485. Nuclear submarine technology
The power system of the 091 class nuclear submarine is very reliable, in later generations, after more than 20 years of operation, until after decommissioning, there has been no nuclear leakage accident, in contrast, the Soviets in order to pursue advanced technology, there are many forms of nuclear reactors, and there are even liquid sodium reactors, so that the nuclear submarine can reach a speed of more than 40 knots, once exceeding the speed of anti-submarine torpedoes. However, the reliability was not high, and the nuclear submarines of the Soviets, which had many accidents, even received the title of widow-maker.
The chief engineer of the nuclear submarine is engaged in nuclear power, and it can be seen that the main purpose of this first-generation nuclear submarine is to solve the problem of whether there is or not, and in terms of power system, it has completely met the standard.
"How noisy is this nuclear submarine?" Tasnim asked.
The noise of a submarine is the main secret, and countries will never say anything about their own data except for submarines sold for export.
In later generations, there are different opinions about the noise of the 091-class submarine, and most of the statements are that the noise of this submarine is quite large, it is simply an underwater tractor, and some people even joke that the submarine sonar soldiers of the United States have proposed compensation for this, which deaf their ears!
Perhaps, when the 091 first came out, the noise was indeed very loud, perhaps, the Xia-class ballistic missile submarine, due to the extra big bump, the noise was not small, but the 091-class improved version that has been laid with silencing tiles will definitely not be ridiculously loud.
"At a speed of 5 knots, our noise can reach 100 decibels." Captain Huaxia said.
When talking about the noise of submarines, we must talk about the speed, just like the people of later generations who disliked their own fuel, not to mention the speed, the speed of 30 kilometers per hour of the urban road, and the speed of 100 kilometers per hour. The fuel consumption is one or two times worse, not to mention the speed than the fuel consumption, that is a scoundrel, not to say that the speed is more than the noise, that is also the saying of military blindness.
At 5 knots, it is possible to achieve silent sailing. The background noise of the ocean is about 90 decibels, and the silent navigation of this nuclear submarine at low speed is only 100 decibels.
Tasnim nodded: "100 decibels, it's about the same as our diesel-electric submarines, so what if the speed is higher?" ”
"At maximum speed, our submarine has a noise of 160 decibels." Captain Huaxia continued.
160 decibels! Tasnim opened his mouth wide and Allah was above. This noise is really not small!
"When the speed of five knots is maintained, the main circulating water pump of our reactor does not need to be turned on, and it only relies on the automatic circulation of the nuclear reactor." Captain Hua Xia explained: "When the speed increases, the power of the nuclear reactor needs to be increased, and the main circulating water pump needs to be turned on, and one of the main sources of noise is this main circulating water pump. Another source is the propeller at the tail. ”
In fact. Not only the submarines of China, but also the submarines of the first generation of the United States and the Soviet Union also faced such problems. The main circulating water pump is a big source of noise! Therefore, Western countries are improving the self-circulation capacity of reactors, and the United States has advanced nuclear reactors. It can even be completely self-circulating, eliminating the noisy main circulation pump.
Another source is the tail propeller, which creates a huge noise source when the propeller stirs up the seawater. Therefore, reducing the noise of these devices is the main direction of silence of nuclear submarines.
Huaxia's Type 091 submarine still uses a five-bladed propeller, which has low propulsion efficiency and huge noise.
"We in Pakistan have multi-axis linkage CNC machine tools, which can process advanced seven-blade large side inclined propellers." Haziz, who had been observing, said.
If you want to make significant progress in the silent performance of the submarine, you need advanced propellers, seven-blade large side oblique propellers, which are the results of computer design and optimized hydrodynamics schemes, and also need advanced CNC machine tools to be able to process.
Now, Pakistan's own new warships, which are being built on their own, use this kind of propeller.
At the same time, the number of blades of the seven-bladed propeller is large, which can further reduce the speed of the propeller, and the lower the speed, the smaller the noise.
In later generations, Britain's "Avant-garde" and "Astute" class nuclear submarines, France's "Triumph" class nuclear submarines, and the United States in the "Seawolf" class and "Virginia" class nuclear submarines all used pump-jet propulsion. Due to the outside of the pump casing, the noise generated by the rotor and the inner flow channel can be shielded, resulting in a significant reduction in noise amplitude.
Pakistan's current level of science and technology is not yet able to produce that kind of advanced pump-jet propulsion, but the seven-bladed propeller with large side slope can already be processed.
"That's great!" Hearing Haziz's words, General Zhang on the side said: "When our nuclear submarine is being improved in the middle of the term, I hope that it can be replaced with this kind of propeller to greatly reduce our noise!" ”
As the commander-in-chief of the Navy, he naturally understands the role of these nuclear submarines, which is the existence of a strategic deterrent force, and in later generations, when the US aircraft carriers support Taiwan, the only trump card in the hands of the Chinese Navy is only nuclear submarines, and if the noise of these submarines can be reduced, it will be worth it no matter how much it costs.
"Well, no problem at all." Haziz said: "As long as you provide the materials, we can process them in Pakistan." ”
The propellers are made of pure copper, which is cut out with copper, and Pakistan provides machining for free, which is completely fine.
"Okay, I inform our technicians to design a new propeller for our submarine!" General Zhang couldn't wait.
"How deep is your nuclear submarine?" Tasnim continued.
Another important indicator of the nuclear submarine is the depth of the dive, or Lao Maozi is the most comfortable to play, the nuclear submarine made of titanium alloy can even dive to a depth below 500 meters, at this depth, all torpedoes cannot be used, that is to say, as long as the nuclear submarine dives to this depth, it is absolutely safe.
The most important thing is the material of the pressure hull of the submarine, and only high-strength steel can withstand the huge pressure of seawater.
Hearing the other party's question, Captain Huaxia said with some embarrassment: "Two hundred meters, if there is an emergency, you can also dive to a depth of three hundred meters." ”
Two hundred meters! Tasnim couldn't help but shake his head: "No, it's too shallow." ”
In the era of World War II, submarines were able to dive to a depth of more than 100 meters, and now, even conventionally powered submarines can dive to a depth of 200 meters. The nuclear submarine in front of me is only 200 meters deep, which shows that the quality of the steel is not up to par!
When the first Long March 1 was built, it was only in the 70s, and in such a turbulent era, it was not easy to produce steel for diving to a depth of 200 meters.
The 091 class uses the structure of the Soviet Union, double shell, and the pressure-resistant shell inside, using the best steel found in China, and there is still only such a compressive capacity.
Haziz is also frowning, it seems that Pakistan wants to build a nuclear submarine, and the only thing that can be imported from China is the technology of the nuclear reactor and the design of the entire hull.
Coming out of the nuclear submarine, I immediately felt a burst of refreshment, although the nuclear submarine had not yet dived to the bottom of the sea, the smell of it still lingered. After coming out, along the passage of the cave, there is a constant sea breeze blowing, which is quite comfortable.
Sitting in the returning car, the Pakistani personnel were constantly pondering.
"You want to build your own nuclear submarines?" It was General Zhang who broke the silence.
Today, high-ranking officials of the Pakistan Navy secretly visited their own nuclear submarines, what is the purpose of the other side? In Pakistan's arsenal, it is this nuclear submarine that is missing! Therefore, Pakistan should want to engage in nuclear submarines.
"Yes." "In order to protect the safety of our aircraft carriers, we need high-performance submarines underwater, diesel-electric submarines are always emergency, and we must have our own nuclear submarines," Haziz said. ”
After speaking, Haziz and the rest of the Pakistani personnel in the car looked at each other and continued: "We hope to get the overall design of the submarine from your country, as well as nuclear power technology. ”
It depends on the other party's statement, after all, the nuclear power system of this submarine is the most critical system of the nuclear submarine. At the time when the Soviet Union and China were at their closest, Khrushchev did not agree to export nuclear submarine technology.
When General Zhang heard Haziz's words, sure enough, the expression on his face calmed down, and he thought seriously, in the entire carriage, there was nothing else except the sound of the engine.
"Your nuclear submarine technology is completely independently developed." Finally, General Zhang said: "It has nothing to do with our Huaxia. ”
Hearing the other party's words, Haziz's eyes also lit up: "Yes, we already have a nuclear power plant on land in Pakistan, and we have mastered a lot of nuclear power plant technology, and after miniaturization, it can be stuffed into a nuclear submarine, and it has nothing to do with you." ”
Huaxia owes Pakistan too much, especially this time, Pakistan took the initiative to help Huaxia recover the island, which is a strategic friend.
Even if Pakistan has nuclear submarines, it will not pose a threat to China, and Pakistan and China will be a win-win outcome. It's just that if China really exports nuclear submarine technology, it will make the West dissatisfied, so it is declared to the outside world that it must put aside the relationship with China.
"We in Pakistan can start building nuclear submarines in our own factories, and we have now developed new steel. With a yield of about 850MPa, a nuclear submarine made of this steel can reach a depth of at least 400 meters. Haziz continued.
At the beginning, Mhammad visited Moscow and brought some good things, among them this new steel, the full set of technology, including the factory, were packed back, and Pakistan could produce this kind of steel with strong strength! (To be continued......)