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On this day, when Yang Su returned to the Chu State Mansion, his expression was heavy and his face was gloomy. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

After dinner, when his uncle Yang asked him to go to his father's study, he knew that his father must have something important to announce. He closed the book, put on his cloak, and followed his uncle through the huge courtyard to his father's study in the main courtyard. It was cold outside, which made him shiver. My father's study was very warm, and there was no tin stove in the house, which was now commonly installed, and there was no charcoal, and my father always hated the smell. There was a charcoal fire in the study, and the fine silver charcoal was burned without the slightest smoke.

Closing the door, Yang Xuangan found that there were a lot of people in his father's study today, not only his uncle Yang Yue, who had always walked around the house, was not left behind, but the other five uncles who rarely came, Yang Xun, Yang Shen, Yang Yue, Yang Er, and Yang Cao also came. His three siblings, Xuan Fang Xuan, also came before him, and several other half-brothers, Wan Xiang Minxing, also came, and sat honestly and quietly on the side. In addition to them, the three cousins of the uncle Yang Yue's family, Hongli, Hongwen, and Hongwu, also came and stood behind their father. In addition, there are Yang Shi and Yang Hong, who are the same grandfather as his father. There are also fifteen cousins of the literary generation of his great-great-grandfather, Yang Wensi, Yang Wenji, Yang (Wensheng, etc., Yang Wenji, the uncle who served as the waiter of the Ministry of Rites, also brought the three brothers of his family's filial piety generation, filial piety, filial piety, filial piety.

Looking at this scene, Yang Xuan was a little shocked at the moment. It looks like something really wrong, or else. It is also impossible that almost all the several tribes of the Yang family in Beijing came.

The three generations of the Yang family basically arrived, and everyone sat in the study in silence.

"Is something big wrong?" He asked.

His father handed him a piece of paper. There are many folds in this paper, and at first glance, there are many people who have turned over it. "Those who order civil and military officials over 60 years old will listen to Zhishi." He continued to read, "Order the generals below the three yas, the military attaches of all prefectures, towns, battalions, and regiments, and those over the age of 50 to be given to the generals." "To the officer, that is to retire and go home. Since the beginning of the dynasties, officials have been basically for life, but there is also a retirement age. The Book of Rites. Qu Li (I)" contains: "The doctor is seventy and causes trouble". Retired at the age of 70, the "legal" time began in the Zhou Dynasty. However, in general, if an official is not in good health, he or she can request an advance to the officer. At the age of seventy, officials can retire from the table and beg for bones, and sometimes the court will also retain, and those who are in good health and strong in ability will be officials until eighty or ninety.

"That's what the emperor meant. The edict will be promulgated tomorrow, and then the court officials will retire at the age of sixty. Those mid-level military attachés in the army can retire early at the age of 50. Yang Yue explained to his nephew.

Yang Xuangan was greatly surprised, and changed from seventy years old to sixty years old. All of a sudden, it was ten years earlier, and it was obvious that it was necessary to forcibly retire when you were old. The emperor opened the imperial examination on the one hand, and thousands of new scholars were newly qualified to enter the military every year. And this side forcibly stipulates the retirement age of officials, and the emperor's move has a deep meaning. And so it goes. A large number of officials will face the problem of early exit from officialdom, especially for those who are high-ranking officials. My father is 57 years old this year, and as the prime minister, he is already the youngest of the high-ranking officials. For example, the right servant shoots Su Wei, who is sixty-seven years old this year, ten years older than his father. The other prime ministers, Li Gang fifty-four, Xue Daoheng sixty-one, Fan Zigai fifty-six, and Niu Hong are also fifty-six, which are also the same age as their father. The privy deputy envoy Han Seng Shou is also fifty-nine, Su Xiaoci is also sixty-three, but the emperor's henchmen are too young, Liu Wenjing is only thirty-three, Wei Zheng is twenty-one, Xu Deyan is forty-six, and the rest such as Wang Bao, Gao Jia, Dou Jiande, Shan Xiongxin and others are only about thirty, young and strong.

"Is the emperor going to drive the old ministers out of the court?"

"If the old don't go, the new doesn't come. The emperor is now holding the imperial examination, and thousands of new scholars are recruited every year, so many newcomers, where can there be so many official positions, naturally the old man has to give way. ”

"My father is fifty-seven this year, and he is at least three years before he reaches the age, so don't worry, maybe it won't be long before this will change?" Yang Xuangan said to his father.

"I'm about to step down, too." Yang Su said with some interest, "The emperor also has an edict that each office in the world is for four years, and he will be re-elected for a maximum of two terms. ”

Yang Su succeeded Su Wei as the right servant of Shangshu in the twelfth year of the emperor's reign, and has held this position until the nineteenth year of the emperor's reign. After nineteen years of civil strife, Yang Su was promoted to the left servant, and later Jiapingzhang entered the political hall, to the second year of Kaiyuan, he has been the right servant for seven years, and the left servant for three years, although the left and right servant are two different positions, but because they are both prime ministers, so after the emperor's new edict was issued, he belongs to the person who has been the prime minister for three consecutive terms, and has already exceeded the two-term period. As soon as the edict was issued and implemented, he had to abdicate automatically, even if he was three years before he reached retirement age, but he could no longer be prime minister. The important positions in the two governments, three provinces and six ministries in the imperial court all belong to the prime minister, and he cannot be re-elected. Therefore, unless Yang Su can accept the demotion to serve as an idle scholar or something, he can only serve as a fictitious position like Taifu, to put it bluntly, whether he wants to retire or not, there will be no place for him in the court.

Also in a similar situation to him is Su Wei, Su Wei has been up and down several times during the Kaihuang period, has served as the chief official of the three provinces several times, and has also done a few servant shots, and he has to retire this time.

Obviously, the emperor now doesn't need them, the old men of the previous dynasty, to continue to stay in the new dynasty.

Yang Su felt very tired, shooting in front of the left servant, hanging on the political affairs of Pingzhang, but in this new dynasty, he was quite unsatisfactory. There are four Pingzhang political affairs in the political affairs hall, five governors, and five privy envoys in the Privy Council, he is not the prime minister for a long time, and there are thirteen people with the same power as him, and the military and political affairs of the imperial court have long been out of their charge, and even if it is Guan Wen, he has to share power with the other eight prime ministers, and he has to take turns to govern the pen. On weekdays, Liu Wenjing, Wei Zheng and others had no respect for him as a left servant because they were the emperor's cronies and ministers. Now. The emperor issued these two edicts, clearly unwilling to let him continue to stay in the court. The provincial one looked upset, this was because he took the position.

The emperor is really ruthless both internally and externally. Externally, the Turks and Goguryeo were defeated, and internally, the glory of the twelve generals of the Eight Pillars of the country, the glory of the Guanlong Group has long been gone, and the fall of one big family after another, "In the past two years, countless wealthy families have fallen. He said, "Is the emperor going to attack our Yang family?" ”

"Not yet." Yang Su said to his son, "But. It's not impossible, everything depends on whether we are willing to know each other or not. If we can obey the emperor's wishes, then the Yang family may be able to be protected like the Gao family. If we don't know each other, then we must be the same as He Ruobi, Shi Wansui, and Liu Shu. Yang Su said to the rest of the family, "I saw you coming here today to inform you that I have already thought about it, since the emperor doesn't want me to stay in the court anymore." Then I'll quit. After stepping down as prime minister, he did not intend to stay in the court any longer, so he retired three years early, although the emperor stipulated sixty tributes. But it doesn't mean that you can't retire early. My idea is that not only will I take the initiative to retreat, but the older generation of my family will also retreat. My uncles and my cousins simply retired. ”

"All down?" A sound of surprise rang out.

"Hmm. If you want to retreat, you will retreat completely, which can be regarded as a resolute statement. Fully support the emperor and take a good start. Yang Su nodded, "Actually, this is also the result of my careful consideration, we are all old, under the new system, even if we have to rely on it for a few years, we still have to retire in the end." Instead of delaying for a few years, it is better to leave early, hoping to use this support in exchange for a place for the third generation of young people of our Yang family in the court. I think so, we all retire, feel at ease to be a rich man, and fully support the brothers of their generation to stay in Shitubo for a good future. Wait for me to ask the emperor to resign tomorrow, and then I will ask the emperor by the way, let the Xuangan brothers go down, go to the provinces and states, and start from the locality. Although the Privy Council said that it was in charge of civil and military affairs with the political affairs hall, the emperor still controlled the army very strictly, and the war will be reduced in the future, after all, it will still be a martial arts cultivation, and everyone will have to warn their children and grandchildren in the future, let them study more, and they will also take the imperial examination to seek a positive career in the future. ”

"We just quit, just quit all of them? Then how can we still have the right to speak in the court in the future, the younger generation, put it in the locality, it is estimated that with the emperor's suspicion of our Guanzhong people, we can't even take a history of assassination, and we can come out in the year of the monkey. ”

"If you can't be a assassin, then you can start with the county order." Yang Su said, "You still expect that as in the past, you can be crowned a prince and marquis when you are a baby with the merits of your fathers, which is something you don't even think about." At the beginning, I entered the Duke of Yingguo from the Duke of Qinghe County, and the original Duke of Qinghe County was given the Xuan Award, and Xuan Gan also sealed Yitong, when our family reached the end of the emperor, there were eight dukes, and the younger generation of men, which one did not have a knighthood, but in the end, the new emperor ascended the throne, and soon re-established the title, and those were not all taken away. Now that the imperial examination is being carried out, it will be more and more difficult to enter the government in the future, and there will be fewer and fewer opportunities. If we want to maintain the glory of our Yang family, relying on the previous set will not work, we have to adapt to the new situation and new trends. The emperor wants to take the imperial examination, so we will let our children and grandchildren study more. The emperor wants us old people to give way, so we will give way and give young people a chance. ”

"The new emperor is a bird, mean and ruthless." Yang Cao said.

"Less nonsense." Yang Su glared at his brother. "What's the use of saying these words, this is the emperor's mental technique, the most ruthless emperor's family, haven't you heard of it. When you are the emperor, who still talks to you about friendship and faithfulness. Do you think that Emperor Wen didn't want to clean up the title and clear the control of the Guanlong wealthy family over the imperial court? It's not that I don't want to, but I can't. And if today's son has his own lineage, his own people, and he controls the court by his own strength, why do you say he still tolerates the control of the court by the wealthy families in Guanzhong? No one else would allow it. In the final analysis, it's still strength. The emperor has this strength, others will either prosper or perish, too many families have verified this sentence with their family fate, don't you still understand? "Yang Su is a person who has seen all this quite thoroughly, and the so-called weak lord is strong. When the lord is strong, of course the courtiers cannot be stronger. Surrender or you're out.

The family was silent. The fall of Li, Wei, Yu, Changsun, Dugu and other wealthy families one by one should not prove Yang Su's words, and they have nothing to refute.

The next day, at the court meeting, Yi Feng asked the proclamator to announce several edicts that had been deliberated and approved by the province of Menxia, namely the edict on the retirement of civil and military officials at sixty years, and the edict for each official position for four years, with a maximum of two years of re-election. It also specifically stipulates that the prime ministers and consuls of the two governments can only serve two consecutive terms. It is also specifically stipulated that the prime minister must have the experience of serving as a governor of the prefecture, the local post of the provincial political envoy, and the experience of serving as a squire or a scholar of the six ministries of the DPRK and the Central Committee before he can be promoted to the post of chief official of the three provinces and enter the political hall as the prime minister. The same is true for the ruling of the Privy Council, you must have the command and combat experience of the Guard, and you must also hold the main position in the three guards before you have the opportunity to be promoted to the Privy Council and become the consul. And became the ruler, and he could only serve two terms for eight years at most. If the term of office expires, it cannot be re-elected, and if the term of office reaches retirement age before the expiration of the term, it must also retire immediately. In a word. If you want to become a ruler, it is no longer easy, and there are many obstacles. This will make it possible to enter the two mansions in the future only by relying on the favor of the Son of Heaven, at the same time. In addition, the term of office and other restrictions have been strictly stipulated, and the possibility of power has been regulated as early as possible to avoid the emergence of power ministers.

After the edict was read out by the proclaimant. Yang Su and Su Wei resigned together, and at the same time, it was Han Seng Shou in the Privy Council who resigned, and the emperor approved them one by one, and did not play the modest game of three resignations.

After the court meeting, Yi Feng convened all the governors in the Yanying Hall to discuss the matter, although Yang Su, Su Wei and Han Seng Shou have approved their resignations, but there is still a handover work, and they still have a three-month handover period, so they are still Zaizhi after three months.

"I have a plan to abolish the prefectures and restore the counties, remove the current more than 300 prefectures, restore the county governance, and finally establish more than 190 counties in the whole country, and set up townships below the county level, and the local officials of the imperial court will be selected to manage the villages, forming a four-level system of provinces, counties, counties and townships. The level of the provinces is the same as that of the central departments of the imperial court, while the counties are a little lower than the original state level, which is the fifth grade, the county is the seventh grade, and the township is managed by the officials, and the flow is outside. "At the beginning of the Sui Dynasty, it was the third level of prefectures, counties and counties, there were more than 500 counties in the country, many counties only received one or two counties, and the management range of the counties was too small, making it appear redundant, and almost overlapping with the state, so Emperor Wen later reformed, abolished the counties, and saved some states, forming the administrative division of more than 1,200 counties in more than 300 prefectures today. However, the central court directly administered more than 300 prefectures, which was obviously quite difficult, and finally set up Xingtai Province and the Governor's Office successively, and these newly established institutions also had many shortcomings. After Yi Feng ascended the throne, he immediately abolished the governor's office, and then established provinces in the state. This system has been implemented for less than two years, but the effect is good, but now the emperor wants to abolish the state and set up a county, everyone is a little confused, is there any point in this?

Of course, Yi Feng will not be full of idle boredom, and every move in the emperor's policy is actually very meaningful.

It is not so simple to withdraw the state and restore the county. First of all, there were more than 500 counties at the beginning of the Sui Dynasty, but now the resumption of counties is to restore more than 190 counties in the world, which is not a simple resumption of counties, but a reduction of more than half of the counties. Even the original imperial court had more than 300 prefectures, but now the prefectures have been withdrawn and restored, so that between provinces and counties, from more than 300 prefectures to nearly 200 counties, a reduction of one-third. Cutting more than a hundred, of course, is a big impact. In this way, more than 20 provinces have jurisdiction over nearly 200 counties, nearly 200 counties have jurisdiction over more than 1,200 counties, one province has jurisdiction over eight or nine counties, and one county has jurisdiction over six or seven counties.

The imperial court lost more than 100 prefectures and counties at once, and also reduced a large number of expenditures, reduced a large number of officials, and strengthened the effectiveness of the government. The most important point is that the original state level is relatively high, before the establishment of provinces, the state is the highest level of the local setting, and the higher state is the third grade. Today's provincial level is actually the state level, but at the beginning, considering that the province would be a completely new organizational structure, it did not directly re-establish the county to form the state and county, but set up a province on the state, so that the two levels of the province and the state are high-level local officials, and there are hundreds or thousands of high-level officials in more than 300 states.

Of course, a large number of high-ranking officials will not be a good thing, and now Yi Feng directly abolished the state and restored the county, and an important reason is that the level of the county is originally low for the state. This is a disguised act of demoting a large number of state officials. Cutting one-third of the states and counties is also a large-scale dismissal of officials. Yi Feng wants to take advantage of this state to change to a county to plant a large number of old and unsuitable officials, and even if they stay, they will be demoted. The state is three grades, the county is five grades, and it is directly downgraded several levels. At the same time, the township level was officially set up as the division of the state, and the management of officials should be arranged, which was to prepare a place for a large number of talented scholars who were pouring out of the imperial examination, so that these newly admitted scholars could start from the bottom and have enough places.

At the same time as abolishing the prefecture and establishing the county, Yi Feng also added a lot of power to the provincial government, so that the local government had a certain amount of autonomy, especially Yi Feng left one-third of the two taxes levied by the local government to the local government. One third of the two taxes per year is 10 million yuan. In the end, more than 3 million of the 10 million yuan were retained in more than 1,000 counties across the country, more than 3 million yuan were handed over to nearly 200 counties in the country, and the remaining 3 million yuan were handed over to more than 20 provinces in the country.

"After the abolition of the state and the restoration of the county, the 198 counties in the country, the officials of all sizes in each county need to be adjusted and appointed in a timely manner, and the original 300 or so state officials, all of whom have retired when their age has expired, and all those whose term of office has expired have also been transferred. The rest of the imperial court will hold official evaluations, and those who fail to pass the assessment will all be dismissed or demoted, and those who are excellent will be retained. In short, the most important task in the first half of this year was to complete the work of withdrawing the prefectures and restoring the counties, and among the new officials in the counties, it was specifically required that at least 10 percent of the officials be recruited in the imperial examination. (To be continued......) r1292

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