As early as 1918, in the First World War, Admiral David Brown, then commander of the battlecruiser detachment of the British Navy's main fleet, was the commander of the battlecruiser detachment. Faced with the German naval fleet cowering in the harbor, Betty proposed the idea of taking the initiative to attack the door, but it could not be realized due to the technical conditions at that time.

In 1935, when Italy invaded Ethiopia, Pound, commander of the British Navy's Mediterranean Fleet, made a plan to attack the warships anchored at Taranto Military Port with carrier-based aircraft as a backup plan, but this plan was later put on the shelf because the British army did not intervene.

However, in two naval battles spanning 1939 and 1940, with the Royal Navy in a series of crushing defeats and a desperate situation, the plan was recalled.

The British attack, which began with Bergen, was first attacked by night bombers from the Narvik airfield in northern Norway, which first bombed Bergen in succession, drawing the attention of the German air defense forces there.

When Bergen was bombarded at night, the cruiser Valkyrie was also in Bergen with Lynn and Jiling. The German side had set up a radar station in Bergen very early, and the Valkyrie cruiser also had its own radar facilities, plus the early warning triple insurance of the Linhan humanoid radar, and the British suffered timely interception by the German night fighter unit in this night bombing operation, and the losses were huge but the gains were small.

At this time, there was no movement on the part of the port of Os, where there were seven warships, in addition to the Scharnhorst, the aircraft carrier Zeppelin, four destroyers and an anti-aircraft cruiser.

As an old aircraft carrier that is more than 20 years old, the number of aircraft on board the Eagle aircraft carrier is very limited, usually only 21 aircraft, and in this attack on Oslo, the British simply modified the aircraft carrier, but barely increased the number of aircraft to 24.

Because it was a night raid operation. This time, two waves of 24 planes were attacked, and they were all Swordfish attack planes (Swordfish attack planes have many translations in China, also called Sailfish and Swordfish), and two-thirds of them were torpedoes.

A Swordfish attack aircraft with torpedoes on board, due to the fact that it was a biplane. With congenital deficiencies, its maximum speed is only 150 kilometers per hour, which is surprisingly slow. However, the biggest advantage of this attack aircraft is its long range, easy maneuvering, and excellent course stability. Taking advantage of their long range, these planes all took off from the sea about 350 kilometers away from Oslo to launch attacks, a distance that was even at the limit of the attack radius of German shore-based aircraft.

The British Navy gave these surprise attacks on Oslo the code name "Longbow".

After two hours of continuous flight, it was 5:40 a.m. on February 2. The Swordfish attack planes approached the sea about seventy kilometers from Oslo, where they were intercepted by German night fighter units.

In order to evade the detection of the legendary German radar, which is said to be unrebellious, these attack planes lowered their flight altitude very early and flew close to the sea surface to prevent the target from being exposed. Flying at low altitude in the dark night, flying in the dark with all the instruments on the plane "feeling the dark", the technical requirements of the pilot are extremely high, and at the same time, it is also an extremely dangerous thing, so the British pilots who participated in this operation. All of them are elites with nearly 1,000 flight hours.

In the process, there was a Swordfish attack aircraft that went on a business trip halfway. Crashed because it flew too low and touched the sea. But the remaining twenty-three Swordfish, unrelentingly, continued to move forward.

This group of British attack aircraft was already detected by Hannah when they flew to a distance of about one hundred and fifteen kilometers from the port of Oslo.

Soon, the night fighter unit at the airport in Oslo immediately took off to intercept the British planes after receiving the order. And the German warships anchored in the port of Oss also urgently set fire and pressurized.

In this surprise attack, the German navy was indeed a little overbearing. In order to save fuel and reduce the loss of parts. As well as excessive confidence in their own detection capabilities, all the German ships anchored in the dry port of Ous, with the exception of a few destroyers that carried out combat readiness patrols, were in a state of flame-out. After the air raid sirens sounded, the Scharnhorst and Zeppelin re-ignited and pressurized to the point where they could move freely. No matter how fast it is, it will take about 40 minutes.

Afterwards, recalling what happened that night, Hannah also admitted: "The successive victories made me underestimate the mortals of this world. ”

Under Hannah's guidance, the BF110 night fighter took off and quickly found the general position of the Swordfish attack aircraft flying close to the sea.

Captain Mason, the commander of the British attack aircraft unit, was a veteran pilot who had participated in Chinese air battles, and was also one of the first pilots of the night fighter unit formed by Dowding on Zhoushan Island at that time. During China's intervention in the war, he was shot down by a night fighter piloted by Li Huamei during a night sortie, but he was lucky to survive, but unfortunately entered the PLA prisoner camp, and was released after the war.

After the war, Captain Mason served as an instructor in the British Air Force at a flight school, responsible for training pilots. After Cunningham became commander of the Home Fleet, Cunningham developed an operational plan to attack German military ports. Captain Mason, who had extensive experience in night warfare, was temporarily transferred from the Pilot School to the Navy to help train pilots for night combat, and after the Battle of Bergen, he was drafted to participate in the attack on Oslo.

Although he is not a full-fledged naval aviation pilot, for an elite like Mason who has flown more than 2,000 hours, and flies a pair of wings that are extremely "friendly" and easy to operate for pilots, such as the Swordfish, take-off and landing on an aircraft carrier is not a problem for him.

At 5:45, a large number of BF110s, under the guidance of Hannah, flew over the group of Swordfish attack planes and fired a flar, illuminating the figures of the Swordfish attack planes that were preparing to sneak attack, Captain Mason calmly gave instructions to his teammates through the German-made transistor radio on board:

"Don't panic, keep the course and act according to Plan 2."

The Swordfish attack aircraft group that had been exposed to Zài reduced their altitude to a more dangerous altitude less than 60 meters above the sea surface, while flying at a speed of 120 kilometers per hour.

In the sky above the Swordfish attack aircraft group, when the BF110 cut into the attack angle and prepared to attack, all the night fighter pilots found themselves facing the same embarrassment.

The opponent's Swordfish attack aircraft, flying too slowly and too low.

It is too slow, because their speed is only about 120 kilometers per hour, and when they bite their tails from behind, in the slightest blink of an eye, the pursuing BF110 will rush over their heads and miss the shooting window. Compared with monoplanes, biplanes have such and such shortcomings, but the biggest advantage is that the flight stability is good, and the stall speed is extremely low. Take the Swordfish as an example, maintaining a speed of 120 kilometers per hour can still fly steadily. And the BF110, a twin-engine monoplane with a large wing, has a slowest allowable "low speed" of more than 220 kilometers, and this 220 kilometers is already a dangerous low speed for it.

It is too low, because these British attack planes are now flying at an ultra-low altitude at an altitude of 50 or 60 meters above sea level. It's a dark night, and the Swordfish Attack, relying on the unique "low-speed and high-performance" advantages of biplanes, can arrogantly play this kind of ultra-low-altitude flight called "seawater washing wheel" with the instrument number, compared to the BF110, which has a much larger wing load, and wants to play a similar game in the dark night, it is no different from suicide.

During the Norwegian naval battle in December last year, HE112 fighters with low wing loads on two German aircraft carriers encountered the problem of the opponent flying too slowly and easily overflying when attacking the Swordfish group. Fortunately, the HE112 itself is also a low-wing carrier-based aircraft, and its low-speed performance is also excellent, plus it was daytime at that time, and the combat altitude was also high, so this problem was not too strict.

And now it is night, the Swordfish group is all flying at the height of the "seawater washing wheel", the interceptor aircraft is a BF110 with a large wing load, and the German fighters are too fast, and the shortcomings of the wing load are undoubtedly obvious.

The sixteen BF110 night fighters that attacked and intercepted tried to attack several times in the process, but only shot down two Swordfish, but there were also two BF110s that flew too low, one crashed on its own because the speed was too low and stalled, and the other was not at a good altitude and crashed directly into the sea.

There are no worst planes, only the worst pilots and flight tactics. With the right tactical command, even the most rotten and outdated weapons can turn decay into magic and bring out unexpected results.

Captain Mason's tactics are precisely the lessons learned from the Chinese battlefield flying biplanes and monoplanes with speed superiority: on the Chinese battlefield, once the gladiator fighter is bitten by the tail of the opponent's monoplane HE51 or FW90, and wants to increase the horsepower and speed to get rid of the opponent, it is a very stupid act of suicide. The right thing to do is to do a somersault to slow down the flight as much as possible, so that the opponent will fly over his head because of the high speed, and then in turn be bitten by himself from behind.

In this process, although there will be an excellent dangerous window for the opponent to shoot "comfortably", this window is very short, and it is still worth taking the risk compared to being bitten by the opponent's tail for a long time, and it is also one of the most effective means of air combat for the biplane fighter against the monoplane fighter.

Although the Royal Air Force suffered a crushing defeat in China, it also learned a lot of useful things from the Chinese intervention war. Captain Mason, who came back alive from that bloody battlefield, summed up the tactical experience of low-speed biplanes against high-speed monoplanes very early. In the dark night, the biplane flew at an ultra-low altitude and low speed at the altitude of "rubbing the sea", which was the most effective means to deal with the German night fighter unit, which was dominated by BF110. (To be continued......)

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