Chapter 207: The Land of Peace. Change?
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The horsetail army began to move again, training harder than before. Although the officers below didn't know what was going on, it could be seen from the constant patrols of their superiors that the atmosphere was indeed different. It has been rumored since last year that the matter of taking a huge island in the open sea is about to be moved. The officers below also didn't know that the relationship between the imperial court and the three feudatories had become more and more tense, and Geng Jingzhong, Li Guangdi, Yao Qisheng, etc., had not publicized these things to the outside world.
Geng Jingzhong adopted Yao Qisheng's construction and began to lay out in Fujian, preparing to build Fujian into an iron bucket in two years. The 26 battalions of the Marine Corps, in addition to the troops stationed in various mines and firearms workshops in turn, began to be stationed near the transportation arteries of key prefectures and counties in Fujian. Of course, it is impossible to send it all out at once, in that case, the movement is too big, and people will see it immediately. One by one, try not to attract the attention of others. There are only a total of these eight prefectures in Fujian, and there are few that can be regarded as traffic arteries, and it is enough to slowly control a few dangerous passes in your hands.
Thirty thousand recruits arrived in the new unit, were incorporated into the new formation, and began training again. These recruits are all from the interior, and they don't know much water. I can swim in the river, but I still get to the sea and I am not far behind. The first thing the 18,000 recruits who were assigned to the Navy did when they came out of the barracks was to learn how to swim. The water-based must be practiced. In Huang Dazhong's words, it is. As the Navy. If you don't know how to water, and you will be drowned in the water in the future, he won't even give you a pension!
The Marine Corps and the Artillery Division are better, they don't have to learn to swim but they have to undergo more rigorous training, such as five kilometers of cross-country every morning, which is the minimum, in addition, ordinary soldiers also have to receive firearms training, stabbing training. In the training of fighting, the artillerymen should be familiar with the artillery, learn the knowledge and practice firing the artillery, and so on. Although Geng Jingzhong has never been a soldier and does not know how the specific drills of the recruits should be, there is a training drill for Marshal Qi Jiguang in the army, which is very good, as long as it is strictly implemented, the effect is remarkable. Artillery training and the practice of musket phalanxes, for such a long time, the Marine Army learned Western musket phalanxes and combined them with their own art of war. I also found a set of battle formations that suited me.
Let's talk about the various iron mines in Fujian, especially the copper and iron mines near the starting point of Longyan. A large number of workers worked overtime to continuously send the bronze and steel smelted into various workshops. In ancient times, the level of steelmaking has not been good, and the furnace temperature is not high, resulting in the forging of pig iron is too brittle, wrought iron is too soft, and it is not easy to grasp the melting point, so the iron cannon cast has more bubbles, the structure is simple, and the strength is not as good as the copper cannon. Before that, it was far less convenient than using copper, that is, it was more expensive, but it was familiar and safer.
When the master of the mine and the master of the West cooperated in research, combined the advantages of the East and the West, and improved the iron-making and steel-making methods, these problems were no longer a problem, and the steel smelted fully met the requirements. In addition, the artillery workshop uses the iron fan casting method, and the casting of iron cannons is completely free of bubbles, and the power and safety performance of the artillery are greatly improved. But it doesn't mean that copper cannons are not cast in artillery workshops, copper is used to cast light artillery, which is an excellent material, and many Furlong machines are made of copper.
At this moment, the firearms workshop is divided into two places, one is in Mawei, and the other is set up in Longyan. The scale of the workshop here in Longyan is slightly larger than that in Mawei, after all, this side is near the copper and iron mine, and the raw materials can be sent on the spot. Now, every month, the artillery workshop can forge about 200 12-pound and above Hongyi cannons, which are basically to be delivered to the Navy's two newly built detachments. The artillery workshop was detached from another part of the manpower, which was dedicated to the creation of artillery for the artillery division.
This group had fewer men, and only 60 guns could be minted per month on average, and it was expected that it would take six months to complete the artillery needed by the artillery division. Now, Geng Jingzhong wants to trade horses with Wu Sangui, and it is bound to make the artillery division wait for two more months. Although Shang Zhixin also wants artillery, the Guangdong side can't come up with anything to make Geng Jingzhong excited, so the deal with Guangdong can be postponed, even if it is delayed for a year or two, there is no big problem, anyway, he doesn't ask him Shang Zhixin. It's good that he can answer that he should exchange his warship for wood, and what they lack is artillery, so let him buy it from the Westerners himself. Geng Jingzhong estimated that those foreigners could sell him 50 artillery pieces of various types every year, and sometimes, they might not be able to deliver a few artillery pieces to East Asia in a year.
The general direction has been determined, and Li Guangdi and Yao Qisheng have worked together to deal with specific matters, Geng Jingzhong really has nothing to do, so he patrolled around, and at the same time used his advanced vision to review and see if he could find any improvements. In fact, compared with later generations, there are too many deficiencies in this era, but many things are either not enough technology to do, or the general environment does not allow it.
In this feudal society, it is absolutely impossible to put forward advanced ideas, and the slightest big move will have a great impact, and it will have an extremely negative impact on his development. Therefore, in many cases, it is only possible to make changes from small places, or to invent some instruments and devices that are conducive to social development.
Half a year ago, not long after returning from the expedition to the Japanese Kingdom, the biogas digester designed and manufactured by Geng Jingzhong is now of great use. The biogas digester was first applied in the army, and after three months of trial and continuous improvement, it has begun to be used on a large scale near Fuzhou. In the aftermath of the typhoon, while vigorously providing relief to the disaster, special emphasis was placed on improving sanitation in the post-disaster reconstruction work.
After all, there are not many craftsmen who learn to build biogas digesters, so we can only let more craftsmen join in the learning process while building them. In the early stage, it will only be promoted near Fuzhou, and when the towns and villages near Fuzhou are almost built, there will be a large number of craftsmen who are familiar with building biogas digesters. These craftsmen were then sent to various prefectures and counties to promote sanitation in other areas. It was Geng Jingzhong who particularly emphasized the need to strengthen public health construction in various localities. As a result, there were no plague epidemics in Fujian. As the saying goes, after the great plague there will be a great plague. Li Guangdi also strongly agrees with this matter. Other provinces were not so lucky. In many places, a large number of people are sick, and the local government is also in a hurry.
During the inspection for a period of time, Geng Jingzhong was quite satisfied with the localities, especially the orders issued by the Jingnan Palace, which were well implemented by the localities. This is also due to Geng Jingzhong's installation of a large number of grassroots officials in the local area, although these managers are not of high rank, but they all hold real power, and they are all a group of people who really do things in the government and county. As a matter of fact. Now in Fujian, from the big families to the common people, they no longer recognize the imperial court, but only know the Jingnan Palace. The orders of the Jingnan palace were more effective than those of the imperial court, which was the same as Wu Sangui's Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. But the difference between the two is that in Wu Sangui's Yunnan-Guizhou region, the people were exploited strictly, and they were only afraid of the Pingxi Palace, but they had no respect. The imperial court decree was almost impossible to reach, and the common people did not know that the imperial court only knew the Pingxi Palace.
And Fujian here. The officials, businessmen, and ordinary people have all received a lot of benefits from Geng Jingzhong. Especially the people at the bottom, what they eat in their mouths, what they hold in their hands and what they wear on their bodies, many of them are given by the Jingnan Palace. This group only refers to those whose families are in special circumstances and are really poor. At the end of each year, Geng Jingzhong's warmth activities have never stopped, and he has really solved the big problems of many poor families. Ordinary people, also because of Geng Jingzhong's development policy, can find a job to do, can also do some small business on their own, etc., life is getting stronger and stronger year by year than in previous years, and these people are also looking at it. The most beneficial are those large and small merchants, from the largest to the top families, to the ordinary small businessmen, all of whom have received huge benefits from Geng Jingzhong's maritime trade policy.
The offshore formations are constantly coming and going from north to south, and the ocean-going Kunpeng fleet is also running back and forth in the Nanyang Wa Kingdom, plus Western merchant ships, etc., and the goods produced in Fujian do not have to worry about not being able to sell at all. In particular, he returned from the conquest of the Japanese army half a year ago and signed a treaty with the Japanese state. As soon as the three treaty ports were opened, the volume of trade to the Wa Kingdom doubled within three months, and so far, the goods sold from Fujian to the Wa Kingdom have been sold to Western merchants and to the South Seas. In the treaty with the Japanese state, all Chinese merchants were equal, which also made many maritime merchants in the north of Jiangsu and Zhejiang linger at sea, and at the same time strengthen ties with Fujian, after all, the imperial court's sea ban policy is still very deterrent to these merchants, and they dare not blatantly carry out trade in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Therefore, it is much easier to take refuge in the name of Fujian, and in the past few months, more and more northern seas have joined the ranks of Fujian's trade caravans with the Japanese state.
The economic development is relatively gratifying, and the speed of development is unprecedentedly fast, as if the whole of Fujian is moving. Until now, the construction of roads in various parts of Fujian is still in progress, but it is nearing completion, and it is estimated that it will take about three months for roads in most areas to be completed. When the time comes, a large number of road builders will return again, and those who have land at home will be able to do some farm work, while those who have no land at home will have nothing to do. In Fujian Province, which can also be said to be all over the country, there is still no land in the majority. There is a lot of arable land in his province, and the people can also rent the land of the landlord's family, and there are many people in Fujian who are tenants, but after all, there is little land in Fujian, and there are still many people who have no land to plant.
Geng Jingzhong's inspection during this period of time also discovered this problem. If this problem is not handled well, the chaos will make him very uncomfortable. At this moment, he did not want any turmoil in Fujian. The hearts of the people have been stirred up by him, and they can get dozens of wages every day on the construction site, and they can also take care of three meals a day. But when they returned, they had nothing to do, and there was no more income, and the workers were certainly not happy, and they had to look for work everywhere. But where in Fujian there are so many workshops that can accommodate millions of workers?
For this reason, Geng Jingzhong racked his brains and only came up with one way, which was to work the land. Only the land can make the people settle down, after all, it is not a slogan for the people to take food as the sky. As long as there is land, the common people are more willing to dig in the soil. The people also know that this road will not be built for a long time, and there will be a day when it will be completed, so what should they do when it is finished? Many people have thought about this problem, but they have not thought of any good solution. In the end, I only feel that the common people. It is still the longest farming. It is also their best home.
So Geng Jingzhong transferred information and materials on cultivated land in Fujian. Check out the land situation in Fujian Province. In Fujian, there are a total of 500,000 hectares of cultivated land, of which 75 percent, or 375,000 hectares, are in the hands of the government and landlords, while 90 percent of the peasant households only own 25 percent or 125,000 hectares of cultivated land. Half of them were landless tenant farmers and hired farmers, and the land problem was already acute. The annual rent paid by tenant farmers to the landlord is generally half of the annual harvest of cultivated land, and some of them are even more than 10 percent higher. Land rights are highly concentrated. The heavy burden of taxes and taxes on the peasants and the sharp class contradictions in the rural areas will inevitably hinder the development of agricultural production, slow it down, and eventually lead to social shocks throughout Fujian.
Now, because Geng Jingzhong has vigorously developed maritime trade and has continued to engage in large-scale construction in recent years, the people have gained some extra income and have a much better life, and this contradiction has been alleviated a lot. Although in many places in Fujian, rice can be harvested twice a year, but most of the rice produced has to be handed over to the landlords. Those who stay can only barely make ends meet. If the year is a little bad, the family will only go hungry. Poverty is not a problem of two families, but a problem of universal existence.
Now, Geng Jingzhong is facing two problems, one is how to let the people have land to plant, and the second is what to let the people plant! The first problem is the most difficult, the first problem is solved, and the second problem is no longer a problem. If you want to let the people all have land to plant, for the current Fujian, the difficulty is not ordinary. Geng Jingzhong is not without thinking about learning the land of the future. The experience of reform, but what he knows, is seen from movies and television and a little bit of history books, although the practice of fighting local tyrants and dividing the land, although it is the fastest and most effective, and can also win the support of many people, but if it is implemented in Fujian, it is tantamount to digging a pit and burying itself.
After thinking about it, Geng Jingzhong thought of one word: peaceful land. Change! The so-called "peaceful land. "Reform" means to adopt peaceful rather than violent, relatively moderate rather than fiercely hostile attitudes, to take land from the landlords and distribute it to the landless and landless peasants. However, land has always been regarded as fundamental, and for the landlords, it is left by their ancestors, and they have to leave it to future generations, and to obtain land from them, it can only be described in one word: difficult! But no matter how difficult it is, Geng Jingzhong must act. If you can't use strong means to acquire land, then you can only come to the soft one, and as for whether you buy it, it's up to the landlords themselves.
In order to ensure the soil. Geng Jingzhong attached great importance to the change, and found Yao Qisheng and Li Guangdi to discuss and strengthen the formulation of land reform policies and soil reform. Change the organization and management of work processes. Specially set up the earth. Reform of the working group, he himself is the leader of the group, with full responsibility for the soil. change matters. At present, it is only in the planning, and the concrete implementation has not yet begun.
With his outstanding vision far ahead of the times, Geng Jingzhong spent nearly a month making a careful plan. Geng Jingzhong himself also knew that it was absolutely impossible to want all the landlords to support his own policy, and for the landlords who supported him, he would pay the landlords 30% of the land price in advance, and at the same time increase support for their trade fields. The remaining land price will be levied on the peasants who have landed or purchased the land in cash or in kind according to the ten-year and twenty-year periods, and the peasants will be fully handled in the land. Loans in the reform, etc. The loans here are not the same as those that put in the money, Geng Jingzhong is not prepared to charge them much interest at all, of course, there are still some interest, only a very small part, less than three percent.
The main thing is in the future soil. In the course of the reform, Geng Jingzhong was prepared to implement the win-win principle of "the peasants get the land, and the landlords get the benefits," and adopted a peaceful and gradual method of first expropriating the cultivated land beyond the landlord's reserved quota and giving it to the peasants, and then lending it to the peasants by the royal government in the form of agreement purchase, and letting the peasants buy the land within the landlord's reserved amount, so as to achieve the goal of fully realizing the goal of the cultivators having their own land. There are still a few months of buffer in this time, and I can have enough time to arrange this matter.
Geng Jingzhong's plan, in order to ensure policy fairness and social stability, is prepared in the future. In the whole process, the landlord did not have any direct contact with the tenant farmers, and the ownership of the cultivated land was transferred to the cultivators in a harmonious and orderly manner. The plan also attaches special importance to the support and protection of borrowing for homesteaders. Geng Jingzhong is worried about the future in the soil. Homesteaders who have just acquired land in the middle of the reform will easily lose their land and become tenant farmers again because of the heavy burden of land prices and the fact that their economic foundation has not yet stabilized. Therefore, it is necessary to consider promulgating some regulations so that the cultivated land cannot be transferred until the land premium has been paid, and it is also necessary to prevent the occurrence of malpractices such as impersonation and leasing of the cultivated land to others.
In short, the matter here is quite complicated, Geng Jingzhong has something to do in the next few days, either soaking in the study every day and writing hard, or bringing Yao Qisheng, Li Guangdi, and a group of talents who are good at internal affairs to meet and discuss together. The three stinkers beat Zhuge Liang, and after many discussions, the plan became more and more perfect. For the problems that will be encountered in the future, everyone has also considered them one by one, and if there are still problems, they can only see the solution of the move.
Among all the problems, the most difficult is how to get most of the landlords to take the initiative to cooperate, after all, Geng Jingzhong is not prepared to use strong measures. In the end, it was his two top strategists who gave two good opinions. One was proposed by Yao Qisheng, the profit obtained from foreign trade is much higher than the harvest on the land, so this article can be used to lure those landlords. Those who are willing to cooperate will vigorously support them in the future foreign trade, and those who refuse to cooperate will be recorded and all the preferential policies in the future will not have their share. Presumably, after the promulgation of this article, the thinking of the landlords will be greatly loosened.
Another comment of Li Guangdi is to jump out of the circle of Fujian. He has been in charge of the raid on Luzon lately, and in a few months, if he takes Luzon, he will immediately get millions of acres of arable land, and when the time comes, he can use this arable land to double the exchange with those landlords. In addition, if it is possible, some of the landless people can also be relocated to Luzon. Changing the plan will certainly go a long way.
Li Guangdi's construction was greatly praised by Geng Jingzhong and Yao Qisheng, who both believed that it was feasible and the best way. Taking Luzon Island can still have this benefit, which also makes Geng Jingzhong more concerned about the battle of Luzon in a few months! (To be continued......)