Chapter 396 Chapter 395 There was no three-pack policy in ancient times
In the end, after Huangshi returned to Dongluo Island, he also forgot about the stubble that he wanted to change his name, and directly dragged a few boxes of uniforms to An Ruyi and them, let them enter the warehouse, and then distribute them according to the size list provided by Zeng Youyi.
When the dozens of women's volleyball teams were in front of the warehouse, waiting to claim their clothes, several small houses had been built with a few wooden poles and planks in the warehouse.
"This is a temporary fitting room for you, which is a place to change clothes here after you have received your clothes." After Huang Shi invited Wang Luobin, who had been working just now, away, he said to Hong'er and Ling'er.
Hong'er was a little strange, why didn't the chief let them take these clothes and go back to their residence to change.
I heard Huang Shi explain again, "Because when you try on these clothes, you should pay attention to whether there are broken threads, and whether your size is correct, if not, I can return them." ”
"Ah, can you still return it?" Obviously, this is beyond the expectations of Hong'er and Ling'er, and they didn't expect the "garment factory" that the chief said was so easy to talk about.
"Hehe, of course you can, just like your ready-to-wear shop, you can repair, replace, and return." Huang Shi laughed, in ancient China, the service industry was actually quite developed, in addition to the grocery stores, inns, teahouses, taverns, green houses, casinos that everyone can generally think of, there are also some more out-of-the-way industries, such as ready-to-wear shops now called "brand fashion stores".
When it comes to the service industry in ancient times, it started more than 4,000 years ago, and it is recorded in the "Zhou Li-Dongguan Examination Work Record". "Craftsmen camp country, square nine miles, next to the three gates, nine longitudes and nine latitudes in the country, nine tracks of warp painting, left ancestors and right societies, facing the back of the city, the city of a husband."
It means that the construction of the city, should be square, nine miles on each side, there are three city gates on the four sides of the city wall, there are nine straight streets and nine horizontal streets in the city, the width of the street is nine times that of the track, the imperial city lives in the city, there is an ancestral temple on the left side of the imperial city, the right side is the altar of Sheji, the front part of the imperial city is the imperial court organ, the back is the commercial market part, and each side of the court and the city is a hundred steps wide.
The "city" mentioned above is the place of early commercial transactions, from which it can be seen that in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, there were already professional merchants engaged in commercial activities; In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, large commercial cities such as Luoyang and Handan and large merchants on the rich side appeared.
In the Tang Dynasty poet Bai Juyi's "Pipa Xing", there is also such a poem: "The car and horses are sparse in front of the door, and the boss marries a merchant woman." The businessman valued profit over parting, and Fuliang bought tea the month before. It can be seen that the Tang Dynasty already called people who were engaged in business merchants, and of course there was another reason for the name "merchant".
The second dynasty in Chinese history, the Shang Dynasty, also known as Yin or Yin Shang, was a slave state and the first dynasty in China to have a written record of its direct contemporaneity. With the continuous increase in productivity, the commercial trade of the Shang Dynasty also developed unprecedentedly, and the industrialization of water and land transportation and merchants specializing in the circulation and exchange of goods appeared. However, at that time, it was not called a merchant and did not have the name of a merchant.
Later, the Wu King of the Zhou State fell, and the Shang Dynasty fell. However, Zhou Gongdan was still not at ease with the remnants of the Shang Dynasty, and in order to eliminate the historical traces of the previous dynasty, he not only renamed the Dihe River, the main area of the Shang people's activities, to Zhanghe, but also concentrated the nobles of the Shang Dynasty in one place and strictly controlled them, and basically restricted the freedom of the remnants of the Shang Dynasty who were good at business and only allowed them to continue to do business.
These merchants who were centrally controlled by the remnants of the Shang Dynasty were collectively referred to as "merchants" in order to distinguish themselves from the Zhou people, which was clearly contemptuous and discriminatory. But over time, people gradually forgot the meaning of the merchant "untouchable" and became synonymous with the trader.
However, the most developed dynasty in ancient China was the Song Dynasty, which by many was probably one of the worst dynasties in Chinese history, and the word "weak Song" seems to put a final conclusion on the dynasty that ruled most or half of China for more than 300 years.
However, if we change our perspective and try to look at history according to another standard, not only looking at the "merits of the princes and generals", but also looking at the social and economic development, the lives of the people, and the country's financial revenue, perhaps the situation will be very different.
The country's fiscal revenue, the data of the Song Dynasty is very eye-catching, its annual fiscal revenue has reached up to 160 million guanwen, the general year in the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty can also reach 80 million to 90 million guanwen, even the Southern Song Dynasty, which lost half of the country, the fiscal revenue is as high as 100 million guanwen.
As another dynasty that is often mentioned by many "Ming fans" on the Internet, that is, the Ming Dynasty, which also appeared in the "budding capitalism", in the 5th year of Longqing, that is, in 1571, the country's annual income was only 2.5 million taels of silver. In the 28th year of Wanli after Zhang Juzheng's reform, that is, in 1600, the annual income was only 4 million taels.
The difference between the data of these two dynasties is shocking, because if we consider that the general exchange rate of silver coins is 1 tael of silver is equal to 1 copper coin, then the financial revenue of the Ming Dynasty at this time is only less than a few tenths of that of the two Song Dynasty, which shows how weak this so-called "Son of Heaven guards the country, and the king dies in Sheji" dynasty.
In addition, the concept of "Shinong Industry and Commerce" was first seen in the notes of the literati of the Southern Song Dynasty, although "Shang" was ranked the last, but it was a kind of "recognition" that incorporated "commerce" into the four major industries. Unlike the Song Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty was full of "malice" towards "commerce" from the very beginning, first "emphasizing agriculture and suppressing commerce" or "emphasizing the foundation and suppressing the last", and then stipulating the low social level of merchants, and then strictly prohibiting private trade at sea, and the monopoly of salt and tea at the very end.
In terms of social and economic development and the lives of the people, the time and space gate of Huangshi was not opened to the Song Dynasty, so naturally he could not pass through Fuzhou Mansion as he had done before coming to Dongluo Island, and walked around the prosperous "Zhongting City", "Nantai Street", "Tanwei City" and "Xiadu Street", which was also an eye-opener.
In addition to the words in the history books, his understanding of the Song Dynasty can only be through Zhang Zeduan's "Qingming Riverside Map" in the Northern Song Dynasty, which is a great and hand-me-down picture scroll, which vividly records the urban appearance of Bianjing in the Northern Song Dynasty in the 12th century in China and the living conditions of people from all walks of life in the Han society at that time. It depicts the prosperity of the Qingming Dynasty at that time, which is a witness to the prosperity of Bianjing and a portrayal of the economic situation of the city in the Northern Song Dynasty.
In this part of the picture, people can see the scene of prosperous commerce and shops in Bianliang, Tokyo during the Northern Song Dynasty, and you can also see the depiction of product display and signboard advertising, which can be described as lifelike and immersive.
After passing the "Sun Yang Shop" in the painting, the two cars turned out of the back street and turned out of the main road. There is a street corner that reads "Wangjia Luo Ming Silk Shop", and the vertical sign reads "Wang Jia Luo Ming Silk Shop", and there are a few customers in the store, and the goods and abacus are faintly seen on the counter. Although the size of the shop was small, it also reflected the popularity of brocade silk trading at that time.
However, the retail store on the painting only sells fabrics, and the store that mainly sells finished clothing products should not have appeared in the Song Dynasty, after all, women at that time were instilled with "female red" education from an early age, and clothing was mainly self-made, and this form lasted until .......
It lasted until the Ming Dynasty, and from this time onwards, there was a "garment shop", that is, a garment industry that extended from the "cloth village" that sold clothes, which was similar to the modern clothing store, which was a one-stop service. In addition, there is a kind of "clothing appraisal shop", but it is not like a "ready-to-wear shop", it sells used clothes.
Wealthy people wear leftover or outdated clothes, and then send them to such shops that specialize in collecting and selling used clothes, and they then sell them to those who are struggling to make a profit and cannot afford to buy new clothes. When Huangshi was in Chengguan in Zhangcheng, when he wanted to order clothes for the small servants he bought, Zhou Mingrui mentioned at that time that the "pawn shop" also did a similar business of "appreciating clothes".
Hearing Huangshi mention the ready-to-wear shop, Ling'er nodded, although the "ready-to-wear shop" in this era is not like 500 years later, there is a three-pack policy, which can be repaired, replaced, and returned if there is a quality problem during the warranty period of the product, but if you want to come to the warranty repair, it is certain, as for the return, she thought about it, and felt as if which store would be so generous.
Hong'er had never been in the city, and naturally she had never seen a ready-to-wear shop, but as soon as she heard that these clothes could really be changed, she couldn't help but have stars in her eyes and asked, "Chief, can you change them at any time?" ”
"Of course not." Huang Shi hurriedly shook his head, and said in his heart that this must be explained clearly quickly, otherwise after they have cleaned it, they will go to Zeng Youyi to return the goods, and it is estimated that he will have to scold his mother.
Huang Shi also remembered the content of these three guarantees, so he said, "First, only within these seven days, those who have not been washed, and the size of the clothes do not match can be returned." ”
"And the second is that if you find that the thread on the clothing is open, or the color is wrong, it is broken, or there are oil stains on it, you can also return it."
The last one, Huang Shi thought for a while and didn't say it again, it turned out to be "within seven days after purchase, the first normal washing found that the clothing was seriously decolorized and deformed, and it can be replaced after testing and confirmation." He believes that if this happens, then he and Zeng Youyi will have to return the whole batch of goods.