Portugal was the gateway for the Anglo-Chinese to set foot in Europa, and the mission led by Xiao Xie was firmly anchored in Lisbon with the ambition of making it a base for operation. The treaty he handed over made the ministers of the kingdom very uncomfortable, just as the wolves of the mission faced a swarm of foreign girls, and they were worried about the smooth and delicious food, but they were worried about the disease.

But the aristocratic women of the kingdom went down to the streets of Lisbon to camp and pounced on the mission like moths to a fire. In their opinion, a spring supper with the men from Seris is worth a thousand gold. And the lads of Seris are not only suave, but also pay special attention to cleanliness, and are two creatures like the Europa men who do not want to take a bath several times in their lives.

The condom that was lost after using it once is a clear proof of this, and many women have secretly picked it up, not only as a souvenir, but also to find a craftsman to recreate it. It's also available in Oba, but it's not so thin or soft, and it's not cheap enough to be used as papyrus like the Seris.

When the king pretended to mention this thing to Xiao Xie inadvertently, hoping to obtain manufacturing technology, and was even willing to exchange it for shipbuilding and other technologies, the envoys woke up like a dream, did this set be used too much?

Li Fangying said bitterly that it is a very serious matter to give Europa an image, and the reason why he wants to use the sleeve of Seris is based on this consideration. But now that the little set of people has become the focus of the Europa, what will they think of the Seris? If the weathering doesn't exist, won't our Yinghua become a barbarian country? This. Insult your majesty!

Song Ji refuted, how can it be called weathered? It's called amorous! It is to let the Europa people see clearly, we Seris men, not hypocritical, hygienic...... Xiao Xie stopped their Dao Demon rivalry and said that it seemed that the kingdom's meeting should also have a result.

Sure enough, I don't know if I was afraid that the girls of Lisbon would be conquered by the Seris man, or if I was in a hurry to get that set, the government of the Kingdom of Portugal and the mission started a meeting again, which was a formal bargain. Among the alternatives proposed by the kingdom, the terms for the transfer of the manufacturing technology of this thing were listed in a grand manner, and even ranked ahead of the article demanding that the Anglo-Chinese cancel the ban on Catholicism, and the Portuguese did not mention the matter of direct flights to Goa, after all, they also knew that this was to set the table of Europa in the Asian maritime trade pattern, and whether the Portuguese had the strength to take the majority of the new game. Yinghua really has the heart to open a new situation, and will not offend the Dutch and Britons for the sake of their Portuguese interests.

Recognizing the equal treatment of the nationals of the two sides is no problem, but in Li Xi's era, it was a matter of recognizing dual nationality and exempting each other from visas. As for the lifting of the ban on Catholicism, Lang Shining blocked them back with the sentence "Does Portugal have the right to sign a religious tolerance agreement for the Roman religion?"

Regarding the Manchu Qing Dynasty, Portugal readily recognized this article, after all, the British and Chinese have been, looking at the sea ships of others, they are not far behind their own technology, China is mainly Anglo-Chinese, and it is meaningless to deal with the Manchu Qing again. But with the help of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, the Anglo-Chinese and Portugal became one, and in the face of the Europa countries, the Portuguese were not stupid and resolutely pushed this article away. This is a pit, in the past, they jumped into the big pit with Spain, and they collapsed, but they suffered enough. Now that they have formed an alliance with the British, they will not easily take sides. The news that Spain might be attacking the British and Chinese in the South Seas was sent by Portugal, and the Portuguese were very vigilant against the British and Chinese hands, and it was not unnecessary, they did not want to have any more conflicts with the Spanish. Xiao Xie took a step and said that this is not a strategic alliance, which Europa country colluded with the Manchu Qing Dynasty and was an enemy of Anglo-Chinese, so Portugal needed to choose to take sides, and it didn't have to get involved in the war, just expressed its support for Anglo-Chinese in Europa. The matter of waving the flag is not dangerous, but the Portuguese are also shrewd, and they want to seek reciprocal benefits from this article, Xiao Xie only then said: "You don't have any technology to change, so what kind of set ......" The Count of Pinto, who presided over the negotiations, turned the page sharply, indicating that a consensus had been reached on this article. On March 4, 1720, the Anglo-Chinese and Portuguese countries formally signed the Lisbon Agreement, which opened the curtain of friendship between the two countries. The terms of the agreement seem to be very prosaic to the Europa countries, and do not involve any strategic interests, that is, the two countries have a permanent envoy to each other. Much attention has been drawn to the fact that Portugal traded a full range of shipbuilding, iron smelting, and ordnance technology for the Cyris "condom" technology, which is said to be a generous gift from the Cyris. Whether it is shipbuilding, iron smelting or munitions, the skill level of the ships on which the Cyris people ride is clearly visible

They are not lagging behind Europa, and there are even many places that are more advanced. The first step of Xiao Xie's mission was successfully completed, and his original goal was this agreement, as well as the mutual establishment of permanent ministers, and even the latter was the key. In Europe, although the Venetians had been establishing permanent missions in various countries as early as 300 years earlier, it did not become a common phenomenon until the Thirty Years' War and the Peace of Westphalia signed in 1648. The reason why the Europa people thought this was new was because it was the first time that the Europa countries exchanged ministers with a non-Europa country, and it was Seris thousands of miles away. The Kingdom of Portugal, and even Europa, have yet to fully appreciate the profound implications behind this. Originally, Portugal could use the Governors of Goa and Macau to take care of the interests of the Portuguese in Macau and Annam, but after the rise of Anglo-Chinese, the autonomy of Macao was erased, and Annam was held in his hands, and the Governor of Goa alone was beyond the reach of the whip. had to follow Yinghua's proposal and set up a minister in Yinghua. In response, the Anglo-Chinese naturally also enjoyed the power to set up ministers in Portugal, which the Portuguese had not yet thought through, and the other countries were still immersed in the impact of the huge Chinese mission to Europa, and had no room to think about it. Xiao Xie threw two hooks in the agreement before, which was actually an idle move, and it was this one that was turning Portugal into a Anglo-Chinese stronghold in Europa: setting up ministers for each other. In his time, international diplomacy was divided into several stages, the Peace of Westphalia established the Westphalian system, the Vienna system after Napoleon, and the Versailles in World War I, the Washington system and the Jarda system in World War II, all of which established a new pattern. The more important significance of the step-by-step evolution of these systems lies in the establishment of the principles of the coexistence of countries, that is, foreign affairs, of which the Westphalian system is the cornerstone of the follow-up, and the principles of modern international diplomacy are based on the Westphalian system. ,

The Westphalian system represented the collapse of the Holy Roman Empire and the beginning of the evolution of the countries of Europa into modern nation-states.

Since the Peace of Westphalia, there has been no religious war between the countries of Europa that overrides national interests, which is very similar to China's "Spring and Autumn Unrighteous War".

The most important significance of the Westphalian system is that it established the concept of the sovereignty of the state, the principle of "equality of sovereignty", and at the same time the original principles of international law. States, large and small, are equal in international law. The concept is also the same as that in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the princely states of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty all claimed to be kings, and they no longer judged the size of each other according to the titles of princes and princes in the old days, and dealt with the relationship between them.

More similarly, the Holy Roman Empire, which could have relied on Roman Extension to command Europe, was thrown aside by the countries under the Westphalian system and became a stinky signboard, which is also the same as the history of the Warring States in China and the Eastern Zhou royal family aside.

The signing of the treaty and the establishment of ministers to each other were mutual recognition of the sovereignty of the state, and thus the Anglo-Chinese indirectly entered the Westphalian system through Portugal.

Of course, from the Westphalian system all the way to the Vienna system, it was the pattern that Westerners played by themselves. Versailles, the Warwickton system was only extended to the whole world due to a major war, and the Republic of China at that time could be regarded as having its own place in this pattern.

But now, in 1720, in this time and space, relying on the "Lisbon Agreement" to set up ministers for each other, Britain and China set foot in this pattern early, and suddenly brought the East and the West closer, and the world situation was completely different.

When Xiao Xie explained the essentials to the mission, everyone was very unconvinced, and it sounded like we Yinghua were desperate to squeeze into their circle and gain their approval.

Lu Hanshan's point of view is the most representative: "We Yinghua have the silk, tea, and porcelain that the Europa people are eager to see, and when we have enough strength to control the South Seas, it should be them who come to beg us to join us!" Why do you have to follow the rules of their Europaans? If you follow the rules, people won't treat you as equals! ”

Xiao Xie shook his head and said: "This rule is made up by a gang of robbers, thieves and Dutch, and it is a good signboard in the open, this is their righteousness!" Everyone has their own thoughts in the dark, for example, we Yinghua have Huaxia Jiufu, but on the bright side, we can also use this righteousness, and we don't need to use it in vain. ”

"You're right, the Europa people don't treat us as equals, but the Portuguese have hostages in our hands, so they have to sign this treaty and treat us as equals. In the future, if a Europa country is an enemy of us, we can also rely on this set of rules to divide and disintegrate. ”

He smiled: "Besides, this rule is the pattern of their Europa, with our Yinghua joining, how the rules will change in the future will not allow them to control it." ”

Zheng Wei, who is so stuffy, suddenly threw out a sentence:

"Did Sun Monkey drill the belly of the Bull Demon King?"

Although this metaphor is not very appropriate, the spirit is roughly thorough, and Xiao Xie nodded again and again.

The "evil intentions" hidden by the Anglo-Chinese mission, the Portuguese and the countries of Europa, naturally did not think much about it at this time, and it was difficult for them to understand that the Serisians, who were thousands of miles away, were actually aiming at their set of rules for handling national relations.

In the eyes of the governments of Spain, France, the Netherlands, and Britain, which have been informed of the mission, the relationship between Portugal and the Chinese has always been close and complicated, and it seems logical to make such a move.

Seventy years ago, when China was still "Nanming", a Jesuit priest Bu Mi visited Portugal with a Nanming official named Chen Ande. First, he went to the Pope of Rome for reinforcements to defend against the Tatar invasion from the north. Later, he approached the then King of Portugal, John IV, and the king verbally agreed.

When the Chinese look back on this period of history, they regard the Lisbon Agreement as a symbol of the rise of the country to the world, and the nationalists in the countries of Europa are scolding the Portuguese for being stupid.

In his book The Dilemma of Europa, the great historian Max wrote: "In 1720, young women in Lisbon complacently showed their friends the used Seris sleeve, unbeknownst to them, to cover the whole of Europa. From then on, a condom, a Seris condom, hovering over Europa like a ghost......",

(To be continued) Comment: The inspiration of this bowl of chicken soup is very simple, and many people like to do things in the old saying is "good for the emperor", that is, they think that they have the ability to help the emperor and generals to give advice, but look at these people themselves, there is no piece of tile on the top, and there is no place to stand on the bottom. In fact, it is the easiest thing for a person to change his own economic situation, and you don't need to worry about the affairs of the country, it is enough to worry about the affairs of your own family. But these people always think that it is too difficult to change themselves, and it seems very simple to change a country and a society. As you can imagine, he can neither change society nor change himself, so grumbling and complaining become commonplace. I hope that friends who read this article will start from themselves immediately, reduce unnecessary complaints and complaints, and do what they should do wholeheartedly, and this earth will work well without human beings worrying about it. Written in the 5th century B.C., the book Histories was written by Herodotus, who was hailed as the "father of history" by the Roman philosopher Cicero. Herodotus said in his book: "Oriental culture is the cradle of all culture and all wisdom." In the fourth volume of the book, he is even more

With rich imagination, China is positioned "beyond the north wind" thousands of miles away. Although such a few words can only vaguely outline the appearance of China, we can still see the respect of the ancient Greeks for China. Because in the religious beliefs of the Greeks, the "people beyond the north wind" were the people who were favored by the sun god Apollo.

The Roman geographer Pomponi Mera, in the first century AD, praised the integrity of the Chinese: "This is a very just people, they leave their goods in the wilderness, and the buyers come to pick up the goods when the seller is not there, and this way of doing business is famous." ”

The evaluation of China by the Greek historian Marcellin in the 4th century is more representative of the general understanding of China by Westerners at that time. He praised the richness of China's products: "The territory of the Seris country is vast, and the fertile plains are thousands of miles...... The products are also very rich, there are cereals, dried and fresh fruits, cattle, sheep and livestock, there is really everything, and the products are numerous and numerous. "The cities there are sparse, but they're larger, more productive, and densely populated." He praised the peace-loving nature of the Chinese: "The Seris people do not know how to conduct war and use weapons at all. The Seris people prefer to cultivate their bodies quietly, so they are the easiest neighbors to get along with. "In their place, the sky is clear, the moon is clear, the climate is mild and pleasant, and even if the wind blows, it is not a cold wind, but a gentle breeze."