingzhong's steelmaking method, and it was not until they got used to it for a month that they realized that the assembly line production technology was used here. Don't think that modern people are necessarily smarter than the ancients, but in fact they are smarter than later generations. Take, for example, iron-making technology. Many of today's subtle skills are beyond the reach of later generations. And this Westerner is also impatient, although the current Western cast iron technology is not much ahead of China, but it is no worse than the domestic one. Later, it was the British who first invented ductile iron technology. It has promoted the steel revolution of the whole world, which has amazed the Chinese. Because until today the West produces special steel for aircraft carriers. China has not yet been able to do so, and the timetable for building its own aircraft carriers has been dragged on and on.

But if you're a Westerner, you're not that powerful. When later archaeologists excavated cast iron tools from the ancient tombs of the Han Dance era, they were shocked that the use of those tools was comparable to the modern ductile iron process. How can this be explained?

"The iron furnace is one foot and two feet deep, two feet and five inches in front, two feet and seven inches in the back, and one foot six inches on the left and right. The front is a few zhang for the place of iron, all stone masonry, with a simple thousand stone as the door, the bull head stone as the heart, and the black sand as the foundation. Stones are the support. Apply it from time to time, use charcoal fire, put two sheath fans, and get iron four times a day. The wonder is that the stone is produced at the water gate, and the color is red and white, slightly like a peach blossom. The big ones are like solutions, and the small ones are like fists. Mash it and crush it. If it is cast into the flame, it will turn into water. If the heart of the stone is dry, the sand cannot be lowered, so the sand will be sold into iron. "The peach-colored stone mentioned here is fluorite, which can be used as a flux to reduce the melting point and make the furnace condition smooth, which is also an important progress in ironmaking technology in this era.

In this era, most of the blowers used in ironmaking are double-action piston wooden bellows, and Geng Jingzhong's side is the same, this thing is already very advanced, and Geng Jingzhong can't think of a better way to improve it. Due to the clever setting of the box structure and the valve, this double-action piston wooden bellows can supply air to both forward and counter strokes, which can provide continuous air flow for the furnace. The large wooden bellows pulled by four people, with a wind pressure of up to 300 mm Hg, was an advanced blower equipment in the world at that time. Of course, Geng Jingzhong added a heating device to the air outlet of this bellows, so that the wind coming out here was hot, which further increased the furnace temperature and made the steelmaking and ironmaking effect better.

Compared with the original simple hearth, the iron-making blast furnace improved by craftsmen and masters from several countries is more advanced. Its combustion chamber is separated from the molten pool to reduce the mixing of ash and impurities, and coal can be used as fuel. It is recorded on the Tiangong Kaiwu: "If wrought iron is made, when the pig iron flows out, it is connected to a few feet lower by a few inches, and a pond is built, and a short wall is against it." Its iron flows into the pond. Several people lined up on the wall with willow sticks. Dry in the sludge first. Sieve the fine Luo Luo like noodles. One person hurriedly scattered, and everyone stirred the willow sticks quickly, and immediately fried the mature iron. Every time the willow stick is fried, it is burned two or three inches. Reuse. and even more. When it is slightly cold, there are those who cut it into squares in the pond, or those who propose to wave the spine to round the goods. "This practice of using ironmaking furnace and iron-frying furnace in series to improve production efficiency and reduce energy consumption is very advanced in terms of process thinking.

In addition to ironmaking, steelmaking is the most important. "Where the iron furnace is made of salt and mud to beg out of the oven and not fried for pig iron, it is both fried and cooked, and the raw and cooked phase refining Zhou Yuxi wool iron, raw rotten iron. When the stream is ripe, he also makes Fang Zhijun "sprinkle dry plaster and hold a willow stick to stir quickly, then it is cooked." This process of smelting wrought iron is still used in Sichuan, Yunnan and other places in modern times. Filling steel is the most important in all kinds of traditional steel-making techniques, wrought steel has no source, it is made of pig iron and wrought iron, or wrought iron sheets are sandwiched in a wide iron pot, and mud is coated into the fire. or cast with pig iron and wrought iron. Wait for it to be very familiar. If the pig iron wants to flow, the pig iron is placed on the wrought iron and rubbed into it. Changing the wrought iron of the bending plate to iron sheet can increase the contact area of raw and wrought iron, which is conducive to slag forming and carbon diffusion and homogenization. The infiltration of the pig iron droplets on the raw iron helps to make slag and purify the iron. It is similar to the principle of modern Bailin steelmaking. After several improvements, ironmaking and steelmaking are indeed much stronger.

For the steel used in the casting of artillery. The requirements are high in all respects. Thick-walled large-caliber artillery barrels are made of steel when firing. The barrel of the gun is subjected to complex stresses. Due to the firing parameters, such as the initial velocity of the shell, it can reach 500 to 3 kilometers per second. The action and impact of high temperature, high pressure and high-speed gunpowder gas on the pipe wall, and the extrusion of the shell on the pipe wall, formed a high tangential stress; Moreover, the surface of the body tube is subjected to alternating rapid heating and rapid cooling, which causes complex and repeated phase transitions in the structure of the steel, forming a large microstructure stress and thermal gradient.

The harsh conditions put forward high requirements for the steel used for the barrel of the gun, so if Geng Jingzhong wants to continue to improve the artillery, the steel must meet the standard. At the very least, the barrel must not be permanently deformed when firing; does not undergo brittle fracture when firing; Low crack growth rate. High cycle fatigue and thus a long service life. In order to make the steel for the body tube not soften the chamber under firing conditions, it should also have high high-temperature strength.

In order to ensure the good comprehensive performance of the steel used in the barrel of large-caliber artillery guns, alloys were generally used, and in terms of alloy design, nickel-chromium-molybdenum-vanadium series were generally used in countries around the world. In order to ensure the hardenability of the steel and improve the low-temperature toughness of the steel, higher nickel is added.

For this thing, Geng Jingzhong, as a student of chemistry, still knows it relatively clearly. Nickel itself is a metallic element that is almost silvery-white, hard, malleable, and ferromagnetic. It is highly polished and resistant to corrosion. Nickel is an iron-loving element and has the highest nickel content in the earth's core. It is a natural nickel-iron alloy. In the earth's crust, iron-magnesian rocks contain more nickel than silice-aluminous rocks, for example, peridotite contains 1,000 times more nickel than granite, and gabbro contains 80 times more nickel than granite. These were the numbers on the books, and he remembered.

Nickel is insoluble in water, and forms a dense oxide film on the surface of moist air at room temperature, which can prevent the metal from continuing to oxidize. It can be slowly dissolved in dilute acid, releasing hydrogen gas and producing green positive divalent nickel ions, which are resistant to strong alkalis. Nickel can be burned in pure oxygen, emitting a dazzling white light. Similarly, nickel can also be burned in chlorine and fluorine. None of the anti-oxidant solutions, including nitric acid, react. Nickel is a medium-strength reducing agent. Nickel hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, organic acids, and alkaline solutions etch nickel very slowly. Nickel dissolves slowly in dilute nitric acid. Smoke nitric acid can passivate the surface of nickel and make it corrosion-resistant. Nickel, like platinum and palladium, can absorb a large amount of hydrogen during passivation, and the smaller the particle size, the greater the absorption.

In later generations, this thing was used for a wide range of purposes. Because nickel has good corrosion resistance, it is often used in electroplating, and nickel-cadmium batteries contain nickel. It is mainly used in alloys such as nickel steel and nickel silver, as well as as catalysts such as Lane nickel, especially as a catalyst for hydrogenation, and can also be used to make currency, etc., and plating on other metals to prevent rusting. It is mainly used to manufacture stainless steel and other corrosion-resistant alloys, such as nickel steel, nickel-chromium steel and various non-ferrous metal alloys. It is also used as a hydrogenation catalyst and used in ceramic products, special chemical utensils, electronic circuits, glass greening and nickel compound preparation, etc. In addition, there is a kind of electrolytic nickel, which is nickel supported by electrolysis, and the stainless steel and various alloy steels made from it are widely used in aircraft, tanks, ships, radars, missiles, spaceships and civil industries in the manufacture of machines, ceramic pigments, permanent magnet materials, electronic remote control and other fields.

Geng Jingzhong remembered a very special one mentioned in the book, meteorites contain iron and nickel! In the early days, it was used as fine iron, as the metal did not rust, and it was considered silver by the indigenous people of Peru. A zinc-nickel alloy called cupronickel was used in China in the second century BC, and some even extended to Europe. In 1751, Eriksen, who was working in Stockholm (the capital of Sweden), was working on a new metal called red arsenic nickel ore. He thought it contained copper, but what he extracted was a new metal, which he declared and named nickel. In 1754, many chemists believed that it was an alloy of cobalt, arsenic, iron, and copper, and that these elements appeared as trace contaminants. It wasn't until 1775 that pure nickel was made by Scott, which confirmed it as an element.

Geng Jingzhong needed this thing now, so he sent someone to start looking for it. The world's laterite nickel ore is distributed in tropical countries within 30 degrees of the north and south of the equator line, concentrated in the tropical-subtropical areas of the Pacific Rim, mainly Cuba and Brazil in the Americas; Indonesia and the Philippines in Southeast Asia; Australia, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea in Oceania, etc. In terms of the distribution of nickel ore in China, it is mainly distributed in the northwest, southwest and northeast, and there are very few in Fujian. In terms of provinces, Gansu has the largest reserves, accounting for more than 60% of the country's total nickel ore reserves, followed by Xinjiang, Yunnan, Jilin, Hubei and Sichuan. Among them, the copper-nickel symbiotic deposit in Jinchang, Gansu Province, has huge nickel resource reserves, second only to Canada's Sudbury nickel mine, ranking second in the world and first in Asia.

"Master Liu, try this again and see how different the cast cannon is from the previous ones!" (To be continued......)