The Spring of the Literati
On October 21, 976, a new page was turned in history. The 38-year-old Zhao Guangyi was grief-stricken and wept bitterly in front of his brother's coffin, and asked Prime Minister Xue Juzheng and other important ministers of the state to ask again and again before he reluctantly agreed to become the second emperor of the Great Song Dynasty, Song Taizong. It was so complete that it was like when Chen Qiao mutinied, when his brother Zhao Kuangyin entered the palace, someone took out the Zen edict written by the young emperor Chai Zongxun. Can't fault anything that isn't.
On the 27th, Zhao Tingmei (first Kuangmei, then Guangmei, the most Lu Tingmei. For the 2 elder brothers) was promoted to Kaifeng Yin, Zhongshu Ling, and the king of Qi. Zhao Dezhao was crowned the king of Wugong County, and his official position was changed to Yongxing Military Festival envoy and servant. Zhao Defang was promoted to Shannan West Road Festival Envoy and Tongping Zhangshi. Zhao Kuangyin's queen Song changed her name to Empress Kaibao. Xue Juzheng, Shen Yilun, Lu Duoxun, Cao Bin, Chu Zhaofu, etc., who were important ministers of the DPRK, also had their own seals. On November 2, he posthumously crowned his two wives Yin and Fu as queens. On the 5th, it was announced that Zhao Tingmei and Zhao Dezhao were above the prime minister. The two deceased monarchs Liu Gang were crowned as the Duke of Weiguo and Li Yu as the Duke of Longxi County. And from this time on, the sons of the former emperor Zhao Kuangyin and the current king of Qi Zhao Tingmei enjoyed the same level of treatment as the sons of the current emperor Zhao Guangyi, and were called princes. The daughters of the three brothers were called princesses. In order to show the unity of existence and death, there will never be two hearts.
After completing this series of rewards, Zhao Guangyi suddenly changed his brother's Kaibao year name on December 22. The first year of Taiping Xingguo was only a short 8 days. Is it a big deal? Maybe nothing. Just changing the name of the era will not make hundreds of millions of people in the world have more or less in their rice bowls. However, we should note that China pays attention to loyalty, filial piety, benevolence and righteousness. "Monarchs, ministers, fathers, fathers, sons", the foundation of eternity, remains unchanged. In Chinese history, except for the change of dynasties, no emperor who normally took over the post dared to change the name of the previous generation of kings in the same year. What's more, Zhao Guangyi experienced the succession of axes and candles, and his name was not right, but he just did it, and the situation was still stable. History records that no one objected. Really? I can't believe the historical information about Zhao Da's slut!
After doing this, Zhao Guangyi ordered the army of the Northern Han expedition to return home. I have to admire or envy Zhao Guangyi. What I admire is that he chose such a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to do this most important thing in his life. What I envy is that his luck is too good. When his brother died violently, it was actually when the national capital was empty of armaments and there were very few people with knives. In fact, at that time, the expeditionary force of the Great Song Dynasty was waiting for an opportunity, an excuse, a person - Zhao Dezhao or Zhao Defang. As long as one of them suddenly appeared in the camp of the expeditionary force and showed even a forged evidence of Zhao Kuangyin's murder, these people would raise troops for him, kill him back to Kaifeng, and regain the throne. But what is depressing is that Kaifeng and even the entire territory of the Great Song Dynasty are as calm as a pool of stagnant water. Dezhao, Defang, and even Tingmei are like evaporating from the world, and they are surprisingly well-behaved. What else can we say about this?
Everyone knows that the Song Dynasty was a paradise for literati. So who opened this door to heaven? Many people will say that Song Taizu and Zhao Kuangyin are very good to literati. But Zhao Kuangyin still smiles at the literati from time to time - "Those who are good will help a lot"
This door to heaven was opened by Zhao Guangyi. Only more than 2 months after he took office, he announced in the first month of the first month of the 2nd year of Taiping Xingguo (977) - open a branch to take scholars! Literati, your spring has arrived!
This time, more than 5,300 tributes were issued across the country. These people, no matter what their family composition is, let alone whether they have money or not, as long as they have enough credits, the state will give you round-trip travel expenses and support you to go to Beijing to write your thesis. Immediately after that, these people began to cheer - they never dreamed that this time the admission rate was so high!
In this section, Song Taizong took 109 Jinshi, Jinshi and the 207th person, and 184 people were born in the same Jinshi. A total of 500 people! To know how amazing this number is, please look back at Zhao Kuangyin's record of taking scholars: In the Song Taizu Dynasty, almost every year, he opened a department to take scholars, but he took it very strictly. The largest number of subjects was in 975, with a total of 31 scholars. The least was in 968, with only 6 people taken out. He reigned for more than 16 years, opened 15 courses, and won a total of 188 scholars.
Zhao Guangyi also ordered the first-class and second-class jinshi to be officials directly. Those who are born in the same jinshi of the second class are directly sent to the ministry, and they are all exempted from selection, and the superior class is noted. It's too much... Chief Prime Minister Xue Juzheng couldn't sit still, he played - Your Majesty, taking too many people, employing people too suddenly.
But Zhao Guangyi ignored it, and when the new champion of this section, Lu Mengzheng, and others resigned from him, the emperor said to them, "Be a good official when you take office." If you find something inconvenient to the people, you can deal with it as soon as possible. You don't have to report it" and then smiled again, "Zhong Aiqing, you are an official for the first time, you must not have much money, right?" That's good, I'll give each of you 200,000 yuan as packing money."
His elder brother Zhao Kuangyin left him a full pile vault and a left treasury, which contained countless gold and silver treasures. When he first opened it, Zhao Guangyi almost fainted, so much money... How do I have to spend it? And just before this opening, he also had a large windfall income. It is said that there are 3 warehouses in the left treasury, which are managed by different people, and the money and gold silk are stored separately. This year, Jia Huangzhong, a member of the Ministry of Rites in the three treasury sub-officials, was going to be promoted to be the governor of the state. Before leaving, it should be clear. So he searched and found a room tightly locked, and when he opened it, he saw dozens of large chests, all of which were filled with gold. History said that "it is worth millions, it is a relic in the Li family's palace" was brought by Li Yu - Cao Bin asked him to go back to the palace to pack his things. Shi Zai Li Yu really brought dozens of boxes of gold into Kaifeng... No matter who it is, the money has not been recorded in the account (not registered) Jia Huangzhong reported it, and Zhao Guangyi made a windfall out of thin air. Therefore, he has the heart and money to pay his literati for the promotion of officials who do not play cards according to common sense.
In this way, Zhao Guangyi's first subject after succeeding to the throne, the Jinshi known as the "Dragon Flying List" in history began their happy life: champion Lu Mengzheng, Bangyan Li Zhi, and Tanhua Wen Zhengshu. Jinshi Wang Huaji, Zang Bing, Ma Rushi, Wang Wei, Zhang Chong, Chen Shu, Song Mi, Lu Youzhi, and Zhang Qixian...
On February 9, Zhao Guangyi changed his name to Zhao Jiong. The fire under the sun, the brilliance is brilliant, and it seems to be better than Li Congjia's word 'Yu'.
While Zhao Guangyi sent all his protégés of the Son of Heaven to be officials, he took care of one place. sent a man named Gao Baoyin to be the governor of Huaizhou. Huaizhou is the jurisdiction of Zhao Pu, the envoy of the three cities of Heyang. As soon as Gao Baoyin took office, he almost didn't even count how many trees there were in the Huaizhou Yamen, so he immediately played - Zhao Pu fouled! He controls me in everything. I asked that according to the rules set by Taizu, "Strike the town and lead its branch county", Zhao Pu couldn't wait to find a piece of tofu and hit him headlong to death... Bajie Town, Revenue and Expenditure County, these are all good ideas he gave Zhao Kuangyin back then. As a result, he didn't expect that he himself would have a day as a festival envoy... Don't say anything, it's self-defeating! But Zhao Pu is Zhao Pu after all. In March, he took the initiative to make a decision that surprised everyone and could be called death: he wanted to enter Beijing! In the name of mourning Zhao Kuangyin, send the old leader to the last ride. It's so above board that even Zhao Guangyi can't refuse. Well, here you go! Zhao Guangyi sharpened his knife Huo Huo, waiting for Zhao Pu to come to the door to try the knife!
On the 14th, Zhao Pu came. Yes! You're finally here, do you know that I love you very much? Want to see you every day? You don't have to go back, just stay in Kaifeng! Also, I want to give you the highest official position, one of the three orphans - the prince Shaobao! I guess you won't look at the other official titles anymore, so give them all back to me... At that time, everyone was secretly laughing - the prince Shaobao? What a big official! Can I ask if I have a prince now? What are you protecting? But no one knew that Zhao Pu was also happy in his heart at this time. Achieved its goal. He just wants to throw away these hot official titles, get out of the place, and return to the feet of the Kaifeng Son of Heaven. You must know that in the local area, there are countless bastard scoundrels who are vying to help Zhao Guangyi find trouble for him. If this continues, one day Zhao Guangyi will kill him for good reason.
Instead of being deceived by the imps, it is better to face the king of Hades directly! Back under Zhao Guangyi's nose, every move is visible to everyone in the world! In any case, it is better than dying outside in vain!
After successfully winning Zhao Pu, Zhao Guangyi did 2 more things to make the literati of the past dynasties bow and worship, so that the literati went directly into the midsummer from spring!
Revising books is a major event in the core of our national culture. In addition to the basic function of inheriting civilization, it is more symbolic. Anyone who has this kind of behavior of collecting books with the country and carrying forward the past and forging ahead into the future means that the era was prosperous and rich, and the king at that time was holy and virtuous. For example, "Yongle Canon" is for Zhu Di, and "Siku Quanshu" is for Qianlong.
On March 17, Zhao Guangyi, who had just been emperor for five months, ordered more than 10 people, including Li Fang, a scholar from Hanlin, to compile the 92 categories and 500 volumes of the novel book "Taiping Guangji" and the encyclopedia book "Taiping General Class" with 1,689 titles, 4,784,000 words and 1,000 volumes of various books (Zhao Guangyi's love of reading is famous in history. "Taiping General Category" is for Zhao Guangyi to read after being completed, 3 volumes a day, and 1 year to read. Therefore, it was renamed "Taiping Yulan")
Next, Zhao Guangyi did something bigger - Xiu Chongwen Pavilion.
Looking back on history, no matter how turbulent the country is and how miserable the people are, we have never thrown away the books in our hands and the cultural beliefs that we have always held in our hearts! In the troubled times of the Five Dynasties, there are still "three museums" - Zhaowen Museum, History Museum, and Jixian Academy. They were the official storage of the world's books and the gathering of the world's talents.
But they were already dilapidated by this time. Song Taizong personally went to the third hall to take a look, shook his head and left. Immediately ordered to choose a new site for the three halls in the northeast of Zuosheng Longmen, and from now on, day and night construction, regardless of the cost, it must be good and fast, and it is more beautiful and exquisite than the palace! Even the design drawings of the pavilions in the museum were drawn by the emperor himself.
In the first month of the 3rd year of Taiping Xingguo (978), the new third hall was completed. On the day of consecration, the whole country is watching! The books of the old museum are stored in two corridors. The east corridor is the Zhao library, the south corridor is the Jixian library, and the west corridor is the history department group books. It is divided into 4 books of "classics", "history", "children" and "collections", and 6 libraries. There were originally more than 12,000 volumes of books, 13,000 volumes of books in Pingshu, and more than 20,000 volumes in Pingjiangnan. He also issued an edict to open the road of dedication, so the three museums were prepared, and the original copies were 80,000 volumes.
On February 1, Zhao Guangyi, who had just been the emperor for 15 months, gave the name of the new third hall as "Chongwen Academy", so as to inform the world of the determination to "promote literature and suppress martial arts"!
In this way, the summer of the literati came, and the harsh winter of the military generals began!
Recalling that Zhao Kuangyin, the Taizu of the Song Dynasty, who single-handedly established the Great Song Dynasty military system and suppressed the arrogance of the martial arts, all implemented "one country, two systems" for the troops on the border, and the border guards could use the local financial tax revenue at will, independently engage in business and make profits, and could trade internally and externally and even with foreign races, and all of them were exempt from tax. And you can use the money you earn to recruit warriors, buy spies, reward soldiers... In short, you can do whatever you want. This is not counted, Zhao Kuangyin repaired villas for these border bigwigs in Kaifeng City, and the specifications were so high that even the construction officials couldn't see it and reported "This is not right!" It's all over the specifications of the royal family," Zhao Kuangyin scolded, "If you don't understand, shut up!" The border soldiers are far more important than any royal family! Quickly made, no reply"
What about the time of Zhao Guangyi? As soon as the forbidden army of the Northern Han Dynasty returned to China, Zhao Guangyi immediately issued a death order to all the Jiedu envoys in the country - report all the names of your family members! Then according to the list of VIPs, come to Beijing within a time limit! Supplement these more than 100 high-ranking cadres to the front of the palace, go to do some lowly jobs such as undertaking orders, and raise them in captivity!
What is this doing? Hostage! Right! Zhao Guangyi had already regarded his subordinates as feudal vassals, and asked them to send their sons to Beijing as hostages. In the future, everything will be fine if you obey the command and obey the command. Otherwise, your sons will fall to the ground.
Is it tolerable or unbearable! The bloody murderous aura of the professional soldiers, which had begun to be indifferent, was awakened again by an unprecedented sense of crisis, and everyone unconsciously held the hilt of the sword. But at this moment, there was a "civilized" act in the capital that was appreciated by the scholars and doctors of the time, and even praised by all the literati of later generations.
Cao Bin, the privy envoy of the country's first soldier, no matter when he walked on any street, as long as he met the scholars and doctors, he would definitely "lead the car to avoid" The leaders of the generals also bowed their heads, and it is said that they were willing... What a basin of cold water this is. The warriors of the Great Song Dynasty were all depressed and disheartened. From this moment on, the position of the Privy Council, which was in charge of the military affairs of the whole country, from the leadership of the court in the Five Dynasties to the division with the Zhongshu Province in the early Song Dynasty, could only take a back seat at this time.
Some people endured it, but some people stood up. Cao Han stood in front of Zhao Guangyi and sneered, "What's so great about writing poetry? In Yichen's opinion, what those sour people wrote is far from enough! Please listen to a poem from the minister - he once wore gold armor because of the national disaster, and was ashamed to sell treasure knives for his poor family. He grinds the cliffs in Yan Mountain, and he must be the first to make the famous Cao "good poem!" Zhao Guangyi applauded. It is true that the famous general Cao Han is both civil and military, and has rich life experience, so he can make a good sentence with casual intentions and qi. But the emperor only applauded, completely ignoring the resentment in the poem, and turned around and once again showed favor to the literati.
The author has some other understandings of the Great Song Dynasty's emphasis on literature and light on martial arts. It is true that politically, the civil power of the Great Song Dynasty was a hundred times higher than that of the military generals. But in terms of life enjoyment, those drunken gold fans who make military generals are not far behind and other high-ranking literati officials such as Zhizai. When Zhao Kuangyin released the military power with a cup of wine, he promised everyone that he was a high-ranking official. In addition, this practice does not kill any meritorious general. In the last two Song Dynasty 319, only one general was killed, Yue Fei. There were other complex political reasons for Yue Fei's death, and it is impossible to judge the suspicion of the Great Song Dynasty officials against the generals. In short, the generals of the Great Song Dynasty did not have to worry about the danger of their lives like Han Xin and Xu Da, and they could also enjoy arrogance and luxury. This is the author's shallow view of the ancestral family law of the Great Song Dynasty.