Because it was raining in the air, the smoke in the tall chimney seemed a little "heavy", so that the air was filled with a yellow, orange, orange, suffocating smoke. In the semi-circular, filthy window openings of the steel mills, countless pulleys and conveyor belts can be seen spinning, and pig iron lathes moving, drilling, planing, and polishing steel and copper. The vertical disc of the molding machine is constantly turning. The crane's axle frame sped through the air, flying into the darkness.

Dozens of tons of molten steel are poured into the mold, and after being condensed and cooled, they are transported to the forging workshop, where a huge steam hammer is beaten, so that the ground is shaken, this is an eighty-ton steam hammer, which is introduced from the French Schneider company, which is also a behemoth in the steam hammer, which can be used to produce all kinds of steel ingots and steel plates.

With the deafening roar of the steam hammer, a fiery steel ingot is being forged, but it is just a steel plate - a steel plate up to 360 centimeters thick, and its internal structure becomes denser after the forging of the steam hammer, similar to the extra-thick steel plate up to several meters long, in another workshop, ten pieces have been produced, unlike other workshops in the steel plant, this workshop does not have too many complex equipment, only a large square box made of steel and a few cranes, But in fact, most of the facilities in this workshop were designed by Tang Haoran himself.

This is the carburizing workshop of the Incheon Iron and Steel Plant, although Tang Haoran had originally pinned his hopes on carburized steel, using this battleship-era steel plate as a stepping stone to open the international metallurgical market, of course, what will be sold will only be the carburized steel patent. The £5 per tonne royalty will make millions of pounds in windfall profits over the next two decades. But "equipment" constrained the invention of carburized steel. He had to design a series of equipment such as carburizing furnaces and quenching furnaces to meet the needs of producing carburizing steel.

Just when he was studying the required equipment step by step, a paper on metal carburizing a month ago dispelled his idea of selling patents to Europe, and now he can only fight for himself not to pay "patent fees". Many people can't understand the importance that European countries attach to the patent system in this era.

In later generations, some so-called scholars said that the United States is a copycat country and Germany is a copycat country, but they ignore one point, they only copycat products. Such as the American copycat and improved the British weaving machine, the German counterfeit Sheffield scissors and knives. It seems that because of this, they feel that European countries in this era do not attach importance to patented technology at all, and even think that there are no patents.

Ignoring the fact that at the end of the 19th century, as recorded in secondary school history books, the Testo government actively encouraged "technology acceptance". From 1886 to 1890, six German companies purchased 948 British patents and significantly raised the quality standards of their products, successfully seizing a monopoly on the synthetic industry in the world market from the British.

This kind of technology patent is the core of the patent, and it is also the most important thing in this era, and any mechanical product has the problem of being copied. But there are some things that can't be replicated, at least until the technology is cracked. Patent protection in European countries. Based on the protection of domestic industries, many international conventions need to be mutually respected in order to be maintained, and if they unscrupulously infringe on the patents of other countries, their own patents will also be infringed by other countries.

In the case of carburizing steel, even after the end of World War I, many steel companies in the United States and France paid huge royalties to Krupp. At the Paris Peace Conference, the biggest exploitation of Germany by the Entente countries was not even a huge amount of reparations, but the gratuitous transfer of tens of thousands of patents.

The importance attached to patents in Europe and the United States is not something that later generations of Chinese people can understand, and it is precisely this incomprehension that makes many people not understand that the patent system is the key to the huge difference between modern China and Europe in terms of knowledge accumulation and technological progress, and then to the industrial revolution in Europe rather than China.

As a metallurgical engineer, Tang Haoran naturally knows the importance of patents, just like the hundreds of patents handed over to Wu Yuming to bring to the UK, and those patent authorizations are enough to ensure that many of the company's products enjoy a certain "monopoly".

As for the steel carburizing patent, it is just one of them, compared to the carburizing of steel, Tang Haoran is more important to his own "development" of dozens of low-alloy high-strength steels in the steel workshop of the Machinery and Steel Bureau, just like the twelve types of shipbuilding steel from 1 to 12, which will be the basis for the Incheon Iron and Steel Plant to open up the steel for ships. Even the 360 mm steel plate, which will be used for carburizing tests, is one of the grades.

"According to laboratory tests, the hardness of the base material of No. 12 armor steel is 250-280 HB, the tensile strength of the base material is 850-900 MPa, the yield strength of the base material is 550-600 MPa, and if it is carburized, then the surface hardness can be as high as 670-720 HB......"

When the red homogeneous armor steel plate was hoisted to the carburizing furnace, Tang Haoran explained to more than a dozen metallurgical students of the college's engineering department around him that these students had studied metallurgical knowledge for ten months, and now they were studying at the college and practicing in the factory at the same time, and when they participated in the construction of the factory, they also acted as Tang Haoran's assistant to assist him in conducting experiments, after all, many tests could not be completed by one person.

For this kind of low-alloy steel plate, Tang Haoran naturally knows its performance, he is far better than the base material of the most famous KC armor in history, and even not inferior to the WH armor used in Germany during World War II, and it uses less alloy, the price is naturally relatively low, and now the only doubt is its carburizing effect, especially the decreasing carburizing depth, after all, the carburizing steel used for civilian use in a hundred years is far less than a fraction of the armor of warships.

"The process of carburizing is an extremely long process, and what we need now is to fully test and fully record the actual number ......."

According to the information I read in the university later, when carburizing at 850 degrees Celsius, for example, the thickness of the carburizing layer increased by 0.4 mm in the first hour. It increased by 0.13 mm in the second hour and 0.1 mm in the third hour, after which the rate of increase was gradually decreased, although there were some individual runouts, and after 8 hours, it was basically stable at the level of 0.05 mm/h. At 900 degrees Celsius, the carburizing layer thickness increased by 0.53 mm in the first hour, 0.23 mm in the second hour, 0.18 mm in the third hour, 0.13 mm in the fourth hour, and the average speed remained at 0.07 mm/h after 10 hours. It can be seen that even if gas carburizing is used for up to 2 weeks, that is, 336 hours, and the carburizing temperature is estimated at 1000 degrees Celsius, the thickness of the carburizing layer is 60 mm. According to the thickness of 50% of the carburizing layer, it will even take one or two months to complete the entire carburizing process, Tang Haoran naturally does not have time to stay here all day, and these students in front of him will undoubtedly be the only candidates for the experiment.

“…… The method of turning into gas is to mix carbonized gas such as C4H10, C3H8, CH4, etc. with air and send it into the furnace, and at a high temperature of 1000~1100C in the furnace, the hydrogen carbide reacts with air to generate the so-called gas, and the gas generated by the furnace has various names, which is conveniently called gas ...... here.

Zhao Yu wrote it down in his notebook while the adults explained the carburizing process, and occasionally he would turn his attention to the police at the door of the factory, according to the confidentiality regulations, they could not take a piece of paper from the factory, and all the notebooks needed to be put in the safe in the studio in the factory, but for Zhao Yu, he did not need a notebook, he believed that his memory could completely write down this qiē.

In spite of this, he will not violate the secrecy system, and especially will never talk about the various tests carried out in the factory in front of foreign teachers, which are the foundation of the factory's survival, and naturally there is no room for leakage, not to mention that this steel will also be used on the warships of the navy in the future, so as to change the situation of foreigners who are strong ships and guns.

When Zhao Yufu was thinking about it, the carburizing furnace was closed, and as the gas entered the carburizing furnace, the homogeneous armor steel in the furnace began the long carburizing process, while Tang Haoran continued to explain the carburizing process of the steel to the students, occasionally helping them explain some of the learning problems they encountered in class.

Two or three hours later, until after two metallurgical classes for those students, Tang Haoran did not leave the plant, when he walked out of the plant, breathing in the air with a faint smell of rotten eggs, his brows couldn't help but raise slightly, and after the end of this test, the foundation needed to build a warship was basically laid, compared to the history in another time and space, he at least laid a foundation for China's industry here, although this foundation is not stable, but at least a start, and a few more yearsWhen the SEZs have a complete range of industries and have initially absorbed the European and American technologies of the same era, the SEZs will be able to become the foundation of China's industrial construction in the future, and with this foundation as support, when the whole country recovers, it will be able to carry out large-scale industrial construction, and at that time, China's destiny will inevitably undergo fundamental changes......

Thinking of the changes in the future, the worries that had been suppressed in Tang Haoran's heart once again surfaced in his mind, how long will those people in Beijing give themselves? Again, the construction of Li Guangguang and Song Yuxin flashed in their hearts again -- stabbing a Lou Zi, stabbing a Lou Zi that others can't control, do they really want to implement those two moves, turn the two moves that were originally advanced in an orderly manner and reduce resistance as much as possible into a bad move, and finally maintain the situation in North Korea with an iron fist?

Thinking of this, Tang Haoran's brows furrowed again, staring at the black and yellow smoke, and couldn't help muttering on his lips.

"Is there any other option?"

(Ask for a commuter pass!) The Empire's Sunrise Reader Exchange Group: 150536833 welcome to join) (to be continued......)