Chapter 1366: The Dawn of the Imperial Examination
"Lord Wang, someone knelt in front of the door to write a book, please ask the prince to make the decision for him!" The next morning, when Li Yuntian was flipping through the official documents, Yun Na walked in quickly and said in a coquettish voice.
"Oh?" Li Yuntian felt a little strange, since he came to North Korea, he had never tried a civil case, and no people dared to ask him to redress their grievances.
"What's going on?" Subsequently, Li Yuntian frowned slightly and asked Yun Na, where does he have the energy to pay attention to this kind of civil case now, and besides, if the other party really has grievances, he can go to North Korea to file a complaint according to the Yamen of the Prosecutor's Office, which is the Yamen of the North Korean State in charge of prisons.
"Lord Wang, this person is not avenging himself, but avenging those scholars who are born in commoners!" Yun Na smiled slightly when she heard this, and then replied, it was the first time she had encountered such a bizarre thing.
"Avenge the Reader?" Li Yuntian felt a little interesting, so he looked at Yun Na and asked, "What did he say?" ”
"Lord Wang, this person hopes that after the annexation of North Korea to the Ming Dynasty, scholars from civilian backgrounds can also be admitted to liberal arts, and are no longer limited to miscellaneous subjects!" Yun Na replied with a smile, to be honest, she didn't expect the other party to be so bold and make such a request.
The imperial examination in North Korea is different from that of the Ming Dynasty, and is divided into three types: orthodox liberal arts imperial examination, martial arts imperial examination and miscellaneous imperial examination, the so-called miscellaneous subjects are Yi discipline, medical science, yin and yang discipline and law discipline.
It is worth mentioning that the liberal arts are the privilege of the two groups, and the ordinary people can only participate in the martial arts and miscellaneous courses, and the Korean state has a much stricter class system than the Ming dynasty.
The class system of the Joseon State was established by the Emperor Taizong of Joseon, Yi Fangyuan, and divided the Korean people into four classes, that is, four classes, from top to bottom: 1, the royal family and scholars (two classes of nobles) 2, the middle people 3, the commoners 4, and the untouchables.
Li Fangyuan divided everyone into four classes, so that it was easy to manage, and unless there were special circumstances, no one could go beyond it, otherwise they would be severely punished, which was similar to the Ming Dynasty's military system.
As a result, not only did the relationship between the concubines of the Joseon state be extremely strict, but also made people of different classes have different treatment when facing the imperial examination.
Among them, the royal family and the scholars, as people usually call the two classes of nobles, are in the ruling class.
Due to the "subordinate mother law" in North Korea, this means that the son's mother must be a wife to become a scholar, and if she is a descendant of a concubine, she will never become a scholar, and the descendants of the concubine are eligible to participate in the imperial examination, and the descendants of the concubine cannot participate in the imperial examination for the rest of their lives.
Therefore, the princess and the princess, the concubine, the foreign wife and other women of the imperial court must be born to the doctor and the wife to be eligible, which is different from the Ming Dynasty, as long as the Ming Dynasty is not born in a lowly family, it is qualified.
The two classes refer to the Wenchen and the military generals, also known as the East Class and the West Class, also known as the Wen Class and the Wu Class.
As when the Ming Emperor went to court, when the king of Joseon convened a meeting of civil and military officials, he sat facing south, and the civil officials were arranged in the east and the military officials were arranged in the west, so it was called two classes.
The children of the two classes obtained official positions through the imperial examinations and the shadow office, and at the same time, the status of the two classes was maintained through marriage.
Zhongren refers to the descendants of concubines born to scholars and concubines, as well as the class of skilled personnel engaged in medical treatment, translation, fortune telling, astronomy, painting, etc., in the court and government.
It is worth mentioning that these classes and occupations are hereditary, unless they make a big mistake and are demoted to the rank of commoner, and future generations can become generals, but the class status is not high.
Civilians, that is, ordinary people engaged in agriculture, industry, and commerce, are the largest group.
As for the untouchables, they refer to the descendants of the sons of nobles and concubines, the descendants of scholars and scholars who should be degraded to untouchables for crimes, the middle class, and the rich and beloved class as lowly servants, which is the lowest status and the class that is discriminated against.
Prostitutes belong to the untouchable class, and untouchables cannot be registered, and no matter how highly educated they are, they cannot participate in the imperial examination.
It is especially important that a woman who is a concubine and a prostitute cannot call her father "father" but only "adult", which is really sad.
If a untouched person wants to get rid of the status of "untouchable", he can only seek an official position by taking the imperial examination of miscellaneous subjects and martial arts, and then his identity will become a Chinese person.
However, only men can take the imperial examination, and women can only be untouchables for the rest of their lives.
It is worth mentioning that the emergence of the middle class is related to two classes of nobility.
Since the status of the two classes is hereditary, the population of the two classes has increased over time, so in order to control the rapid growth of the population of the two classes, King Taejong of Joseon made a provision of "imprisonment for the iniquity".
In order to slow down the population growth rate of the two classes, the population of the two classes of concubines who are concubines are reduced to another class that is separated from the circle of the two classes, and are called "middle people", and they are not allowed to enjoy the treatment of the two classes, but can only act as low-level grassroots officials such as translators, medical officers, and school arresters.
Since the most important liberal arts in the Korean national imperial examination can only be participated in by two groups of disciples, and people from other classes cannot touch it, this makes the power of the Korean state controlled by two classes, and it is difficult for the Chinese, commoners, and untouchables to make a difference in the officialdom.
After Li Xuan posted a notice announcing that the Korean state was going to merge the Korean state into the Ming Dynasty, in addition to the people in the officialdom, those students who studied were the most concerned about it, and many of them knew that the imperial examination of the Ming Dynasty did not have any restrictions and would not be divided into miscellaneous subjects.
Therefore, this brings hope and hope for those students of the middle-class, commoner and untouchable classes to enter the power core of officialdom.
Therefore, there was a matter of someone running to the Hancheng Department of Jiangwutang to find Li Yuntian to administer justice, to be honest, only Li Yuntian could manage this matter.
The annexation of the Korean State to the Ming Dynasty seems simple, but in fact it involves many problems, among which it is inevitable that there is a class hierarchy in the Korean State, and it is impossible to make this class disappear all at once, after all, it involves the interests of two classes of nobles.
In fact, Li Yuntian also disliked the two classes of North Korea very much, after the founding of the Joseon Dynasty King Lee Sung-gye inherited the old system of the Goryeo era, and formed a new literary class and military class in the imperial court, whose identity was passed down from generation to generation, becoming the ruling class of the Joseon Dynasty and monopolizing all the rights and interests of the country.
Like the conservative aristocracy of the Goryeo period, the two classes of the Joseon Dynasty have been in control of the country's economic base since the early days of the founding of the country.
In Li Chenggui's reform of the Ketian system, the meritorious heroes led by Chung Do-chuan seized the land from the old aristocracy, and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the fields (Ketian) and Yulu (so-called meritorious fields) granted by the imperial court under various names, as well as the commoners' fields that were privately occupied and annexed by the two classes, caused the two classes to accumulate wealth, and the government tax was increasingly stretched, and the economic privileges of the two classes caused the country to be poor and weak.
Since the reign of Sejong of Joseon, the expansion of the two classes of farms has become irrepressible, and the peasants who have lost their land due to the two classes of scheming and plundering have become tenant farmers, and the two classes of farmers and slaves have accelerated the reclamation of barren land and further annexed the land, and the wealth of the two classes has snowballed.
It is not difficult to understand that the two classes of fish and meat people in the local area receive huge land rents, and politically, the two classes are also wealthy, so it is not difficult to understand the disorder of the imperial court program and social order.
Historically, the two classes eventually became the de facto rulers of the country separated from the common people and the royal family, and the royal family could only get nourishment from the leftovers at the mouth of the two classes, thus leading to the decline of the royal family.
Therefore, how to deal with the two classes of aristocrats in North Korea is a challenge for Li Yuntian, which involves very complex interest factors.
In Li Yuntian's view, the two classes of nobles were an important factor in the instability of Korean society, and in order to protect their own land, the two classes would inevitably find hollow out their efforts to consolidate their position, and there was a struggle in the court for limited official positions.
Later, the contradictions between the individual scholars and doctors eventually escalated to the struggle of the gate lords, and the individual scholars had to join a certain group one after another to seek benefits, which formed the party struggle in Korea.
The struggle between the Korean scholars and doctors began with mere differences of political views and ideas, and eventually developed into a multitude of political parties and constant divisions.
The partisan struggle intensified, and the two classes slowly collapsed in the process, along with the continuous decay of the country.
If we talk about it, the party struggle in the DPRK can be said to have a long history and a long history, not to mention that Li Ji, Huang Hee, and Yoo Sang-min fought so hard, but in the history of the DPRK, it can be regarded as getting along in harmony.
Not long after the founding of Joseon, the division of Zhu Zixue had already begun to appear, with the old school led by the meritorious heroes, and the opposition Shilin school that insisted on the solar terms and refused to serve the new dynasty.
Led by Jung In-toe and Shin Shu-ju, the old school was also known as the "faction" and was the core of the country's rule, inheriting the Taoist lineage of the great theologian Kwankin and gathering in the Hanyang area.
The Lingnan scholars, led by Kim Shuzi, inherited the Taoist tradition of the scholar Ji Zai and adhered to the solitary loyalty to the Goryeo Dynasty, becoming the Shilin school corresponding to the old school of Yuxun, also known as the private school.
This was the basic situation of the Scholar power before the start of the party struggle in the Joseon Dynasty, and this situation began to change after King Sejo usurped the throne of King Duanjong.
Among the courtiers of the old school of Xun were divided into two factions because of their support for Sejo: the faction led by Zheng Lintoe, who regarded himself as the orthodox successor of the old school, and the faction led by Cheng Samwen, who was dissatisfied with King Sejo's usurpation of the throne and supported King Duanzong.
It should be pointed out that the ancestor king here is Li Yao, the prince of Shouyang who was assigned to the Ming frontier by Li Yuntian, and in history he seized the throne of his own nephew like Emperor Yongle, and then created a magnificent cause.
If it is subdivided in this way, the factions that are dissatisfied with the king of Shizu can be divided into the righteous faction represented by the "Dead Six Ministers" and the righteous faction represented by the "Born Six Ministers".
The so-called dead six ministers refer to the six people who intended to overthrow King Shizu and support the restoration of the abolished king Duanzong, including Jin Wenqi, Cheng Sanwen, Ha Weidi, Li Kai, Park Pengnian, and Liu Chengyuan, who were exterminated in the second year of King Shizu.
The so-called six ministers refer to Jin Shixi, Li Mengzhuan, Cheng Tanshou, Zhao Lu, Yuan Hao, Nan Xiaowen and other six scholars who were dissatisfied with the usurpation of the throne by King Shizu and faded out of officialdom.
The struggle between the scholars and the doctors intensified as the time went on, and after the Shilin faction, which was opposed to the old faction, entered the imperial court, the struggle between the scholars and doctors became unprecedentedly fierce.
In the era of King Chengzong, the Shilin forces set foot in the imperial court, and the political reforms in the imperial court were rapidly implemented in line with the governance philosophy of the Shilin faction and contrary to the interests of the old school, and the contradictions between the old and the Shilin were difficult to reconcile, and finally caused a series of "Shi disasters" in the era of Yanshanjun, which continued until the era of King Mingzong.
In the past 50 years, the Shilin forces, which had been repeatedly attacked, formed a party in the imperial court, and the struggle of the scholars rose to the stage of party struggle.
Therefore, after the annexation of Korea to the Ming Dynasty, Li Yuntian's first task was to deal with the class contradictions in the Korean state, so that the two classes of nobles no longer enjoyed the previous power, but this is a complex process that must be done step by step, and cannot be achieved overnight.
In addition, the problem of party strife in the DPRK is also very serious, unlike the party strife in the Ming Dynasty, the party strife in the DPRK is often ruthless, causing the opponent's family to be ruined, which is also a problem that Li Yuntian needs to face, otherwise the three divisions and one court will become a tool for their struggle.
"Let him in." At this time, there was a student who was sued for the imperial examination, Li Yuntian felt that this might also be a good thing, and he could give him a reason to move the imperial examination system of the Korean state, so he muttered for a while and ordered Yun Na to know who the other party was.
Yun Na was a little surprised when she heard this, she originally thought that Li Yuntian would not meet the student who sued, after all, it was not suitable to move the imperial examination system in North Korea now.
"Subordinates obey." However, it turned out that Li Yuntian had already issued an order, and Yun Na must carry it out, so he bowed his hand to Li Yuntian and left, and went to the gate of the courtyard to pass people in.