Tian Khan regarded Huayi as one, and there was a peaceful scene within the four seas.

In the twenty-first year of Zhenguan, Li Daozong asked for an idle job due to illness, and later became Taichangqing. In the twenty-second year of Zhenguan, Tang Taizong died of illness in Hanfeng Hall at the age of fifty-two. The crown prince Li Zhi is located in front of the coffin, which is Tang Gaozong.

The new emperor canonized Tubo Zampu as the commander of the horse and the king of Xihai County, and the Tubo Zampu paid a courteous tribute to the new emperor, "At the beginning of the reign of the Son of Heaven, there are disloyal people under the subordinates, and they should go to the country to get rid of them."

In the first year of Tang Gaozong's Yonghui, Li Daozong added a special advance, increased the actual seal and the first 600 households, this year, Tubo Zampu died, Tang Gaozong sent people to the grand sacrifice, at this time the relationship between Tang and Tibet was maintained in a good state. The glory and wealth are short-lived, the people of Li are long-lasting, Tang Gaozong Yonghui for four years, and a catastrophe came unexpectedly and befell Li Daozong.

The case of Fang Yiai and Gao Yang's rebellion implicated many imperial relatives, including Li Ke, the king of Wu, who has always been feared by the eldest grandson Wuji, and Li Daozong, the king of Jiangxia County, who has a vendetta with the eldest grandson Wuji and Chu Suiliang. In this bloody struggle for power, the concubines Du Wei Fang Ai, Xue Wanche, and Chai Lingwu were beheaded for public display, and Li Yuanjing, King of Jing, Li Ke, King of Wu,

Princess Baling and Princess Gaoyang were both given to die, and Li Daozong could not escape the revenge purge no matter how upright he was, and he was exiled to Xiangzhou (now southeast of Liuzhou, Guangxi), and died of illness on the way at the age of 54.

The power struggle began again and again, Wu Zetian gained power, the eldest grandson Wuji and Chu Suiliang repeated the fate of Li Daozong, and Li Daozong was recovered again. Li Daozong's son Li Jingheng was awarded the title of Duke of Lu, and the official went to Xiangzhou to assassinate the history.

Li Daozong also has a younger brother Li Daoxing, in the early years of Wude, he was canonized as the king of Guangning County, and later demoted to the county duke, Zhenguan for nine years, was appointed as the governor of Jiaozhou, "with the south miasma", alone in the wilderness depressed, died in office. The imperial court posthumously presented the governor of Wenzhou.

Li Daozong was quite studious in his later years, admired the wise men, and never bullied others, in the early Tang Dynasty. Only he and Li Xiaogong, the king of Hejian County, were the most praised by the people of the time.

There is one thing that is enough to prove his open-mindedness, one day in the sixth year of Zhenguan, Li Shimin held a banquet, and Wei Chi Jingde was also invited. Wei Chi Jingde was greatly displeased to find that someone's seat was above him.

Li Daozong, the king of Rencheng, came forward to persuade him. Yu Chi Jingde punched him in the face, almost blinding one of Li Daozong's eyes, but Li Daozong did not bother with Yu Chi Jingde. Li Shimin was very angry

, and sternly warned Wei Chi Jingde afterwards, "I always thought that Liu Bang had done too much to the heroes, and after I became the emperor, I hoped that the monarchs and ministers could get along in harmony." But seeing you so lawless,

Only then did I know that Liu Bang killed Han Xin back then, and he was really forced to do so. I can forgive you this time, you must restrain yourself in the future. Don't regret it later."

Li Daozong, as a relative of the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, is like Wei Qing and Huo Qubing of the Han Dynasty, who fought in all directions, made outstanding achievements, and was deeply admired, but in the opera, he became a big villain who had all the tricks, framed the famous general Xue Rengui everywhere, and finally reaped the consequences.

The sour Confucians wantonly distorted the history of the Tang Dynasty, and the only thing that was not distorted was that Tang Taizong did love Li Daozong very much.

The two maintained a lifelong friendship and affection. The brilliant results of the early Tang Dynasty are inextricably linked to the existence of a Guanlong aristocratic group in the army, and it is the exemplary role of this strong core.

Turned the Don Army into a victorious army that conquered all over the world. The self-confidence of the Guanlong aristocratic group, the courage of the Han people after the Wuhu Rebellion,

Cast the Great Wall of Steel of the Tang Empire, invincible and invincible, Li Daozong as a member of the Guanlong aristocratic group. Charging forward, desperate, he is worthy of the honor of the nobility and the history of the iron pen.

The Eight Great Pillars of the Western Wei Dynasty

In the last years of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Gao Huan was in power, and the capital was in Luoyang, and later Emperor Xiaowu of the Northern Wei Dynasty Yuan Xiu could not bear it and ran to Guanzhong to join Gao Huan's opposition, and the Northern Wei Dynasty was divided into Eastern Wei and Western Wei. In the confrontation with Gao Huan, these people gradually formed a Yuwentai (after the Yuwenbu of Liaoxi Xianbei,

Yuwen was later destroyed by the Xianbei Murong Ministry) as the core of the leading group, in addition to Yuwentai, there are also Yuan Xin, Li Hu, Li Bi, Yu Jin, Zhao Gui, Dugu Xin, Hou Mo Chen Chong and other seven people, known as the Eight Pillars.

During the Wei and Jin dynasties in ancient China, there were many political nobles, almost monopolizing the political power at that time, and in the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the once beautiful Eastern Jin Dynasty gate lord clans gradually declined with the fall of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the rise of the Liu Song Dynasty.

Wang Xie Yuhuan these well-known noble surnames are no longer what they used to be, seeing that the golden age of Chinese aristocracy is coming to an end, at this time, a new aristocratic group was born, soaring into the sky, extending the life of the Chinese aristocratic era,

And created an unprecedented great era, which is the Guanlong military aristocratic group that has been in China for nearly two hundred years, he originated in Wuchuan, Beibei, and was originally built in Guanzhong, creating four dynasties.

They are the Western Wei Dynasty, the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, and the Tang Dynasty, which is a unique miracle in Chinese history, and pushed China to a new historical peak.

Eight pillars, respectively: Yuwentai (Li Shimin's maternal great-grandfather),

Yuan Xin, Li Hu (Li Yuan's grandfather), Li Bi (Li Mi's great-grandfather), Zhao Gui, Yu Jin, Dugu Xin (Yang Jian's father-in-law, Li Yuan's maternal grandfather), Hou Mo Chen Chong. They created the Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui,

The glorious history of the four Tang dynasties. The history books of the Tang Dynasty said: "Today's people who are called gate valves are salty and push the country of eight pillars." At that time, it was prosperous, and it was incomparable. ”

Among them, Yuwentai pioneered the government military system, although it is the head of the pillar country, but its status has long been transcendent. The Yuan clan is named because of its status, but it is actually the Six Pillars State, which is in line with the meaning of Zhou Lizhi and the Six Armies. The Six Pillars of the Kingdom have two generals each, so there are twelve generals.

Each general supervised two Kaifu, and each Kaifu led an army, a total of 24 armies, which is the system of government soldiers. (Note: Emperor Wen of Sui Emperor Yang Jian is the son of Yang Zhong, one of the twelve generals)

The government military system was initiated by Yuwentai, perfected in the early Tang Dynasty, declined after Gaozong's martial arts, and was completely destroyed during Xuanzong's time. The Guanlong military aristocratic group, the Sui and Tang dynasties of the Northern Dynasties were very prosperous, and the royal family and its generals and ministers were almost all from the same system and class. During the Taizong period, power gradually declined,

There is quite a battle with the emerging Shandong heroes. The eldest grandson Wuji served as the minister of Gu Ming, which was the last flash of the Guanlong group, and the Empress Wu wanted to eliminate the power of the Tang family, so he began to carry out the work of destroying this traditional group.

For example, advocating the discipline of Jinshi literature and rhetoric, breaking the rules and employing people, and gradually destroying the system of government soldiers. To Xuanzong, especially known as Li Tang Shengshi, but his grandmother began to destroy the fortifications of the Guanlong Group, but it was completed.

According to Mr. Chen Yinke, the group has two main characteristics:

1. "The armed and intelligent people who govern the Hu and Han nations";

2. The people in this group "enter the phase, and out will be." There is no such thing as a separation of civil and military affairs".

Therefore, to study the history of the early Tang Dynasty, it is necessary to understand the origin of the Guanlong military aristocratic group - the Eight Pillars of the Western Wei Dynasty.

Zhuguo, originally meant the title of the general of the Zhuguo of the Northern Wei Dynasty. It was originally sealed in Erzhurong, and was abolished after the defeat of Erzhurong, and was re-established when Yuwentai re-established the Western Wei Dynasty.

Sixteen years before the unification of the Western Wei Dynasty, the title of General of the Zhu State was awarded to eight people, namely: Yuwentai, Yuan Xin, Li Hu, Li Bi, Yu Jin, Dugu Xin, Zhao Gui, Hou Mo and Chen Chong, which was known as the "Eight Pillars Country" at that time.

Among them, Yuwentai led the army, and Yuan Xin was the royal family of the Western Wei Dynasty, and the military power was limited, and the remaining six people each commanded two generals, that is, the "twelve generals" in the government soldiers.

Among the twelve generals of the Eight Pillars State, a new generation of gate valve aristocrats from the Western Wei Dynasty to the Northern Zhou Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty and the early Tang Dynasty were produced, and most of the royal descendants of these eras came from these families - the descendants of Yuwentai were the Northern Zhou royal family, the descendants of Li Hu were the royal family of the Tang Dynasty, and the descendants of the general Yang Zhong were the royal family of the Sui Dynasty.

Most of the queens of the Northern Zhou Dynasty were produced in these families, and the empress of Emperor Wen of Sui and the mother of Li Yuan, the ancestor of Tang Gaozu, were both from Dugu Xin in the Eight Pillars Kingdom. And the later grandeur of these families all stemmed from the great achievements of these famous generals in the last troubled times of the Northern and Southern Dynasties.

Pei Xingjian

The opera writer Bai Pu of the Yuan Dynasty wrote a play "Pei Shaojun on the Wall", which is about the family of the famous Tang Dynasty general Pei Xingjian, but unfortunately Bai Pu can't get rid of the cliché of the sour literati.

Pei Xingjian was portrayed as a negative character who tended to be inflammatory, forcing his son Pei Shaojun to divorce his wife on the grounds of feudal etiquette, in fact, the real Pei Xingjian himself in history was a Hu-Han marriage.

His step-family, Kudi, was not a Han woman. According to the unearthed epitaphs and historical materials of the Tang Dynasty, some historians speculate that this woman was married to Pei Zhenyin, the son of Pei Xingjian's Yuanpei, and Pei Xingjian was originally Weng's daughter-in-law, and later Pei Zhenyin died early.

Kudi remarried Pei Xingjian and gave birth to four sons, among whom Pei Guangting later became a famous minister of the Tang Dynasty. There is the Tang generation, the concept is Hu, the atmosphere is open, not only interracial marriages abound.

In the Li Tang royal family, it is not uncommon for fathers to take their sons and wives, brothers to occupy younger brothers-in-law, and sons to inherit their father's concubines.

Even the scholars who have always regarded themselves very highly are inevitably influenced by Hu Feng. Of course, the scholars are the strong pillars of the Tang Empire.

Its mainstream abides by Confucian morality, and when it comes to the prosperity of the crown, the number of celebrities, and the great contribution, it should be the first to recommend Wenxi Pei's family, that is, Pei Xingjian's family.

Wenxi Pei family from the winning surname, and the Qin State of the same ancestor, because of the following Zhou Wang Xuan to make military achievements, was divided in Pei Bai Village, "up and down two thousand years, heroic and handsome, famous and virtuous, shoulder to shoulder, lush like a forest, generation of great people, brilliant in the annals of history", has appeared 59 prime ministers,

There are 59 generals, 14 Zhongshu Shilang, 55 Shangshu, 44 Shilang, 11 Changshi, 11 Yushi, 211 Thorn Shi, 77 Taishou, and the marriage with the royal family is even more commonplace, and there are 21 people in the Pei family.

There are 3 queens and 4 princesses. Pei Xingjian's great-grandfather Pei Bofeng, who served as a hussar general, Fenzhou Thorn History, and Langxie County Duke during the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and his grandfather Pei Dinggao, who served as Fengyi County Guard, attacked Langxie Gong.

's father, Pei Renji, was a doctor in Zuo Guanglu of the Sui Dynasty, and later wanted to belong to the Tang Dynasty, but was killed by Wang Shichong. It is recorded in the history books that Pei Renji was "Yi three tribes" by Wang Shichong,

Died in the second year of Tang Gaozu Wude, and Pei Xingjian was born in this year, he is likely to be a posthumous son, how his mother escaped the disaster of extinction, is still a mystery in history,

As the saying goes, if you don't die in a catastrophe, you will have a blessing, and his future achievements greatly exceeded his father's expectations, and he became a famous general of the Tang generation.

Pei Xingjian was a child to make up for Hongwensheng, but he had no biological father, and the difficulties of life can be imagined, Pei Xingjian was not discouraged and depressed, and the nobility and persistence of human nature were vividly expressed in him. During the Zhenguan period, he passed the Ming Jing exam,

Became Zuotun Wei Cangcao to join the army and became Su Dingfang's subordinate, Maxima met Bole, Su Dingfang taught the war book and war strategy, "I use soldiers, few people can learn it, except for you."

Famous teachers guide with heart, students study hard, Pei Xingjian's military attainments are not the same as at the beginning.

It has laid a good foundation for future achievements. In the second year of Xianqing (657 AD), Pei Xingjian was promoted to the order of Chang'an (now Xi'an City, Shaanxi). At that time, Tang Gaozong Li Zhi was preparing to abolish the queen Wang who was born in the Taiyuan Wang family.

Li Wu Zhaoyi as the queen, was strongly opposed by the court, Pei Xingjian thought that this move was the beginning of the country's disaster, and the Taiwei Changsun Wuji, Shangshu Zuo servant Chu Suiliang privately discussed the matter, Dali Yuan Gongyu to Wu Zhaoyi's mother Yang informant, Wu Zhaoyi held a grudge and framed Pei Xingjian to the emperor,

offended the emperor's pillow celebrity, Pei Xingjian naturally had no good fruit to eat, and was forced to leave the capital and become the governor of Xizhou (now southeast of Turpan, Xinjiang). The emperor is far away,

Pei Xingjian worked hard in office, and achieved remarkable results, in the second year of Lin De (665 AD), he was promoted to the protector of the capital of Anxi, "the countries of the Western Regions surrendered to Duomuyi", Pei Xingjian worshiped as Siwen Shaoqing.

In the second year of the general chapter (669 AD), he returned to the capital, and later moved to the ministry of servants, and selected officials together with Li Jingxuan.

They carried out tremendous changes in the personnel system, and to a large extent, they eliminated the arbitrariness of the selection of officials, and the world called them "Pei Li". At this time, Datang has been peaceful for a long time, and more and more people are participating in the election.

The imperial examination system of the Tang Dynasty was different from that of later generations, and those who passed the imperial examination only obtained the qualification to be officials.

It has become the standard of employment of the Tang generation. The "General Chapter Selection System" took into account the interests of the scholars and the Shu clan, which was quite an advanced measure at that time, which made Pei Xingjian famous for a while.

Pei Xingjian's calligraphy is excellent, especially good at grass, once used a hundred volumes of plain silk to write "Zhaoming Anthology", Tang Gaozong praised it after reading it, and gave 500 paragraphs of silk.

Pei Xingjian is also quite proud, and once boasted to others, "Chu Suiliang will not use the pen if he does not have fine pen and ink, and the only people who write without choosing pen and ink are me and Yu Shinan." In the third year of the last century, Tubo Koubian,

Pei Xingjian was appointed as the commander of the left second army of Taozhou Dao, and soon was appointed as the commander of the right army of Taizhou Zhenfu, obeying the dispatch of Li Xian, the king of Zhou.

Li Xian failed to make the trip, and Pei Xingjian failed to go with the army, but taking this as an opportunity, Pei Xingjian began a legend of conquest across the world...... (To be continued.) )