He wanted to visit Cai Yong before, but he was entangled in affairs and complicated official affairs every day, so he left this matter behind, this time it was okay, the New Year was relatively easy in the past few days, and there was such a shrewd and capable young man as Yang Xiu by his side, Guan Yufang felt that the burden on his body was much lighter, and he just used his free time for the New Year to visit Cai Yong!

This Cai Yong, the word Bo 喈. Chen Liujun (now Yu Town, Kaifeng City, Henan Province) people. At first, he refused to be recruited, but was later recruited by Situ Qiaoxuan and served as the head of Heping. He was recruited as Lang Zhong and participated in the continuation of the "Dongguan Hanji". Moved to Yilang and participated in the engraving of the Xiping Stone Sutra. Because of his outspokenness, he was framed by the eunuch and exiled to Shuofang. After several twists and turns, he took refuge in Jiangnan for 12 years. When Dong Zhuo was in power, he forcibly summoned Cai Yong. Cai Yong was forced to go and was appointed as a sacrificial wine, which was highly respected by Dong Zhuo. He was raised as a high rank, and within three days, he successively served as the imperial history, the imperial history, and the book. He also served as the Taishou of Ba County and was retained as a servant. After bowing to the left middle Lang general.

Cai Yong is proficient in music and rhythm, talented, and studied under the famous scholar Hu Guang. In addition to literature such as the history of the scriptures and the good words, Cai Yong is good at calligraphy and seals. In particular, Lishu has the deepest attainments and the highest reputation, and has the evaluation of "Cai Yongshu's bones are insightful, refreshing and powerful". Create "Feibai" book style, Cai Yong's sixth ancestor Cai Xun, like Huang Lao's technique, Emperor Ping of the Han Dynasty once served as the commander of Yi County. 's father, Cai Ling, also had an innocent conduct, and was called Zhending Gong after his death.

Cai Yong is very filial to his elders, his mother was bedridden for three years, Cai Yong has not untied his clothes and belts regardless of the harsh summer and climate change, and has not slept for 70 days. After his mother died, he built a house next to the tomb and lived and guarded it, and he kept the etiquette in every movement. A rabbit jumped very tamely beside his dwelling, and there were trees and branches, which stranged people near and far. There were a lot of people who came to watch. He and his uncle, uncle and brother**, three generations have not separated, and the people in the township praise him for his good character.

Cai Yong was erudite and knowledgeable when he was a teenager, and studied under Taifu Hu Guang. He likes literature, mathematics, astronomy, and is also good at music. During the reign of Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty, he often served Xu Huang, Zuo Yi and other five marquis. Unauthorized and lawless, I heard that Cai Yong's piano and drums were good, so he told Emperor Huan and ordered Chen Liutaishou to urge him to set off. Cai Yong had no choice but to go to Yanshi, pretending to be sick, and returned home.

Cai Yong has nothing to do at home, plays with antiques, and does not associate with the times. Inspired by Dongfang Shuo's "Guest Disaster" and Yang Xiong, Ban Gu, and Cui Chu's doubts. So he drew on the words of a hundred schools, affirmed what was correct and corrected what was wrong, and created "Commentary" to be vigilant and self-exhortatory.

In 170 A.D. (the third year of Jianning), Cai Yong was recruited by Situ Qiaoxuan as a subordinate of Peng, and was favored by Qiaoxuan. He served as the magistrate of Heping County, and was called to worship as Langzhong, and was promoted to Lang Lang in Dongguan.

Originally. The imperial court believed that the states and counties would collude with each other to form alliances for personal gain, so they ordered families and people from the two states to marry each other. Each other must not serve as supervision officials. Later, there were three mutual laws, stipulating that each other is a marriage and family and people from the two states are not allowed to exchange officials, and the taboo is even stricter. It is not easy to choose officials. Of the thirteen states in the world, people from eleven states could not hold official positions in the two states, resulting in the absence of official posts in the two states for a long time and no one took over. Cai Yong Shangshu suggested that Emperor Ling abolish the near ban. Don't be limited by time and the three-way law, as long as it is suitable, you can appoint it. But the Spirit Emperor ignored it.

Emperor Ling liked to write and wrote the "Huangxi Chapter", so many people were appointed because they could write articles. The sacrifice of wine and music in the service and Jia Hu attracted many people who had no conduct and tended to be inflammatory. They all served in Hongdu Menxue, and they liked to talk about some local customs and small things in the township, and Emperor Ling was very happy and promoted them not according to common sense. And dozens of small people in the market, who falsely claimed to be the filial son of Xuanling, were all awarded the official positions of Langzhong and the crown prince. At that time, there were often thunders and winds, which injured trees and uprooted trees, earthquakes, hail, and locusts. Xianbei invaded the border, and the people suffered from labor and taxes.

In 177 A.D. (the sixth year of Xiping), Emperor Ling issued an edict to blame himself and ordered his ministers to state feasible measures to govern national affairs. Cai Yong sang the secret Chen said that there are seven things that should be implemented:

Mingtang Monthly Order. According to the festival of spring, summer, autumn, winter and summer, the Son of Heaven welcomes the five emperors in the suburbs. In order to guide the spirit, pray for a good harvest. Qing temple sacrifices, filial piety to ancestors, pension and teaching, telling people to observe etiquette and customs, these are the great cause of the emperor, and the ancestors abide by it. However, the relevant departments often have taboos due to the mourning of the vassal state, the birth of the palace in the palace, and the death of the officials. I only saw the southern suburbs fasting and sacrificing, there was no abolition, as for its worship, there are different sayings, is it that the southern suburbs are inferior and it is honorable? Emperor Xiaoyuan's edict said: 'Etiquette is more important than sacrifice, so it is to be carried out wholeheartedly and personally to express his solemn feelings.' ’

And the old things in the Yuanhe period of Emperor Xiaozhang, once again affirmed the proposal to repair the group of rituals, in order to pray for a good year, before and after the edict, with sincerity. And now, the Taishi has been replaced, the major events of respect have been forgotten, the taboo books have been allowed to be popular, the small reasons have been detained, and the great canons have been wasted. According to the "Rites", wives and concubines give birth to children, fast, do not enter the door of the side room, and there is no abolition of the rules for sacrifices. As for the occurrence of death and mourning in the palace, and there is no sacrifice in March, it means that ordinary people only have a few houses, and many people live together, so it is inconvenient to hold sacrifices. Could it be that the court is vast and there are many concubines, so you can not sacrifice it? From now on, the system of fasting and sacrifice should be carried out in accordance with the previous regulations, so that it can be said that the response to the occurrence of disasters has been answered.

When the minister heard that the country was about to prosper, he often heard good advice. You can know your own governance inside, and you can also understand the emotions of the people outside. Therefore, although the first emperor was a wise sage, he still solicited opinions widely and asked why politics gained and why it lost. And because of the disaster, he searched for those who lived in seclusion, and attached importance to the virtuous, square, simple, and Taoist inspections. Speak out, dare to admonish, and never stop in the court. Since His Majesty took office, there have been disasters and disasters year after year, and I have not heard of the edict to recruit talents, and we should really follow some good measures in the past, so that loyal ministers can give full play to the spirit of daring to think and speak, so that the words of 'political contradiction and morality' mentioned in the "Yi Chuan" should not be popular.

There is more than one way to seek talent. Some people are famous for their good moral cultivation, and some people are praised for their outspokenness. Today, instead of being rewarded for their faithfulness, the people of the court are often killed for slander and slander. Therefore, the ministers kept their mouths shut and did not dare to speak. Langzhong Zhang Wen, who dared to admonish directly before, His Majesty adopted his opinion and reprimanded the third division. The ministers were convinced, and the common people were happy. The minister believed that Zhang Wen should be promoted to important posts in order to exhort loyal people, preach to the sea, and open up the road of virtuous politics.

The duty of the lieutenant and the state assassin is to supervise lawlessness and report bad people. Distinguish between right and wrong. Youzhou Assassin Yang Xi, Yizhou Assassin Pang Zhi, and Liangzhou Assassin Liu Qian, each have the heart of abiding by the law and hating bad people and bad things. The rest of them ignored it, and some of them perverted the law and broke the law, and they were incompetent. Some of them have sins or mistakes, the same as those that should be reported below. And the law and order are corrupt, no one has exposed it, and the government and the cabinet are silent. Five-year edict. The eight envoys were dispatched, and the three princes were ordered to investigate the people's sufferings and play His Majesty. At this time, those who abide by the law are happy to be willed, and those who do evil are afraid of losing color and are afraid to death. However, I don't know why this thing suddenly stopped.

In the past, Liu Xiangxiang said: 'Those who hesitate to make decisions open the door for ordinary villains; People who have developed the habit of indecision. Bad guys who attract flattery and slander. As soon as I heard a little bit of good governance, it changed in the blink of an eye. In vain, the people of the world speculated about the government. Unable to agree or decide which is right. Eight envoys should be posthumously designated, lawless people and things should be exposed, and loyal and innocent people should be selected to serve in other positions, and rewards and punishments should be strict. At the end of the year, the three public should be judged as good or bad. Let the officials know that it is a blessing to obey the law and a curse to cheat for personal gain. Such. The source of the disaster can also be plugged.

The minister heard that in ancient times, the officials were selected, and the princes must nominate one person in three years, which was called Sui Gong. During the time of Emperor Xiaowu, the county elected filial piety in addition to filial piety. It is also necessary to select virtuous and literary people. Therefore, famous ministers appeared one after another, and literary and martial arts flourished for a while. The winning of the great Han is only a few ways. As for calligraphy and painting, they are only considered to be small talents, and they may not be able to govern the country. When His Majesty first ascended the throne, he first emphasized the art of scriptures, and in his spare time to deal with political affairs, he read literary works to rest. Today's game of chess is not the foundation of promoting education and selecting talents. And all beings are mercenary, and there are many people who write articles. Those who are a little more clever also quote some exhortations from the scriptures; The inferior ones make do with some colloquial slang, which is similar to advocating excellence and laughing for fun; Some plagiarize other people's works and fake their names and surnames. The ministers are always edicted in Shenghuamen, and those who are admitted are relatively good, and those who are not admitted are also arranged to work. Favors have been given, it's not easy to recycle, and it's interesting enough to let them keep their money. In the past, Emperor Xiaoxuan gathered all the Confucian scholars in Shiqu Pavilion, and Emperor Xiaozhang convened all the scholars in the White Tiger Temple, and interpreted the scriptures, which is a great cause of civil and military affairs, and should be observed. As for the general small ability and small goodness, although there are also merits, Confucius believed that if you use it to do great things, it will be hindered. Therefore, a gentleman should be determined to do great things.

The duty of the county magistrate is to govern the people, and they should all work diligently. If you do good deeds for the people, you can count them as meritorious. Rewards and punishments should be clear, and most of those who are now in power have no ability to retire, and most of them are given the positions of councillor and langzhong. If they are talented, they should not be included in the redundant list, and if they are guilty, they should naturally be convicted. Is it true that there is no standard for admitting guilt and fearing trial, but instead asking for transfer and emulating each other? There is no such provision in the system of the first emperor's canon. It should be checked for authenticity and abolished.

The minister saw that many people were appointed as princes in the name of Xuanling filial piety. The minister heard that Emperor Xiaowen issued an edict to mourn for 36 days, although he was a king who inherited the throne, father and son, and ministers, who received the most important favor, they had to control their feelings, obey the edict, and dare not transgress. Now the hypocritical villain, who is not a flesh-and-blood relative, has no special kindness, and has no real Lu Shi, but shows grief and longing, what is the basis for this grief? They gathered next to the mausoleum, pretending to be filial piety, but their actions could not hide their hearts, and there was no basis in righteousness.

There are even outlaws hiding inside. When Queen Huan Si was sacrificing and ascending, there were thieves and wives in Dongjun who fled to filial piety, and they were pursued by their hometowns, so they confessed their crimes. Hypocrisy, messy, filth, and can't be said endlessly. Moreover, those who arrived first could be ordained, and later they were repatriated; Some are in the cemetery all the year round, but they missed it because they went back temporarily; Some employers are also favored. Strife and resentment, noisy and shouting on the road, unorthodox. Should the prince's officials choose virtuous people, and only those whose graves are ugly? Nothing could be more auspicious. They should be sent back to the fields and their hypocrisy and deception should be exposed. ”

After the book was delivered, Emperor Ling personally greeted the auspicious atmosphere in the northern suburbs and held the Biyong ceremony. He also issued an edict to change those who were appointed as princes in the name of Xuanling's filial piety to be reappointed as captains.

In July of the same year, Xia Yushangshu, the captain of Huwuhuan, asked for a crusade against Xianbei, and Tian Yan, the captain of Huqiang who was punished for his crimes, asked Emperor Ling to order him to crusade against Xianbei through Wang Fu, a regular servant, in order to atone for his crimes, and Wang Fu also agreed to send troops. Cai Yongshang dissuaded. But Emperor Ling didn't listen. In August, Emperor Ling sent Xia Yu, Tian Yan, Zang Min and the Southern Xiongnu Tu Teruo corpse to lead more than 10,000 cavalry to attack, but they were defeated by the adults of the three subordinate departments of the Xianbei leader Tan Shihuai, and suffered heavy losses.

In 178 A.D. (the first year of Guanghe), Emperor Ling set up the Hongdu Gate School, in which the portraits of Confucius and his seventy-two disciples were painted. The three princes of Xiazhaozhou County elected and recruited all students. Some served as assassins and guards. Some of them entered the court to serve as scholars and servants, and some even made marquis knights, and the scholars thought it was shameful to be with them. At that time, strange phenomena often occurred, and everyone was terrified. In July, Emperor Ling issued an edict to summon Cai Yong, Guanglu Doctor Yang Ci, Counselor Ma Riyan, Speaker Zhang Hua, and Taishi Lingshan to Jinshangmen and enter the Chongde Palace, and asked Cao Jie and Wang Fu to ask them about the disaster and the methods that should be taken to eliminate the change, and Cai Yong replied attentively.

Emperor Ling asked Cai Yong again: "Recently, a catastrophe has occurred. I don't know what the blame caused. The court was anxious, and I was also afraid. When I interviewed the ministers, I wanted to hear some advice, but they were all tight-lipped and refused to do their best. Because you have a profound foundation in learning, I specifically asked you that you should clarify the gains and losses and point out the main points of government. Don't be suspicious or fearful. All the answers are answered according to the scriptures. For secrecy, seal with a soap sac. ”

Cai Yong then thought that the interference of women and eunuchs in political affairs was one of the reasons for the strangeness, and impeached Taiwei for impeaching Zhang Hao, Guanglu Xun Weizhang, Changshui Captain Zhao Xuan, Tunqi Captain Gai Sheng and others for corruption and perversion of the law, and recommended Tingwei Guo Xi, Guanglu Doctor Qiao Xuan, and former Taiwei Liu Chong, thinking that they could consult the government and politics. Emperor Ling sighed very much after reading the recital. When he got up to go to the toilet, Cao Jie peeked at it from behind, and he leaked the whole content to the people left and right, causing the matter to leak. The people who thought that he should be deposed in Cai Yong's recital hated him very much. Attempted retaliation.

Before, Cai Yong was at odds with Situ Liu He, and Cai Yong's uncle, Wei Wei Cai Qian, had a bad relationship with the master Yang Qiu, who was the son-in-law of Cheng Huang. Cheng Huang asked people to write anonymous false accusations against Cai Yong and Cai Zhen several times for personal matters, but Liu He did not agree, so Cai Yong held a grudge. Determined to frame Cai Yong, Emperor Ling therefore issued an edict to Shangshu and summoned Cai Yong to question. Cai Yong Shangshu defended himself, but he and Cai Zhen were still sent to Luoyang Prison, and the relevant departments believed that the two should be abandoned from the city. Lu Qiang, the middle attendant, took pity on Cai Yong's innocence, so he pleaded with Emperor Ling for him, and Emperor Ling also remembered Cai Yong's previous words, so he issued an edict to save him from death, and his family was exiled to Shuofang, and he was not allowed to be exonerated by the pardon. Yang Qiu sent the assassin to assassinate Cai Yong, and the assassin was moved by Cai Yong's justice and was not used by Yang Qiu. Yang Qiu bribed the relevant officials to poison Cai Yong, but the bribed person instead told Cai Yong the news and asked him to be more vigilant. Cai Yong was therefore safe and sound, living in Anyang County, Wuyuan.

Cai Yong was in Dongguan before, and Lu Zhi, Han Shuo and others revised the "Dongguan Hanji", but he was exiled, so he did not have time to write it. Therefore, the ten meanings he wrote in the book are respectively the first and attached to the end of the book ("Yong Bei Biography" records the "Law Calendar", "Etiquette", "Willingness", "Suburban Ritual Meaning", "Astronomical Meaning", and "Che Costume Meaning"). Emperor Ling loved Cai Yong's talent, and just in the second year of amnesty, he pardoned Cai Yong and allowed him to return to his hometown, and Cai Yong lasted nine months from exile to pardon.

When Cai Yong was about to leave for the county, Wuyuan Taishou Wang Zhi saw him off. After drinking enough, Wang Zhi danced to persuade Cai Yong, but Cai Yong ignored him. Wang Zhi is the younger brother of Wang Fu, who was originally very arrogant, and he lost face and was ridiculed by the guests, so he scolded Cai Yong and said: "The criminals dare to insult me!" Cai Yong walked away. Wang Zhi hated him very much, so he secretly accused Cai Yong of reluctance and slander the court. Emperor Ling's favored people also framed him, Cai Yong was afraid that he would not be spared, so he fled to the rivers and seas, left the land of Wuhui, and relied on the Taishan Goat clan back and forth, and stayed in Wu for a total of twelve years.

In 189 A.D. (the sixth year of Zhongping), Emperor Ling died, Dong Zhuo was appointed as the secretary, specializing in court politics, heard about Cai Yong's fame, so he recruited him, Cai Yong said that he was sick and could not go. Dong Zhuo was furious and scolded: "I have the power to destroy the three clans, even if Cai Yong is proud, it is just a matter of turning his feet." He also urgently ordered the state and county to recruit Cai Yong to the mansion. Cai Yong had no choice but to respond to the order and was appointed as the acting sacrificial wine, which was very respected by Dong Zhuo. [33] He was also raised as a high rank, and successively served as the imperial history, the imperial history, and the Shangshu, and within three days, traversed three Taiwans. He was also promoted to the Taishou of Bajun and was retained as a servant.

In 190 A.D. (the first year of Chuping), Cai Yong was worshiped as the general of Zuo Zhonglang, followed Emperor Xian to move the capital to Chang'an, and was named the Marquis of Gaoyang. Dong Zhuo's guests and subordinates wanted the court to respect Dong Zhuo and call him a father compared to the prince. Dong Zhuo asked Cai Yong's opinion, and Cai Yong said: "Taigong Fu Zhou, he was ordered to destroy the merchants, so he was specially named Taigong." Although your virtue is high now, compared to Father Shang, I don't think it's good. Wait until the Kanto region is pacified and His Majesty returns to the old capital, and then the matter will be discussed. Dong Zhuo listened to him. (To be continued......)