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The bank's affairs came to an end, and Geng Jingzhong and Li Guangdiyou immediately began to work on several other important things. This first thing is the first step to prepare for the start of peaceful land reform, clearing the land!

Geng Jingzhong has been preparing for the peaceful land reform for a long time, and after preparing for so long, it is time to start implementing it. This matter is relatively large, and it cannot be done in a hurry, so a series of decrees issued by the palace were first conveyed through the Fujian Governor's Palace, of course, this was borrowed from the name of the government.

The first thing to do is to clear the land and rebuild the fish scale book. The whole province of Fujian Province should have started to clear the land in a comprehensive way a long time ago, but there are many of the land that are black households and have avoided the government's taxes. Now this move of his own is ostensibly helping the imperial court, but in essence, he is preparing for the next move!

Sure enough, as soon as this decree was issued, it immediately caused a lot of complaints, and the wealthy families of the officials who owned a lot of land were all opposed. In fact, when the imperial court wanted to reclaim the land, it would be opposed by many people, because it was the bureaucracy, for no other reason, because the bureaucracy was often the main member who occupied the land, and the land was damaged by their actual interests. Therefore, officials who advocate land clearance often become the target of public criticism, and even fail to die well.

But this is Fujian, and the power of the imperial court is very weak, ostensibly it is an order issued by the governor's palace, but in fact, the palace and the governor's palace jointly sent people to investigate. The people who really got their hands on the land are all students of the Future School. They studied surveying and mapping for so long. Measuring the land is a piece of cake. Geng Jingzhong knew that the landlord family below would have small moves. In order to protect the safety of these students, Geng Jingzhong ordered the guards of the Marine Corps to protect them. In this way, whoever has the action to do it in private, Geng Jingzhong ordered, and there is no need to be polite.

For the few big families who are very close to the Hungry King's Mansion, they have already gotten the news. For example, the Gu family and the Wang family in Fuzhou City, as a family, must have a lot of land at home. But considering the profits of sea trade, some land doesn't care, anyway, there is not much land for black households. With these families taking the lead, there is nothing else to be done about other opponents. Although there are also a few official eunuchs who insist on holding on, they still think that their families have some power, so they refuse to cooperate with the students who check the land, and some people pick out the part-time students. The Marine Army, who was the guard, was not polite, and those who did not cooperate immediately found fault with the whole family and sealed it up, and the one who beat people was imprisoned and thrown to the mine to work as coolies. These landlord families. If you can survive, there are actually a lot of unsavory things under your ass. The Ministry of Intelligence had already filed a record with them, and they took it out easily, and after killing a few chickens, the monkeys were really scared, and they all cooperated honestly.

The government is not seizing land, but ascertaining the amount of land as the basis for future tax collection, so as to make the distribution of taxes as fair and reasonable as possible. For some land that is really indistinguishable from the ownership of the land, the royal government will immediately come forward to buy the excess land that has been verified, and prepare to distribute it to the landless people during the official land reform. Of course, clearing the land is a long-term job, and it cannot be completed in a few months, and Geng Jingzhong does not have much time to take care of it, but the newly established land department under the command of the palace will pay the specific responsibility, and let Li Guangdi focus on it, and at the same time let the supervision department closely monitor whether there is any malpractice in the process of clearing the land.

As soon as this thing is done, the second thing can be carried out immediately after. The royal government came to pay for the purchase of a large number of landowners' land, so that the land could be distributed to the landless people. It is estimated that this matter will not be difficult, for those big families, although land is important, but sea trade is even more important. In fact, Geng Jingzhong has already thought about it, he is ready to exchange the land of Luzon Island with them, there is no problem in exchanging one acre for two acres, as long as the problem here in Fujian can be solved, it doesn't matter how much land Luzon Island pays. In the future, the whole of the South Seas and even further away will be their territory, and land is really not a rare object!

The second important thing is the promulgation of a commercial tax! Wu Sangui collects taxes in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, Shang Zhixin collects taxes in Guangdong, and he has not collected additional taxes in Fujian until now, and what he is going to collect is a commercial tax, and the tax is collected by merchants, not ordinary people, and he will not collect taxes from ordinary people.

In fact, the actual commercial tax on the part of the imperial court was not high, and the Qing court followed the system of the former Ming Dynasty, and set a tax rate of 30 and 1. However, in actual operation, each locality has its own tax customs, with a wide variety of names and tax cards, almost to the point of plucking the feathers of geese. Therefore, ordinary businessmen could not afford such heavy taxation at all, so they could only find officials to rely on, forming a situation of combining government and business. But with the backing of officials, businessmen dared to refuse to pay even normal taxes, and as a result, they went to the other extreme.

Therefore, the policy issued by the royal government is to first prohibit the private establishment of tax cards in various parts of Fujian Province, and the goods entering Fujian Province only need to pay the import tariff once, and they can pass through the province unimpeded, but no matter what background the businessman has, the tariff must be paid, and it must not be reduced or reduced. The same is true for the goods exported to the outside world, and at the same time, the goods are subdivided, so that various types of goods have their own tax standards, and many behaviors that can be done in the implementation of the club are also exempted.

If this regulation had been placed in the past, the sudden implementation would have caused chaos, but the two ports were under the control of the Mawei Army, that is, under the control of the royal palace, and most of the merchants with foreign trade did not dare to say a word, of course, they had opinions in their hearts. However, Geng Jingzhong had long encouraged private capital in Fujian to set up factories and invest in industry, and the businessmen who had received a lot of benefits did not resent them even if they had opinions.

In ancient China, merchants were almost always separated from production. The production of goods is basically done by the craftsmen in the household unit, and the role of the merchant is to buy the products from the craftsmen at a low price, and then transfer them to other places to sell at a high price. Therefore, the vast majority of merchants in China belong to the circulation type of merchants. In this way, no one will think about how to improve production technology, improve production methods, and reduce production costs, and what merchants do is to desperately lower the price of purchased products. The handicraftsmen who are based on the family unit are weak because of their strength. It's impossible to fight the merchants. can only be willing to be narrowed and exploited by businessmen. As a result, China's social production has always been dominated by a small-scale peasant economy, and it is impossible to completely separate handicraft industry from agriculture and form large-scale socialized handicraft production, that is, the development of capitalism. As a result, China's business practices have never been able to destroy the smallholder economy and raise China's social productivity to a new stage.

On the other hand, of course, because large-scale socialized handicraft production means the emergence of big factories and big enterprises. This is why the rulers of the past generations did not want to see the situation of "gathering people", so the scene of gathering a large number of craftsmen to work together can generally only appear in the government-run or government-backed production workshops. The current Qing court also stipulated that gatherings of more than 30 people should be reported to the government, and in such a situation, it was impossible to complete the revolution of the social division of labor and the complete separation of handicrafts and agriculture elsewhere. But this question does not exist in Fujian, this is what Geng Jingzhong raised, who dares to say more?

Since the circulation merchants do not have their own industries, they also lack the concept of right and wrong in the overall situation. This has led to the concept that if they have milk, they will not hesitate to buy China's materials to hostile forces. In order to earn huge profits, and when encountering foreign invasions, they are often the first to take refuge in foreign enemies, and now the so-called eight imperial merchants of Shanxi, as well as a group of comprador businessmen in the later Republic of China period are typical representatives.

Geng Jingzhong had long wanted to do his best to change this situation, so he encouraged the opening of factories a few years ago. Indeed, many merchants, both local and foreign, have opened many large-scale handicraft factories, and the power of the people has been mobilized!

These factories are the big taxpayers, but Geng Jingzhong definitely doesn't want to do his best to catch fish, and these handicraft factories must be reduced or exempted from taxes, of course, it also depends on what kind of factory it is and what the scale is!

There is another important content of the commercial tax promulgated this time, that is, customs tax, which is linked to the General Administration of Customs. Although the General Administration of Customs has not yet been formally established, it is almost complete, and it must be officially put into operation soon after the implementation of the commercial tax. Customs revenue will be an important source of tax revenue for Geng Jingzhong in the future, the current trade routes in Manila, the trade routes of the Japanese country are in full swing, so the establishment of the customs, sooner rather than later!

In fact, the customs was not as complicated as imagined, and there were similar organizations in the Song and Ming dynasties, of course, at that time it was called the City Parking Division. The focus of the customs is two, one is to formulate the tax collection standards of various commodities, the more detailed and clear the classification, the better, you can reduce the operation space of the staff in the operation, and the other is to strengthen supervision. The first point is not difficult, because the classification of goods has already been refined at the time of tariff collection, and it can be gradually improved in the future.

And for the second point, there is some trouble, customs has always been a breeding ground for corruption. The main place of corrupt behavior, but also rotten. Corrupt behavior is often group corruption. Defeated, once found out, it is basically the entire customs nest of ends, and the control of zhì corruption. There are no more than three ways to defeat behavior: the implementation of rotation profits, every three years; There is also to improve the system and leave as few gaps as possible; The other is to strengthen supervision and once corruption is detected. Corrupt behavior will be severely punished. Of course, once the customs is established, there is another important task, that is, to crack down on smuggling at sea, and this task will also be completed by the Mawei Navy.

Two major events were underway, and Geng Jingzhong walked out of the palace, and he hadn't seen what the development bank of Xincheng looked like.

In fact, banks are financial institutions that undertake credit intermediaries, and they are the inevitable products of the development of the commodity and monetary economy to a certain stage, and they are also closely related to the development of the monetary and commodity economy.

The world's first bank of modern significance was the Bank of Venice, which was established in 1580, and at the same time, there was also a trust and exchange institution in China, which mainly provided credit services for long-distance trade, and used it to attract money and lend money, and it was not until the Qing Dynasty that the ticket number appeared. However, neither the money bank nor the ticket number eventually developed into a bank in the modern sense, and a very important reason is that it did not invest in the state, that is, it did not provide loans for the state's heavy activities, and it did not have the right to issue money backed by state taxes granted by the state, and there was no right to issue money, and it could not be called a real bank.

Geng Jingzhong does not know much about the historical development of banks, but there is a little bit of clarity that European banks played a very important role in the expansion of Europe, they provided loans for the state's war acts, and the state, in turn, used taxes as collateral to give banks the power to issue money, so that the banks actually became the creditors of the state, and had absolute power to influence the country's politics. Therefore, Europe's overseas expansion is ostensibly to obtain trade, but in fact, banks want to make their own investment projects profitable, and if the goal of income is not achieved, the banks will use their influence to let the state intervene in it, and elevate commercial behavior to the political behavior of the state, so that the bank-company-state integration, which is why in modern Western countries will come out to fight for their own national corporate interests, while Chinese businessmen can only fight alone overseas. Substantive reasons for not receiving support from the State.

Geng Jingzhong, of course, intends to take the road of a modern state in his sphere of influence, so letting the commercial activities of banks influence national politics is essentially the only way to move towards a modern state, although this is a long process, but the establishment of a bank in the modern sense is the beginning of this step. Of course, it is impossible for Geng Jingzhong to explain these truths to others. The so-called bank, in fact, is a money bank with a different name, although some details are different, but the general business idea is the same, nothing more than to absorb the idle funds of the people, in the form of loans to people who need money, or act as a payment intermediary, by earning intermediary fees from it, to put it bluntly, it is to use money to make money.

Geng Jingzhong does not intend to let the bank rush to issue currency at present, and first do a good job in the work of the bank, and then slowly talk about the other operations of course, and hand them over to Miao Quanchen to pay the responsibility, and Miao Quanchen will also be famous in Fujian as the first president of the Fujian Development Bank. (To be continued......)