610 Debt is not good
The British are indeed very painful, the domestic economy is in shambles, and the foreign colonies are also rebelling, impacting the existing model formed by the British Empire for 200 years. Anyway www.biquge.info, everything is in chaos, and the Labour Cabinet is busy cleaning up the mess.
Let's put it this way, the British Empire at this time was extremely short of money, especially lack of money to stabilize the financial order. But which country in Europe in the late forties was not short of money? Everyone returned to the pre-liberation period overnight, and it was too late to save themselves, so where would they have the spare strength to save others?
Now the only one who can save the world is the United States, but to Attlee's pain, the Americans' asking price is too high, and if the United States agrees to the full demands, the pound will fall from the financial throne, and the world's economy will be controlled by the Americans in the future.
Attlee naturally did not like such an outcome, if he really agreed to this condition, the British Empire would really become a thing of the past, and he would become a sinner of the British Empire, and it was very likely that the crown of the worst prime minister in the history of the British Empire would fall on his head.
Attlee was a man who cherished feathers, how could he possibly accept this worst title? Therefore, he has been dragging out negotiations with the Americans, refusing to accept that result.
Churchill was bitter about this, and he pointed out sharply: "Attlee thought he was the savior, but he could not save neither Britain nor himself." The British Empire had to face the reality that the rise of the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II was already irresistible. The United States, in particular, has obvious advantages in all respects, and its national ideology and interests are closest to those of Britain compared with the Soviet Union. Obviously, the choice between the United States and the USSR was very easy. But when faced with the simplest of multiple choices, Attlee digressed, trying to find a third option, in his words, a way for the nation to save itself, but it seemed to me nothing more than a dead end to destruction. ”
Churchill was very unimpressed with Attlee, believing that the most correct thing to do at the moment was to accept the somewhat harsh financial aid of the United States, and in the words of the old smoker, the person who fell into the dung pit and was about to drown should not be dirty because someone was sticking out a dung scoop, otherwise he would die even more dirty. What we have to do now is to grab hold of the dung scoop handed out by the United States, survive first and then find a way to clean ourselves up.
So why didn't Attlee accept the American manure scoop? The reason is that he has some small calculations, and the prime minister feels that there is another way to obtain economic assistance without relying on, or "blackmailing" the United States. If this method is used, not only will you not have to accept the harsh conditions of the United States, but you will also be able to make a lot of money.
So what's the solution? The method is very simple, if you want to make money, you must first find a goal, and you can't always make money from the poor. Second, if you want not to pay a big price, you must grasp the handle of the target, of course, if you want to go straight to the door and grab it when the British Empire was strong enough a hundred years ago. It's just that this option is simply not possible for the current UK.
To get back to the point, is there a goal in this world that meets the above two goals? Don't say it, there really is! Who? Japan!
Attlee's calculation was very simple, Japan, as the pillar of the Axis powers, was the source of evil in Asia, and in this terrible war, it created unspeakable evils, and the crimes did not need to be punished? Don't need compensation? The Germans can only grit their teeth and survive the losses now, and Japan does not yet have the strategic position of Germany, so how can it be justified if it does not lose money?
Anyway, Attlee is taking a small calculation, the current funding gap of the British Empire is about 5 billion to 6 billion US dollars, as long as there is this money, the British Empire can tide over the difficulties smoothly.
Of course, some comrades may want to say, just the poor virtue of the devil, can you get this money? It is estimated that it will take more than ten years for the whole people to go out and sell their butts to get enough of these dollars, right?
Attlee knew very well that the Japanese would not be able to come up with the money for the time being, so his goal was very clear, that is, the United States behind Japan. Americans now have a lot of money, and their pockets are full of gold and silver treasures.
So will the United States willingly pay off Japan? Attlee believed that there was this possibility, first of all Japan as a blockade of the Soviet Union to contain the Communists. The bridgehead for the spread of bourgeoisation is of great significance to the United States. And if you want to disgust the Soviet Union, you must also firmly control Japan. In other words, Japan is very important to the United States, and naturally if Japan can't pay off its debts and can't be a good dog, dog owners will naturally not be indifferent.
Attlee's abacus crackled, or sharpened his knife to pigs and sheep, so are Americans willing to be pigs and sheep?
I have to say that Attlee may have miscalculated, since the Americans planned to use the evil dog of Japan, they did not intend to let Japan pay any war reparations, even if they wanted to pay it back, it was just symbolic. In Truman's view, it is still very useful for Japan to raise this dog, especially after the situation in China has eroded and the rise of the Soviet Union, and such a good dog is needed. Therefore, the Americans do not want to mention this matter now, and even wonder whether to hold back and make a big move to directly rely on Japan's reparations.
One can imagine how annoyed the United States would be when Attlee suddenly raised the issue of Japan's war reparations in the Security Council.
To be honest, from the point of view of the Americans, the timing of the sudden mention of this matter in Britain is really quite bad. Think about it, what is the current situation in Asia? In Huaxia, the massive forces of the Kuomintang have been wiped out, and Chiang, Li, and Bai are only struggling to survive in Zhoushan and Hainan, and the government has already existed in name only. In particular, immediately after the proclamation of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the socialist bloc headed by the Soviet Union (except Yugoslavia) announced that it would sever all diplomatic relations with the government and no longer recognize the government as a legitimate regime that could represent China, but would instead recognize the legitimacy of the new China.
Although Truman would have liked to see Chiang fail from the perspective of personal grievances, from the perspective of national interests, this result was not good for the United States. Because now the Soviet Union is actively helping the T Communist Party to restore its legitimate rights and interests in the United Security Council, that is to say, once the T Communist Party restores its legitimate seat, then Japan's war reparations must be compensated to the ****, which is equivalent to the United States for the enemy, especially Japan has no ability to compensate, which is equivalent to letting the United States pay money to the T Communist Party. How disgusting it must be!
Even to the T Communist Party is not bad, what is worse is that the Soviet Union is also asking for war reparations, compared with the Soviet Union, the T Communist Party at most has great development potential, even if the money is given to the T Communist Party, the T Communist Party will not be able to threaten the United States for a while. And if the money was given to the USSR, it would be called a nightmare. The Soviet Union had already given the United States enough headaches in nuclear weapons before, and even had to invest huge sums of money in the past two years to catch up, but it is still very difficult to say whether it will catch up here.
Anyway, according to the relevant intelligence analysis of the CIA, the Soviet Union also invested unprecedented energy in the nuclear weapons project.
Of course, the most terrible thing for the United States is the amount of Japan's war reparations, how much wealth Japan directly plundered from Asian countries during World War II, and how much damage it caused to Asian countries. Estimates of losses inside and out are unlikely to be less than $30 billion. With Germany's industrial and economic strength at that time, they were scared to pee their pants when they heard about the war reparations of 20 billion dollars. Japan's industry and economy are not as good as Germany's, and Nima's $30 billion in smashing pots and selling iron can't even be paid!
Even, the $30 billion war reparations is still a preliminary estimate, and the real figure is probably only a lot more. Not to mention too much, more than half of the $30 billion will definitely be compensated to China and the Soviet Union. The huge amount of money of more than 15 billion US dollars is so invested in the enemy, anyone who thinks about it will vomit blood!
When the United Nations held a meeting to discuss the issue of war reparations, the United States either delayed it or played tricks, either on the pretext that the issue of Japan's war criminals had not yet been resolved and the issue of reparations was postponed, or that Japan's war crimes had not yet been fully investigated. If there is a general amount of compensation for a crime that has not been discovered, if there is more or less, how will it be argued in the future?
Anyway, the Americans have a lot of excuses, and before, it was only the Soviet Union that brought up this topic every once in a while to knock the United States up. The rest of China was temporarily busy with the civil war and could not take care of its debts, while Britain did not dare to offend the United States for the time being, and even conspired with the United States to make some preferential financial loans.
And now, Attlee is forced to have no other way, and the Americans' aid is too ruthless, and out of desperation, the prime minister can only force the United States to pay for it with some "crooked ways". Anyway, the British mean obviously, either pay war reparations, or give preferential loans, in short, you have to pay money!
As soon as the British jumped out and shouted like this, the Soviet Union naturally immediately came to the aid and immediately proposed that the issue of Japan's war reparations could not be further delayed and that substantial reparations must be immediately started.
The two big hooligans agreed, and Huaxia was temporarily deprived of the qualifications of the big hooligans, France directly abstained, and the United States still opposed it. Some comrades may want to say that according to the principle of unanimity among the major powers, this matter will be yellow. Wait, this matter is really not yellow, because this matter is not under the control of the Security Council, so the principle of unanimity of major powers does not apply. Because of the insistence of Britain and the Soviet Union, the issue of war reparations for Japan was immediately put on the agenda, and it was a matter of the highest priority that needed to be resolved immediately.
How to solve it? First of all, it is natural to clarify Japan's war crimes, which the International Military Tribunal has already done, and I dare not say that every devil's crime has been found out, but those of a bad nature cannot escape. Like several massacres, like Unit 731. The second is to liquidate the extent of the damage caused by Japan, the direct economic losses and the indirect economic losses, as well as the moral losses that the Soviet Union specifically raised. In fact, this work has been done all the time, and although the overall figures have not yet come out, the general framework is still available. The last and most important rule of compensation calculation.
Why is this compensation calculation so important? Because Americans attach great importance to this, as a country of lawyers, all aspects of the United States are related to the provisions of the law, and the litigants in the United States resolutely disagree with the discussion of compensation without coming up with a reasonable rule.
However, this calculation method is quite troublesome. The direct economic losses can be said directly, and how much gold, silver, and other physical materials plundered by the Japanese can be directly calculated. Moreover, when Japan surrendered unconditionally this time, Li Xiaofeng intervened in particular, ordering the Japanese not to destroy all war materials, but to hand over all materials as they were; if the materials were deliberately damaged or refused to be paid, then the Soviet Union would not recognize Japan's unconditional surrender and would continue to drop nuclear bombs.
Of course, the Japanese are also cunning and will make excuses, such as excuses that they were destroyed in the bombing. It's just that Li Xiaofeng has been staring at this piece all the time, as long as almost all the war materials in Japan are archived, a certain immortal will use his magic power to copy a copy. You can't die if you want to. As for the scum who deliberately destroys or conceals information, they are all sentenced to death by military courts.
There is information on the Japanese side, and many of the figures are ready-made, and the devil can't deny it if he wants to. Even the Americans can't say anything in this regard, they can only lament the pervasiveness of KGB.
Unfortunately, not all of Japan's losses have been documented. In particular, the information on casualty figures is very troublesome. At that time, most countries and regions in Asia were either colonies or semi-colonies, and they were oppressed and exploited. Take Huaxia as an example, it is a mess of hemp, the warlords trampled on the authority of the central government to the extreme, and the whole country was basically out of control.
For the warlords, most of them don't care about the lives of the common people, who are just a two-legged tool for them. It may be that when you catch strong men, collect poll taxes, or engage in apportionment, you remember that there are ordinary people, and other times you just ignore them. Under such circumstances, most of the warlords did not know how many people they were "under their rule" (the later Great Celestial Empire had a terrible household registration system, and a census in the past ten years did not dare to say how many people there were in the country, let alone that year).
It is conceivable that in this state, it is really hard to say how many people died at the hands of devils, and I can only give a rough estimate. There may be comrades who want to say that there is probably no one, but the Americans don't do it. For them, one death will be compensated, no more or less, otherwise it will be unfair.
In Asia at that time, the situation like Huaxia was to grasp a lot of people, and if the compensation for casualties was calculated according to the urine of the Americans, it was basically impossible to have results. In fact, this is also the best way that the Americans have come up with to avoid Japan's war reparations, and they insist on this point and insist that there must be real results before they can talk about reparations.
This problem was indeed stuck for a long time, and it was not until Britain and the Soviet Union had a tacit understanding that the crux of the problem was lifted. In fact, the solution is very simple, didn't your Yankee say anything fair and reasonable? Isn't it the insistence that the issue of compensation cannot be discussed without the right results?
That's simple, let's just take matters into account, and first compensate for those casualties that can be determined to have died directly or indirectly at the hands of Japan. As for those that are controversial, put them aside for the time being, and see what else you can say!
At the beginning, the Americans really wanted to play tricks, insisting on unified compensation after counting and certifying all the casualties. However, all the victims of Japanese war crimes quit and launched a large-scale protest by public opinion, and the Americans could only give in under the tremendous pressure of public opinion. Agree to certify one and indemnify one.
How easy is that? Hehe, you underestimate the Americans' discipline too much, because how to compensate or how much to pay for a dead or injured has become the second obstacle.
Some comrades may say, what's so difficult about this? Isn't it clear how much you pay for the dead and how much you pay for the injured?
It's not that simple. In the United States, who are good at rules, the value of compensation is not the same between people. They multiplied things up, for example, Zhang San was a worker, Li Si was a farmer, and Wang Wu was a housewife, and they were all killed by the same devil, but they could not get the same compensation.
The Americans' calculation method is like this, Zhang San is a worker, five silver dollars a month, he was just 30 years old at the time, and it is estimated that Zhang San can retire at the age of 60, so he will have no less than 30 years to create labor value in the future, so the first step in Japan is to compensate him for his wages in the next 30 years, and then also consider inflation and wage increases, and then multiply by a coefficient, which is the value of Zhang San's labor.
Please note that the value of an individual's labor is not equal to the total amount of compensation, as there are also moral damages and inherent property damages. The mental damage fee is calculated for Zhang San's immediate family, and the more immediate family members, the more money there is. The sum of the expenses in several aspects is the compensation that Zhang San's family can get.
Obviously, Li Si, a farmer, and Wang Wu, a housewife, expect that the value created by the life cycle will be different, so the compensation they receive will be very different. To put it bluntly, the stronger the ability to create wealth during life, the more compensation you will receive.
As you can imagine, figuring out these details also requires a lot of work to figure out how many immediate family members the deceased had. Even these are only a few one-sided, and there are many, many factors related to various aspects of compensation, such as whether they are in good health (in the eyes of Americans, a cancer patient's future life is limited, and naturally the income level in the next two or three decades cannot be counted), such as whether there is a history of smoking, drug abuse, and alcoholism. These all involve the final total amount of compensation, and it is undoubtedly quite troublesome and time-consuming to figure out these various aspects...... (To be continued.) )