There is snow outside the window, snowflakes fall on the glass window, perhaps because the temperature relationship quickly melts, the glass window reflects the red inside, compared to the cold outside, the temperature in the factory is because of the kiln, tin furnace, as high as twenty or thirty degrees, although it is a cold winter, but the craftsmen in the factory are still wearing single clothes.

In the factory, holding a flattening shovel around the stall platform, the glass that has just been removed from the flattening furnace is quickly flattened, and in the busyness of the workers, a piece of flat glass is taken off the stall platform, this factory is a glass factory invested by the company, an annual output of only 1,000 tons, using the most common blowing tube spreading method in this era to produce flat glass for construction.

In 1891, in East Asia, whether it was the Qing Dynasty or Japan, the glass used was imported from Britain, the United States and Germany, and the annual demand was as high as thousands of tons.

In the face of the huge market of flat glass, Tang Haoran naturally will not miss it, not to mention that the investment in the flat glass factory is not large, and the profits are considerable, so as early as last year, it was regarded as a part of the "industrialization of the special zone". Because of its small investment and simple equipment, the glass factory became one of the first factories in the Special Economic Zone to be put into operation, and after it was put into operation in November last year, it added a glassware workshop at the end of the year to produce various glass products and glassware, and now it has only invested three months, and it has become the first enterprise to recover the investment cost of the company, and its products can not only meet the needs of the Special Economic Zone and the DPRK, but also rely on the convenience of the DPRK as China's internal customs to export to the treaty ports without paying customs duties. It is also because it is not a local goods that do not need to pay a penny and is sold in coastal trade ports, not only that. It was exported to Japan for the first time at the beginning of the year. This was the first time that the DPRK exported modern industrial products to Japan.

But for Tang Haoran. When he first came to the glass factory, he was full of curiosity about the production of flat glass, especially when he watched the workers spread out the fiery red glass on the stall platform with a flattening shovel and make it into flat glass.

"This production method is too backward!" ，

When he was in college, he had read the materials on the glass production process, and he had some understanding of flat glass production, and this semi-manual, semi-mechanical blow pipe spreading method is undoubtedly the most primitive production method. However, this exclamation was only issued from the bottom of my heart, and it was not spoken.

"Your Excellency. The factory's seven engineers and technicians are all hired from Germany, and the equipment, refractory materials and steel roof trusses for the construction of the main plant are all purchased from Germany. The chords of this steel roof truss are made of two small channels. The design drawings of the plant were also provided by German engineers, and similar German enterprises were almost moved to Incheon as they were! ”

As the manager of the glass factory, Feng Yulin, who graduated from the Shanghai Church School, although he never went to university, with his hobby of engineering and several years of work experience in foreign companies, he not only managed the factory, but also learned glass production technology from German technicians.

"The factory is equipped with a material furnace, an oven, a spreading furnace, etc. The fire power used in each furnace is emitted by the gas plant, and the gas pipe is opened in the center of the plant. It is made of holes, and it is connected to every furnace on all sides. To supply firepower, there is a live gate to close where it does not need fire. There is an engine to give power, which is used to press the raw materials into fine powder......"

The gas of the factory comes from the gas plant, and the gas plant is a part of the coking plant, and the coking plant is a part of the steel plant, often every industrial project is a complex supporting project, and when planning the industrial construction of Incheon, Tang Haoran did not encounter such a problem this time, in a blank to establish a modern industrial system, there are always too many problems to solve, if the industrial supporting problems are not solved, I am afraid that this glass factory needs to build another gas furnace.

It is precisely in this process of realizing the importance of establishing industrial supporting facilities that Tang Haoran fully realized the importance of industrial planning, and that reasonable industrial planning can not only speed up the development of industry, promote the construction of key projects, but also save investment to the greatest extent.

“…… The process is: use an iron blowing tube to probe into the furnace of the pool, take a small amount of Borui liquid, and turn the blowing tube after taking it out to make the liquid glass into a spherical shape. Replace the hemispherical iron plant and continue to rotate. There should be a little cold water in the iron borrower to reduce the temperature of the Borui liquid and make the spherical shape uniform. At the same time, the hot end of the blowpipe is cooled with water for easy handling. Then the blow pipe is probed into the furnace, and the second time can take the Borui liquid, as the previous operation, if it is many times, until the diameter of the ball formed by the Borui reaches about 20 cm, it is placed in the steam-shaped iron pick, and the lower end of the blowpipe is cooled with water, and the air is blown from the upper end, and rotates from time to time, so that the spherical shape gradually expands, becomes a cavitation, thin and uniform. If there is less cooling, it will be heated again in the oven to melt and soften, and then take out the furnace and hang it in a deep trough, and blow air from the upper end of the blowing tube, so that the glass bubble will grow larger and thinner, and fall to the ground due to gravity, becoming cylindrical. At this time, the thickness of the glass is not uniform, especially the bottom is thicker, but the glass cylinder has been cooled and solidified, and can not be blown again, then it is heated in the oven, and then taken out after melting and softening, swinging and rotating in the deep groove, and blowing at the same time to make the glass cylinder uniform and thin, if it is cooled, it will be re-entered the oven. If so, it will be several times, and finally become a glass cylinder with a thickness of more than two meters long. ”

After Feng Yulin explained the blowing tube spreading method, Tang Haoran, who had been silently observing the glass production process, had repeatedly connected the glass production process he had seen in later generations with the current process in his mind, which would directly say the new process.

"Yushan, I have an idea, that is, the use of grooved bricks of the refractory body, is pressed into the viscous liquid glass, when it sinks to a sufficient depth, the liquid glass under the action of static pressure, along the lower hole wall of the groove brick rises, due to the surface tension and then forms a bit like an onion general roots, in the introduction machine, this introduction machine is a traction machine, there is an asbestos roller on it, and then under its traction, the viscous glass continues to rise, I think the glass body is cooled on both sides at the same time, the glass can be gradually cooled, Forming a certain width of the original glass plate, in this way, will it be faster and less expensive than the current process? ”

At this time, Tang Haoran introduced the slotted vertical introduction process in later generations, and the spring was the Belgian Emile in 1908? The invention of Falk was later called the "Falk method", which was a common process for manufacturing flat glass in the mid-to-early 20th century. Its disadvantages are that the edge is thick, the amount of cutting is small, the glass bar is deep, and the effective operation time is short. Under the conditions of constant cooling, depth of trough bricks and melting temperature, the leading speed is fast and the plate surface is thin; If the speed is slow, the plate surface will be thick, but this process method ensures that the width of the glass strip remains stable during molding.

Compared with the current blowing tube spreading method, its production cost is low and the production speed is fast, but because he only understands the corresponding written information, Tang Haoran can only express this process in words.

Although he just said an idea in a few words, Feng Yulin, who had been studying glass production technology for several months behind the German technician, first frowned and thought about it, and took out a notepad to draw a sketch on the paper, and soon he understood the adult's thoughts, and praised repeatedly.

"My lord, your method should be feasible, but I guess I have to think of a way with the machine qì bureau, after all, I am also a layman in machinery......"

In later generations, this method has been used for decades, how can it not be feasible, Tang Haoran, who knew that he was a layman in the machine, immediately agreed to his request.

"You can just contact the machine bureau directly, and now the machine bureau has added hundreds of equipment, and this research and production machine is his original job,"

Saying that, Tang Haoran changed the conversation again.

"Okay, let's see this in this factory, how about it, is the laboratory ready?"

The reason why Tang Haoran came to the glass factory this time was not to provide him with a new glass production method, this was just a temporary reminder, and the most important purpose of coming to the factory was to create an epoch-making invention.

"The bottle has an inner wall and an outer wall, the inner wall is like a mirror, coated with a layer of mercury, and between the two walls is like a light bulb, pumped into a vacuum......"

In the glass laboratory, Tang Haoran took the drawings and explained his ideas to the German technicians in the factory, which was a drawing of a double-layer bottle, yes, a thermos flask.

After getting used to seeing that every time he drank tea, he always thought of the hot water bottle of later generations, the principle of which is very simple - heat conduction and convection cannot be carried out in a vacuum, and the metal reflective layer plated can reflect heat radiation. Therefore, any liquid poured into the bottle can maintain its original temperature for a long time

Such a thermos flask was invented only the next year by the Englishman Dewar, but it was not until eleven years later that it was invented by the German glassmaker Reinhold? BOGE put it on the market and thus brought the dewar out of the family.

This small, seemingly inconspicuous thermos flask was welcomed by the market almost as soon as it was put on the market -- drinking hot water at any time became a reality for the first time, and it was widely welcomed not only in Europe and the United States, but also in China -- not only could they drink hot water at any time, but also saved a sum of money on firewood, and the Chinese people who were budget-conscious quickly accepted this foreign gadget.

The reason why it was not "invented" before could not be simpler, the glass factory did not have the corresponding equipment, but just last week, after the glass factory trial-made the first batch of light bulbs, Tang Haoran realized that it was time to bring this gadget with a big market to the market.

Just when a fiery red double-layer "bottle gall" was gradually blowing into shape, Su Yueyang hurriedly walked in from outside the test room and whispered beside Tang Haoran.

"My lord, Xinyu is back!"

(Thermos flask, this thing seems inconspicuous, but with its practicality into China will be sought after by the Chinese people who like to drink hot tea, in modern China for more than ten years, the import volume has been high, the annual import value is not less than millions of taels, it is actually a modern bulk trade.) Ask for a commuter pass! The Empire's Sunrise Reader Exchange Group: 150536833 welcome to join) (to be continued......)