Zhao Huan, formerly known as Zhao Ji, also known as Zhao Xuan, is the eldest son of Zhao Ji of Song Huizong, the half-brother of Zhao Gou of Song Gaozong, and the mother of Queen Gongxian Wang. Nawu Kangjun made Zhu Lian, the daughter of Zhao Bocai, the crown princess. On the occasion of the Jin soldiers' large-scale invasion of Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan), Song Huizong Chan gave up the throne, and Zhao Huan was forced to ascend the throne for Song Qinzong. He was a cowardly and incompetent faint monarch in history, who listened to the slander of traitorous ministers and deposed Li Gang. The Jin soldiers besieged Bianjing, but they were powerless to resist, and were eventually captured by the Jin people and demoted to the rank of concubine. In December of the seventh year of Xuanhe (1125), Zhao Huan was allowed to ascend the throne by his father Zhao Jichan of Song Huizong, who was Song Qinzong and changed his name to Jingkang. After ascending the throne, he immediately demoted Cai Jing, Tong Guan and others, and then reused Li Gang to resist Jin. But he was cowardly, incompetent, and indecisive. Later, he listened to the slander of the traitorous ministers, dismissed Li Gang, and sued Jin for peace. The Jin State took this opportunity to cross the Yellow River in the second year of Jingkang (1127) to break the Songjing Tokyo (now Kaifeng), which is known as the Jingkang Change. On the sixth day of February (March 20, 1127) in the second year of Jingkang in the Northern Song Dynasty (the fifth year of the Jin Dynasty Tianhui), Jin Taizong issued an edict to abolish Hui and the second emperor of Qin, and demoted him to a concubine, and forcibly took off the dragon robe of the second emperor. In July, the second emperor was captured and moved north to Yanjing, and arrived at Huining Mansion in Jinshangjing on August 21 in the sixth year of Tianhui (1128). On the 24th, the two emperors wore plain clothes and knelt down to worship the Jin Taizu Temple, performed the "sheep holding ceremony", and paid homage to Jin Taizong Wanyan Wu begging in the Qianyuan Palace. Jin Taizong named Song Huizong as the Duke of Dude, Qinzong as the Marquis of Chongdu, and in October, the second emperor moved to Hanzhou (Lishu County, Jilin Province). In July of the eighth year of Tianhui (1130), the second emperor was moved to Wuguocheng (now the old ancient city in the north of Yilan County, Heilongjiang Province) under house arrest. Eight years later, in April of the thirteenth year of Tianhui (the fifth year of Shaoxing, 1135), Huizong died of illness in the city of the Five Kingdoms. In the third year of Tianjun (1140), the Jin main battle sent Wanyan Zongbi to lead the Jin army to invade the south, first defeated the "Bazi Army" of Liu Kuan's department in Shunchang, just south of Kaifeng, and then in Yuncheng and Yingchang in the southwest of Kaifeng, in the cavalry battle of the elite Jurchen troops of the Jin State, they were defeated twice by Yue Fei's Yuejia army, and only defeated the weakest Zhang Junyi army in the Huaixi Bozhou and Suzhou areas southeast of Kaifeng, and before Song Gaozong recalled the Yuejia army with the "Twelve Gold Medals", the Jin army had been compressed to the east and north of Kaifeng. Wanyan Zongbi began to turn to accept the peace. In February of the first year of the emperor's reign (1141), in order to improve relations with the Southern Song Dynasty, Jin Xizong posthumously crowned the dead Huizong as the king of Tianshui County, and Qinzong as the prince of Tianshui County. The first level was raised, the original seal of Huizong was the second rank of the Duke of Dude, the posthumous title of the king was promoted to the first grade, the original title of Qinzong was the third grade of the heavy dusk marquis, and now the title of the Gong was promoted to the second grade. The second is to remove the insulting meaning from the original title. The third is to use the surname Zhao Tianshui Junwang as a title to show respect. At the same time, the Southern Song Dynasty court relieved generals Yue Fei, Han Shizhong, Liu Jian, and Yang Yi of their military powers, and prepared for the "Shaoxing Peace Conference". In November, Song and Jin reached a written agreement on the Shaoxing Peace Conference. On Chinese New Year's Eve at the end of December (January 27, 1142), the Southern Song court killed Yue Fei, according to the History of the Song Dynasty, in order to satisfy the preconditions set by Emperor Yan Zongbi. In March of the twelfth year of Shaoxing (1142), Song Jin's "Shaoxing Peace Conference" completely completed all formalities. On May 1, 1142, Gaozong's biological mother, Concubine Wei Xian, returned to the Song Dynasty with Huizong's coffin. When leaving, Qinzong grabbed her wheel and asked her to tell Gaozong that if he could go back, he would be satisfied as long as he was the master of Taiyi Palace. Concubine Wei Xian cried and said, if you don't come back, I'd rather be blind. However, because Song Gaozong was already extinct (Song Gaozong's son Song Xiaozong was an adopted son), he did not want Qinzong or his descendants to inherit the throne, so Song Qinzong did not return to Song until his death. And Concubine Wei Xian really had an eye disease in her later years and was blind in one eye. According to the "Great Song Xuanhe Testament", on June 10, the 26th year of Song Shaoxing (June 29, 1156), Song Qinzong died. Regarding the cause of death, there are different opinions, the legend is that the Jin Dynasty emperor Hailing Wang Wanyan Liang called the 57-year-old Qinzong and the 81-year-old Liao Tianzuo Emperor Yelu Yanxi to play polo, Song Qinzong fell from the horse and was trampled to death by the horse. Five years later, in the 31st year of Shaoxing (1161 of Zhenglong), news of Qinzong's death reached the Southern Song Dynasty, which also led to controversy as to whether Qinzong died in 1156 or 1161. The temple name is Qinzong, and the name is Gongwen Shunde Renxiao Emperor, and he is buried in Yongxian Mausoleum (now Baoshan, southeast of Shaoxing, Zhejiang). 2. Although the Jin army withdrew from the Beijing Division, it did not stop attacking the Song War. In September of the first year of Jingkang, Taiyuan was lost, so that the Jin soldiers of the West Route led by Zong Han were able to go south, encircle Bianjing with the East Route Army, and capture the outer city of Kaifeng in November. After capturing the outer city of Kaifeng, the shrewd Jin army commander did not immediately attack the city, but only occupied the four walls of the outer city, and pretended to announce the peace and retreat. Qinzong actually believed it and ordered He Li and Zhao Xu, the king of Qi, to go to Jinying to sue for peace. Zong Han said: "Since ancient times, there has been a distinction between north and south, and what is discussed today is just cutting the land. He also "requested" the Emperor Taishang to negotiate with Jinying. It's not so much a request as an order. How can Huizong have this guts? Qinzong had no choice but to go on his behalf on the grounds that the emperor was too frightened and riddled with chronic diseases. At dawn on the 30th day of the 11th month of the leap month, Qinzong led many of his ministers to the Jin camp, which happened to fall into the trap of the Jin people. After Qinzong arrived at the Jin camp, the commander of the Jin army did not meet him, but only sent people to ask for a surrender. Qinzong did not dare to disobey, and hurriedly asked people to write a table of surrender. However, the Jin people were not satisfied, and ordered that the table should be written in four or six couplets. Qin Zong was forced to say that the matter had come to this point, and there was no need to worry about anything else. The minister Sun Mo repeatedly considered and changed it four times before he was satisfied with the Jin people. The gist of the surrender is nothing more than bowing down to Kim, begging for forgiveness, and doing his best to be servile. After presenting the table, the Jin people proposed to ask the Emperor Taishang to come, and Qinzong pleaded hard, but the Jin people no longer insisted. Then, the Jin people set up an incense case to the north in the Zhai Palace, so that the monarchs and ministers of the Song Dynasty faced the north and worshipped, and read out the surrender table with the courtesy. At that time, the wind and snow were blowing, and the monarchs and ministers of Qinzong were humiliated by this, and they all secretly wept. After the surrender ceremony was completed, the Jin people were satisfied and let Qinzong return. Qinzong since entering the gold camp, feel humiliated, in desperation to do the Jin courtiers, in retrospect, grief is irrepressible, unconsciously tears have been wet wipes, to the south of the door, Qinzong saw the ministers and people who came to greet him, he wailed. This is a heartfelt touch, after all, there are still many subjects who are concerned about their safety. When he walked to the palace, he still cried incessantly, and the crying inside and outside the palace was even more shocking. Qin Zong went to Jinying at the beginning, went through all the catastrophes, and returned three days later, as if he was in another world. As soon as Qinzong returned to the imperial court, the Jin people came to ask for 10 million gold ingots, 20 million silver ingots, and 10 million silk horses, which was simply a sky-high asking price. At that time, in the isolated city of Kaifeng, the looting had been exhausted, and it was impossible to get it together. However, Qinzong had been frightened by the Jin people, and insisted on humiliating and retreating, and ordered a large amount of gold and silver. The Jin people asked for mules and horses, and the Kaifeng Mansion used heavy rewards to expose them, and only then did they find more than 7,000 horses, and the horses in the capital were empty, and the bureaucrats actually had people who went to the court on foot. The Jin people asked for 1,500 girls, but Qinzong did not dare to slack off, and even let his concubines reach the number, but the girls were unwilling to be humiliated, and there were many dead. Regarding the gold and silver cloth, Qinzong felt that the treasury was insufficient, so he ordered the powerful, wealthy families, and merchants to contribute to the army. The so-called contribution is actually snatching. For those who resisted, they were often in a flail, and even Empress Zheng's family was not spared. Even so, there was still not enough gold and silver, and the four ministers including Mei Zhili, who was responsible for looting the gold and silver, were also executed, and other officials who were reprimanded with rods abounded, and the people were forced to commit suicide in many places, and the city of Kaifeng was in a state of chaos and depression. Although the Northern Song Dynasty court headed by Qinzong was so desperate to welcome the Jin, the Jin's demands were still not met, and the Jin people threatened to enter the city to rob and ask Qinzong to negotiate with the Jinying again. Qin Zong was frightened into a cold sweat, the shadow of being in the golden camp last time had not yet dissipated, and a new fear hit his heart again, this time I am afraid that it will be more than lucky. At this time, Li Ruoshui and others also instigated Qinzong to go, but Qinzong did not dare to go against the will of the Jin people after all, so he had to go to Jinying again. After Qinzong arrived at Jinying, he was treated extremely coldly, Zong Wang and Zong Han did not meet him at all, and placed him in three huts in the west wing of the military camp Zhai Palace. The furnishings in the house are extremely simple, except for the tables and chairs, there is only an earthen kang for sleeping, and two seats of felt. The outside of the house was closely guarded by Jin soldiers, and the door of the house was also locked with iron chains by Jin soldiers at dusk, and the monarchs and ministers of Qinzong completely lost their freedom of movement. At this time, it is the cold winter wax moon, and the rain and snow in Kaifeng are continuous, and the weather is surprisingly cold. In addition to enduring the torture of hunger during the day, Qinzong also had to endure the biting cold wind at night, tossing and turning, unable to sleep, thinking about the qiē in front of him, his heart was like a knife, and tears were pouring out. In the blink of an eye, Qinzong was reduced from an unattainable emperor to a prisoner of the Jin people, which is indeed sympathetic. However, this qiē was caused by him and his father Huizong. Qin Zong in captivity lived like a year, and his feelings of homesickness were overflowing. Song Dynasty officials repeatedly begged the Jin people to return to Qinzong, but the Jin people ignored them. On February 5 of the second year of Jingkang, Qinzong had to accept the invitation of the Jin people to watch the ball game with a smile. After the game, Qinzong begged Jin Shuai to let him go back, but was severely reprimanded by Zong Han, and Qinzong was so frightened that he didn't dare to mention the matter again. After the Jin people detained Qinzong, they claimed that the number of gold and silver cloth was not even for a day, so they would not let go of Qinzong for a day. When Song Ting heard the news, he stepped up his search. Kaifeng Prefecture sent officials to directly break into residents' homes to search, and they were unscrupulous, such as arresting rebellions. The people have 5 families to protect each other, supervise each other, and if there is any concealment, they can denounce it. Even the poor people, monks, workers, and advocates of Futian Temple were also looted. By the end of the first month, Kaifeng Mansion collected 160,000 taels of gold, 2 million taels of silver, and 1 million pieces of satin, but it was still far from the amount demanded by the gold people. When the officials of the Song Dynasty went to the gold camp to deliver gold and silver, the Jin people were arrogant and rude, and humiliated in every way. Since Qinzong went to Jinying, the wind and snow did not stop, the people of Bianjing had nothing to eat, after eating all the leaves, cats and dogs in the city, they cut and starved for food, coupled with the epidemic epidemic, starvation, disease and death are countless. The situation is miserable beyond pen and ink to describe. However, the gold man did not give up, and plundered other things for gold and silver. All the ritual vessels for worshipping the heavens, the Dharma of the Son of Heaven, various books and classics, Dacheng musical instruments and even the costumes and props used in the hundred operas are all searched. Doctors, labourers, and craftsmen of all kinds were also plundered. and frantically plundered women, as long as they had a little appearance, they were captured by Kaifeng Mansion for the fun of the gold people. At that time, Shi Yong, the king of Shangshu, was the hardest at plundering women, and was known as "the grandfather of the golden man". Kaifeng Mansion Yin Xu Bingzhe is not far behind, in order to please the Jin people, he will be unkempt, has shown the appearance of the woman grease powder, disguise, the whole car into the gold camp, so that Kaifeng City is full of complaints, the people are not happy. The destruction of the Song Dynasty was the established policy of the Jin people, so despite the Song Dynasty's courtiers being so subservient to the Jin people, the Jin people were still determined to depose the Qin Emperor. On February 6 of the second year of Jingkang, Qinzong was deposed as a concubine. On the 7th, Huizong and others were forced to go to Jinying. When the Jin people forced Emperor Hui and Emperor Qin to take off their dragon robes, Li Ruoshui, who accompanied him, hugged Qin Zong and did not let him take off his imperial clothes, and scolded Jin people endlessly. Jin Ren was so angry that he slit his throat with a knife and cut off his tongue, and he didn't say anything until he died, singing and crying! After the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Jin people canonized Zhang Bangchang, who had always been the main peacemaker, as the emperor, with the country name "Great Chu", and established a puppet regime. But this puppet regime is unpopular. While supporting Zhang Bangchang, the Jin people once again looted gold and silver, and even women's hairpins were also plundered. Kaifeng Mansion was worried that there would not be enough gold and silver, and the gold people provoked for no reason, so they set up markets around Kaifeng City and exchanged grain for huàn gold and silver. Because the capital had been besieged for a long time, food was scarce, and the gold and silver in the hands of the people were useless, so they took it out one after another to exchange it for rice. In this way, Kaifeng Mansion got tens of thousands of taels of gold and silver. However, Kaifeng City has been looted several times, and the gold and silver have been exhausted, and it is impossible to make up the amount demanded by the gold people. Jin Ren had no choice but to give up. At this time, the commander of the Jin army learned that Zhao Gou, the king of Kang, was actively deploying troops in Hebei, wanting to cut off the retreat of the Jin people, and was worried that the troops would not be enough to exercise effective rule over the vast areas of the Central Plains, so he prepared to withdraw his troops after establishing a puppet regime. During the retreat, the Jin people also burned countless houses on the outskirts of Kaifeng. "From Liuzi in the east, to Xijing in the west, to Hanshang in the south, and to Heshuo in the north", in such a vast area, the Jin soldiers "killed people like mowing hemp, and smelled for hundreds of miles." This has brought profound disasters to the broad masses of the people, and the crimes are heinous and heinous. On 1 April, the Jin army began to retreat in two directions after plundering a large amount of gold and silver treasures. One route was detained by Zongwang, including Huizong, Empress Zheng and his princes, imperial grandsons, concubines, princesses, concubines, etc., who had gone north along Huazhou three days earlier; The other route was held by Zong Han, including Qin Zong, Empress Zhu, the crown prince, the clan and several officials who refused to give in, such as Sun Fu, Zhang Shuye, and Qin Hui, and traveled north along Zhengzhou. There are also various ritual vessels, antique cultural relics, picture books, palace people, chamberlains, advocates, craftsmen, etc., and the people who were exiled are no less than 100,000 men and women, and the treasury of the Northern Song Dynasty is empty. Everywhere the golden soldiers went, lives were devastated. Such a tragic disaster left an incurable wound to the Song people, and it also became the spiritual motivation for the people with lofty ideals in all dynasties to work hard. The father and son prisoner Huizong and his entourage took more than 860 ox carts, driven by Hu people who did not understand each other's languages, and suffered humiliation and torture all the way. Jingkang two years

On April 5, Huizong saw Concubine Wei Xian (Zhao Goumu) and others riding horses first, but he didn't dare to squeak, and he didn't feel that his internal organs were torn apart, and he burst into tears. On April 7, when Cao Cairen, the concubine of Huizong, went to the toilet, she was raped by Jin Bing. On the 8th, when arriving in Xiangzhou, it coincided with the heavy rain, the car was leaking, and the palace maid went to the golden soldier tent to take shelter from the rain and was the golden soldier **, there were many dead, Huizong sighed for a long time, but there was nothing to do. On the way north, there was a lack of food, and there were days of wind and rain, and the Song prisoners were starving all over the ground, and they were miserable. When Qinzong set out, he was forced to wear a felt hat on his head, a green cloth coat, riding a black horse, and being escorted by the Jin people, looking lost and depressed, not only suffering from the wind and frost of the journey, but also being insulted by the Jin army. Qinzong looked up to the sky and cried from time to time, and was stopped. When camping at dusk, the Jin soldiers "lay side by hand with the Emperor of Qi (zhì), the King of Qi, the crown prince, and the inner people" to prevent escape. On 10 April, when he crossed the Yellow River from Gongxian County, the driver told Zhang Shuye, a member of the Privy Council of Tongzhi who was accompanying him, that he would cross the boundary river. In late May, when crossing the Taihe Mountains, Qinzong and others were tied to horses. On July 20, Huizong and Qinzong met in Yanjing, and the father and son hugged their heads and cried, grief and indignation. Huizong originally thought that life could be settled, but in September, the Jin people moved Huizong and his son to Shangjing, because the Southern Song Dynasty was becoming stronger, and the Jin people were afraid that they would recapture Huizong's father and son, and lose their bargaining chips in negotiations with the Southern Song Dynasty. In this way, Huizong's father and son had to endure the pain of displacement again. In August of the second year of Jianyan (1128), the two emperors of Hui and Qin arrived in Shangjing, and the Jin people ordered them to wear filial piety clothes to worship the Aguta Temple, which was called the prisoner sacrifice ceremony, which was actually used to humiliate the monarchs and ministers of the Northern Song Dynasty. Then, he forced their father and son to go to the Qianyuan Hall to meet Jin Taizong. Then, Jin Taizong named Huizong as the Duke of Dude, and Qinzong as the Marquis of Chongdu. This is also a trick played by the emperor of the Central Plains, Emperor Wen of Sui destroyed Chen and named Chen Shubao as the Duke of the Great Wall; Song Taizu destroyed the Southern Tang Dynasty and named Li Yu as a disobedient marquis. In addition, more than 300 people under Concubine Wei Xian entered the laundry house, Empress Zhu was humiliated and threw herself into the water and died, and the man was incorporated into the army. Soon, the Jin people drove Emperor Hui and Emperor Qin to the desolate and remote border town - Wuguo City, where they lived until their deaths. After his life settled down a little, Huizong had Yaxing who read and wrote poetry. Huizong likes to read, and sometimes he forgets to sleep and eat. Once, after reading the biography of Li Mi (bì) in the Tang Dynasty, he knew that Li Mi was loyal to the country and revived Sheji, and was later hated by traitors. Huizong was deeply touched after reading it, and asked the minister to copy a copy and give it to Concubine Wei Xian. However, Huizong woke up to this qiē too late. During the period in the Five Kingdoms City, Huizong also drank and wrote poems at the banquet with Qinzong, so he naturally pinned high hopes on Qinzong. Huizong's lifelong hobby of writing poetry, coupled with the sadness of being a prisoner, also overflows in poetry. During his exile, Huizong wrote many poems, but only a dozen have survived. Among them, "On the North Theme Wall" is the most widely circulated: the west wind shook the door all night, and the depressed lonely hall was faintly lit. Jiashan looks back for 3,000 miles, and there are no geese flying in the south of the sky. The feeling of loneliness and desolation jumped on the page. Huizong lived in the city of the Five Kingdoms for three years, and died of illness in the fifth year of Shaoxing (1135). Chin Jong was extremely sad and suffered a heavy blow both physically and mentally. In March of the twelfth year of Shaoxing (1142), the relationship between Song and Jin eased, and Concubine Wei Xian returned to Song from the city of the Five Kingdoms. When she left, Qinzong grabbed her wheel and asked her to tell Gaozong that if she could return to the Song Dynasty, it would be enough for her to be the master of the Taiyi Palace. Gaozong was worried that his brother would threaten his throne when he returned, and on the surface he shouted to welcome back the two emperors of Hui and Qin, but in his heart he wished that they would die in a different place, so he spent his whole life negotiating peace with the Jin people, and had no intention of restoring the Central Plains. In June of the twenty-sixth year of Shaoxing (1156), Song Qinzong fell ill and died. However, it was not until the 31st year of Shaoxing (1161) that the news of Qinzong's death reached the Southern Song Dynasty. Gaozong was in pain on the surface, but secretly happy inside. In July, the name of the temple was "Emperor Gongwen Shunde Renxiao", and the temple name was Qinzong. According to the record of the Great Song Dynasty Xuanhe's Testament, in June 1156, the gold lord Wanyan Liang ordered Qinzong to play polo. Time goes back more than 100 years, when Zhao Guangyi, the ancestor of Song Qinzong, forced Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty, to death, did he ever think that such a talented artist emperor would appear among his descendants, and did he ever think that his descendants would have such a day