Du Yande and the others operated the Gongnong-16 knapsack sprayer, spraying the disinfectant on the deck, cabin, and bottom of the ship several times, and in strict accordance with the requirements of the chief, they did not let go of an inch, and only after spraying did they unload the knapsack sprayer.

This kind of knapsack hydraulic sprayer carried by the operator and operated by the rocker pump is the most widely used and the largest production of a manual sprayer in China. In 1959, the domestic production of knapsack sprayers began with the model 58, and it was renamed the Gongnong-16 type in the late 60s.

It has a 16-litre tank and is made of thin iron sheets, which are lined with lead or spray paint, but are less resistant to corrosion. In the late 70s, some manufacturers switched the tank of this model to polyethylene.

According to the different fixing methods of the rocker fulcrum, the structure is also divided into two types: the fulcrum is embedded in the liquid medicine tank and the air chamber is moved to the depression at the back of the liquid medicine tank called 3WBS-16A type; The fulcrum fixed on the iron hoop is the 3WBS-16B type.

Huangshi bought 3WBS-16B this time, so it is very convenient to operate, so Du Yande They only learned three minutes, and they operated freely, of course, they also had to remember the chief's warning, when carrying the liquid medicine tank operation, the shaking rocker per minute should be between 18 and 25 times, and the operation should not be too bent over, to prevent the liquid medicine from spilling from the lid of the barrel and splashing on the body, which will cause harm.

Soon after putting the medicine tank at their feet, Du Yande and the others saw some cockroaches, bed bugs and the like crawling out of the cabin, and everyone hurriedly chased after them, ran over, and then crushed these little things to death on the ground with their feet.

"It doesn't look like it's going to work very well." Huang Shi shook his head, but not a single mouse came out, this result is really the same as what Qi Cabbage said, so let's deal with it according to the smoke disinfection method he suggested.

Then they saw that the chief had brought out several large clay pots, and in them half of them were bright yellow powder.

Du Yande lowered his head to see what it was, but there was a smell similar to rotten eggs, but it was more sour and disgusting, he quickly covered his mouth, took a few steps back, and took several deep breaths before suppressing the feeling of dizziness and vomiting.

"What's this?" Seeing Lao Du like this, several people next to him also hurriedly took a few steps back and put on the mask they had just taken off again.

"This is sulfur powder, do you know it?" After saying that, Huang Shi turned his head to look at them, which he also bought at the agricultural material store. At that time, when he saw these powders with a light yellow and brittle appearance, he didn't know that it was sulfur, and then he smelled the special smell of rotten eggs, and he didn't expect to ask casually, it was actually what he wanted.

……

Because sulfur is an important chemical raw material, its uses include explosives, steel pickling, pharmaceutical and food industry, safe stripping, water treatment, rubber, electrolysis industry, catalysts, pigments, chemicals, sulfur concrete, alcohols, adhesives, pesticides, etc.

For example, the fertilizer industry is the largest user of sulfur, and the consumption of sulfur is greatly affected by the production of phosphate fertilizers. Therefore, according to the owner of the agricultural material store, sulfur powder is available in even ordinary pharmacies, to be precise, in pharmacies that sell traditional Chinese medicine. If the use is special, you can also go to the relevant professional store to buy, for example, for chemical testing, you can go to the chemical reagent store, etc.

Huang Shi was very happy to be able to buy sulfur in an agricultural material store, but what really made him happy was another major discovery.

Because in ancient times, black powder was made by mixing earth nitrate, charcoal powder and sulfur powder. Charcoal powder can be prepared locally in the 16th century, and earth nitrate, also known as fire nitrate, is a raw material for making matches, gunpowder, fireworks, etc., but there is no mineral in the coastal areas of Fujian.

The explosion principle of black powder is that the oxygen released by the fire and nitrate makes the charcoal and sulfur burn violently, and instantly produces a large amount of heat and nitrogen, carbon dioxide and other gases. Due to the rapid expansion of the volume, the pressure increased violently, and an explosion occurred. It is estimated that about every 4g of black powder can produce 280L of gas when it is ignited and burned, and the volume can expand nearly 10,000 times. Because there is a K2S solid during the explosion, there is often a lot of smoke coming out, so it is named black powder, which also shows the importance of fire and nitrate.

Huangshi has found the distribution of soil and nitrate minerals in China, it should be said that China's soil and nitrate ore is not only complete, but also extremely rich in reserves, it is widely distributed in Qinghai, Sichuan, Hunan, Inner Mongolia, Yunnan, Tibet, Hubei, Jiangsu, Xinjiang, Anhui, Shanxi, Gansu, Shandong, Shaanxi and other 14 provinces and regions, but other provinces have none, or the output is very small and difficult to mine.

And this major discovery is that the finished product of soil nitrate in modern society is actually called potassium nitrate, which is actually sold in agricultural stores, and it is also sold wholesale in large packages, which really makes Huangshi ecstatic.

Later, it was known that it is an important industrial raw material and an important chlorine-free, nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer. About 75% of the potassium nitrate in the world is used in agriculture as foliar fertilizer for flowers, vegetables, fruit trees and other cash crops.

"This is industrial-grade potassium nitrate, 4,800 yuan a ton." The salesman of the agricultural material store saw that when Huang Shi was buying sulfur, he was actually interested in this white powdered potassium pinate, so he came over and sold him a handful.

"Okay, then bring me 2 tons of sulfur and 15 tons of potassium nitrate." Huang Shi thought about the best ratio of black powder, as if nitrate was 75%, sulfur was 10%, and charcoal was 15%, so he waved his hand and placed a big order with the agricultural material store without saying a word.

The clerk was taken aback, because few customers buy so many goods at once, 15 tons is equivalent to emptying the inventory in the store at once, maybe it is not enough, so he can only say sorry to Huangshi, saying that it may take two days to prepare the goods, and ask him if he can wait, Huangshi is not in a hurry to make black powder, he just wants to hoard these things over there, so he nodded and agreed.

When Huangshi didn't know that there was this soil nitrate in the agricultural material store, I once thought of using plant ash as raw materials to extract nitrate from the nitrate like other travelers in history, because after the organic matter in the soil was corrupted, nitric acid was generated by the action of nitrite bacteria and nitric acid bacteria. Nitric acid then combines with potassium, sodium, magnesium and other ions in the soil to form nitrate, which is how nitrate comes from nitrate.

Nitrate is generally found in toilets, pig and cattle pen houses, old walls in courtyards, cliff edges, caves and ground that is not easily washed by rainwater. However, the nitrate soil is moist, not easy to dry, and turns slightly purple red after being exposed to the sun.

Huang Shi still remembers that in a novel, because there is no miscanthus nitrate mine on the protagonist's territory, the protagonist can only use the soil method to produce soil nitrate, so he specially established a "divine toilet" envoy, and established a unified "Yasukuni divine toilet" in various places, calling on all patriots to make a small convenience on the small mound of the "divine toilet", and then extract this kind of chemical substance from it, which can be described as sweat and tears, extremely sad.

Fortunately, although there was no miscanthus mine on the coast of Fujian in the 16th century, because Huangshi had a gate of time and space, he could directly smuggle such cheap and sufficient raw materials from modern society, so he didn't have to be as hard as these protagonists.

……

It's just that although he bought potassium nitrate and sulfur powder, his research and development of black powder was delayed until he returned from Canada, landed on the island of Taiwan, and shipped several batches of immigrants from the mainland, because then he was abundant.

It's just that these things are all later, and on that day, when Huang Shi asked Du Yande if they recognized this thing, only a few people knew the role of this sulfur.

"Yande, do you know what this sulfur is for?"

Du Yande nodded and replied, "Chief, this sulfur is used to make gunpowder, and I have seen people burn it before. ”

It turned out that there was a saltpeter mine in the mountains near his guard, and the soldiers of their guard were often assigned there by thousands of households to supervise the miners in mining and making sulfur.

"It's just that I know that this thing is very dangerous, and if you are not careful when you make it, you will be poisoned and killed." Du Yande then added.

Huangshi "um" for a moment, this sulfur is a low-toxicity dangerous chemical, but its steam and sulfur dioxide produced after burning sulfur are highly toxic to the human body. It is usually inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin. Most of the excess sulfur entering the intestine will quickly oxidize into non-toxic thiosolates, such as sulfate or thiosulfate, which is excreted through the kidneys and intestines, while free hydrogen sulfide that is not oxidized will have a toxic effect on the body.

These free hydrogen sulfide is a strong neurotoxicant, which has obvious irritating effects on the gastrointestinal mucosa and respiratory tract, and the higher the concentration, the more obvious the systemic toxicity. Hydrogen sulfide binds to ferric iron in oxidized cytochrome oxidase, thereby inhibiting the activity of the enzyme, causing obstacles in the redox process in tissue cells, causing intracellular asphyxia and tissue hypoxia, manifested as central nervous system symptoms and asphyxia symptoms.

Therefore, when those miners in ancient times were producing these sulfurs, where would they take protective measures like modern society, so there were frequent poisoning and even death, which is conceivable.

"Chief, we've brought all the chaff." At this time, Wu Nanhai and several of them ran back from the camp, each carrying a big bag of things, it turned out that they were called by Huangshi in front of them, and went to the camp farm to load some chaff.

So Huang Shi instructed, "Okay, then let's mix this sulfur with the chaff, and operate according to the ratio of the chaff is 2 and the sulfur is 1." ”

When the sulphur and chaff were poured out on the ground, stirred in that proportion, they were put into clay pots one by one.

After placing the clay pots in various parts of the ship's hull, Yellowstone said loudly, "Ignite the fire!" ”