Chu Jun's question has always been sensitive, and Chen Xie's cautious appearance on this issue can be fully understood by Zhu Youzhen. In the dispute over the great gifts of the year, the monarchs and ministers reached the point of tearing their faces. Chen Xie didn't want to say anything on this issue, just mentioning that it was not appropriate for Chujun to educate him, and it was still a more appropriate yardstick. But when it comes to what to do, it's hard to talk nonsense.

Zhu Youzhen didn't say anything, but beckoned to the eunuch Wang Chengen, whispered a few words, and then smiled: "Sihua, wait." ”

After a while, Wang Chengen led a young man in, Chen Xie stood up immediately when he saw it, and Zhu Youzhen also stood up and said with a smile: "Prince, come and see Mr. Sihua." Chen Xie was shocked by these words, and hurriedly waved his hand and said, "Your Majesty, I'm afraid that I don't have much time to stay in Jingshi." Zhu Youzhen waved his hand and said: "Don't get in the way, you can exchange letters in the future." I thought that even if I learned a little skill from Aiqing, I could make the prince benefit a lot. Chen Xie really didn't dare to accept this sentence, and was about to speak, Zhu Youzhen had already beckoned the prince to come forward and said: "Prince, this is Mr. Chen Sihua, the first person in today's Daming Wentaowu Strategy, you remember what I said, as long as Mr. Sihua is in one day, the Ming Dynasty will be as stable as Mount Tai." Come up and salute. ”

When Chen Xie heard this, he couldn't help but make a gesture, and hurriedly bowed deeply, and arched his hand: "I dare not be ashamed." Zhu Youzhen didn't give him a chance to refuse at all, and directly asked the prince to come forward to salute. Zhu Cihong stepped forward and bowed his hand: "I've seen Mr." Chen Xie had no choice but to bow sideways, and said with a bitter smile: "Your Majesty, the minister can only say that he will try his best to teach the prince in the future." ”

Zhu Cihong looked at Chen Xie curiously, uh, also a brother-in-law. He had been living in the Chung Cui Palace, and the issue of education was not taken seriously until he was eight years old, and he began formal education at the age of eight, somewhat late. However, the emperor of the middle and late Ming Dynasty. It's almost nothing too high. It can be said that the imperial education of the Ming Dynasty was really a failure.

Zhu Youzhen smiled when he saw it: "Since you are here today, let's take a lesson first, right here." "Is this going to test Chen Xie? No, Zhu Youzhen is just curious about how Chen Xie will educate the prince. The eunuch brought a chair for the crown prince Zhu Cihong to sit down. Chen Xie sat on the side, and Zhu Youzhen sat on the side and smiled.

Chen Xie groaned slightly, a few thoughts turned in his mind, and finally spoke: "Your Royal Highness the Prince, since Your Majesty has entrusted you with a heavy responsibility, you must do your best as a courtier." Today is the first lesson, and the minister will talk about two things. As a future monarch, you don't have to know everything. But there is one thing you have to understand, and that is the human heart. That's the first thing I'm going to talk about today. The basic element of the king zhì the first one, the human heart. As the saying goes, people's hearts are separated from their stomachs, and even if a person gets along day and night, he may not be able to know what he thinks in the next moment. How do you determine what is going on in a person's heart? The minister's experience sues me for the word "interest" only. A person, don't just listen to what he says, but see what he does. See who the ultimate benefit of what he does. Here's an example. The minister was appointed governor of the three provinces and implemented a new commercial tax system. Before that. Most of the ministers were opposed to the new commercial tax system, and even demanded that no commercial tax be levied. So what kind of interests are there? In fact, it is not difficult to figure out this relationship of interests. The state needs to collect taxes to do many things, such as disaster relief, running schools, ministers' salaries, using soldiers, etc., and these things require a lot of silver to ensure smooth progress. The commercial tax was levied, and the treasury was sufficient. There is money to be done, this is the national interest, and as a prince, you can also see it as your own interest. So look at the naysayers again, why oppose it? Just go check it out. It's just a matter of who is doing business. To cite another example, when Ye Taishan was supplemented, he strongly opposed the opening of the sea. Why? The reason is actually very simple, interests. Although the Ming Dynasty is forbidden by sea, but there is a large number of smuggling behaviors, smuggling is not required to pay taxes, Ye Taishan (Xiang Gao) is a native of Fujian, and at that time there were many people smuggling in Fujian, and the Ye family was one of the maritime merchants. In this way, His Highness should understand the reason, right? ”

When Zhu Cihong heard this, he couldn't help but ask: "Sir, isn't that knowing the law and breaking the law?" Chen Xie nodded and said, "That's right, that's the truth." The problem is that he has the power in his hands, and the local officials, in order to curry favor, do not care about smuggling at sea. In this way, the huge benefits brought by maritime trade can only be obtained by some people. This is a typical example of the conflict between personal family interests and national interests, and on this issue, Ye Xianggao's position stands above the family interests. ”

Zhu Cihong nodded thoughtfully, and Chen Xie smiled slightly: "Okay, this question, you go back and think about it slowly, let's talk about the next thing." The second thing that the minister wants to say is the foundation of the country's prosperity and stability. Before that, we must first clarify a question, what kind of country is Daming? My answer is that the Ming Dynasty was an agrarian country with a centralized monarchy. In fact, more than 2,000 years ago, Chinese civilization entered an era dominated by agricultural civilization, which has continued to this day, during which the dynasty has been constantly changed. Please ask Your Highness to think about a question, the core force of any change of dynasty will always be those at the bottom of this society. In any dynasty, as long as the flat-headed grass people do not rise up, it will be difficult for anyone to shake the rule of this dynasty. In other words, only when the common people can't survive, a dynasty is on the verge of extinction. So, now let's go back to the previous question, what is the standard of national prosperity and stability? The answer is clear, it is the common people, not the scholarly class. In other words, His Highness should use the scholar class as a helper in the governance of the country, relying on them, but not indulging them. Excessive indulgence will lead to courtiers like Ye Xianggao, who put their personal interests above the interests of the country. His Highness must pay attention to a phenomenon that those ministers who are full of moral articles are probably fighting for the interests of him or his family when they tell His Highness what to do. For example, oppose commercial taxes, oppose clearing acres of land, and oppose opening up the sea. Please remember the words of the minister, there is no end to man. The two hundred years of the Ming Dynasty are not generous. But once they indulge the Shi class, they will not hesitate to dig the wall of the Ming Empire for their personal interests. On this issue, Taizu has a very clear understanding, so he is not merciless in killing corrupt officials. ”

Speaking of this, Zhu Youzhen's beauty rose, and his eyes flashed with brilliance. Chen Xie looked at the crown prince Zhu Cihong, who was trying to make a calm state, and secretly felt interesting in his heart. A child is a child, he looked very calm at this time, and the flickering of his eyes betrayed his mood. Chen Xie smiled and continued: "The two things are actually closely linked. His Royal Highness needs the gentry to help govern the whole country, and at the same time, he needs to think about the survival of the ordinary people of this country. How to grasp this degree depends on His Highness's personal grasp of the direction of the country's interests. ”

At this time, Zhu Youzhen suddenly interjected: "Aiqing, the civil uprisings over the years, according to you, are natural disasters, too." Chen Xie nodded and said, "Returning to His Majesty is the most important thing." To give a simple example, the drought and locust plague in Henan Province caused the government to provide no relief, and the people had no food, so they could only take risks. On the surface, it seems that the imperial court has no money to help, and at a deeper level, it is necessary to see the problem of land annexation in the Ming Dynasty. Ordinary people not only have to pay land taxes, but also have to bear forced labor. And a large number of land acquisitions, in turn, led to a decrease in the number of land endowments. This is what the gentry said about digging the corners of the Ming country. These people usually do not have to bear the burden of forced labor and taxes, but in the end, natural disasters and the people have no food, and they will not take the initiative to give a grain of grain to help the people. ”

Zhu Youzhen nodded again and again, thinking deeply, Chen Xie continued: "Please pay attention to a problem, once there is a natural disaster, the ministers will not say anything about the gentry taking the initiative to help, but will explain in the direction of the monarch's immorality. If the minister hadn't read history, he would probably have believed them. During the reign of the wise monarchs of all dynasties, were there no natural disasters? The rule of Wenjing, the rule of Zhenguan, the prosperity of the Kaiyuan Dynasty, Song Renzong, etc., which one had fewer natural disasters during his reign? Natural disasters are actually not terrible, they are terrible. In the Ming Dynasty's civil uprising, natural disasters were just a trigger, and they were the main reason for the uncontrollable state of affairs. ”

Speaking of this, Chen Xie turned his head to Zhu Cihong and said: "The two things I talked about today are not to ask His Highness to stand on the opposite side of the ministers, but to ask His Highness to remember how to grasp the degree of treatment of the courtiers. And the standard of this degree is that the people must have a bite to eat. During the Hongwu period, the population was 59 million, and the current population is nearly 20,000, and the land annexation has accumulated too much to return, and the contradiction between population increase and land constancy is irreconcilable. How do you get the people to eat? Pure court relief is not advisable, this is the main reason for the emigration of ministers to Liaodong. The minister will not only immigrate to Liaodong, but also to Nanyang in the future. The premise of this qiē is that the country has enough financial resources to build a strong army for external expansion, seize living space for the people, and lay a foundation for the Ming Dynasty for eternity. Another point is that immigration is just an expedient measure, and on the issue of how to let the people eat, the state should also take the initiative to guide the people and make a fuss about the issue of increasing grain yields. It is necessary to encourage the progress and development of agronomy and encourage the introduction of foreign seeds with high yields. This world is very big, and Tessie's sea ship has sailed to Daming to do business. Many places are still barbaric areas, and if the Ming Dynasty does not take it now, it will inevitably suffer retribution in the future. There is also the sea, and His Highness should encourage the people to go into the sea and ask for food and resources from the sea. Chen: This is just a rough idea, and we can talk about it slowly in the future. (To be continued!)

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