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Updated time: 2O12-1O-O4

Bogda Khan was the honorific title given to the Qing emperor by the Mongol tribes attached to the Qing Dynasty, and this mountain range south of the Tula River (Tule River) was given the same name by the Khalkha Mongols because of its high mountain, which shows its majestic grandeur. However, what really made this mountain range full of black pine forests famous for later generations is that the small plateau in the north later became the residence of the Living Buddha of Jebtsundamba, of course, now the merciful Living Buddha has been driven to the south by the bandits with clear swords and guns, and it is the target of the Qing court's army to attack the Kaldan Boshoktu Khan who occupies this water source.

Speaking of which, Galdan is now also a little difficult, facing the 50,000 Qing and Mongolian coalition troops stationed at the foot of Kent Mountain in the east, he once had a painful lesson in the battle of Ulan Butong, he does not want to be a weak enemy again, and the national strength is still a very strong opponent compared to the East Jungger Empire. However, if you retreat without a fight, Gerdan really can't do it. The reason is very simple, don't look at the fact that his team has now recovered to more than 20,000 horsemen, but half of them are Khalkha Mongols who have just been recruited, and these soldiers can still remain loyal when they follow the Jungar army to fight a good battle, but if Galdan is defeated and retreats, it is normal for it to collapse in an instant. For this reason, Galdan could only hope that the Qing army would be trapped in long grain routes, inefficient supply levels, and associated low morale.

Galdan was undecided, and Feiyangu, who commanded the coalition army, was also a little afraid to act rashly. On the one hand, the combat strength of the Jungger people had already been taught by the Qing army in the Battle of Ulan Butong, and on the other hand, Feiyangu, who had not yet received the news of the Zheng army's Northern Expedition, did not dare to throw the most valuable reserve of the Qing army into a bloody large-scale battle. Of course, Feiyangu also has another thought, three ways to conquer the army, not to mention the east road, if the Ganshan troops in the west can be outflanked in place, I believe that it will definitely shake the fighting spirit of Galdan's subordinates, and then fight again, which will naturally save time and effort.

The commanders on both sides wanted to wait for change, but the progress of the war did not depend on the will of the two men.

"Generals, the emperor's will is already known," and when the messenger stepped aside, Fei Yanggu spoke in a depressed tone. "Now that Alabutan is sending troops to Ganshan, it is already extremely critical, so this official has decided to withdraw the army immediately."

"Slow!" Feiyangu's voice had not yet landed, and Wang Daolong, the chief soldier of Shanxi's right guard, came out to salute. "General, don't withdraw your troops." Feiyangu's eyebrows were raised, and he heard Wang Daolong say eagerly. "Once our army retreats, Galdan will be stared at like maggots attached to the bones, and our army has limited horses, and it will not be able to outrun the Jungar army with one man and three horses, and everything will be over at that time."

Wang Daolong is right, retreating on the reckless steppe, it is impossible to hide from the eyes and ears of the Jungger army, once the time comes, once it is out of the camp, it will be even more difficult to deal with the Galdan army that is biting like a hungry wolf in turn, not to mention the consequences of the demoralization of the army caused by the withdrawal order and the many negative effects it brings.

"General, Wang Zongrong has a point." Nominally walking in the army, but in fact the head of the army, the Minister of the Interior and the Minister of Internal Affairs, Maska, nodded at Feyangu. "But more importantly, the reaction of the princes of Chahar, Tumut, Ordos and other ministries, once they are separated from Germany, I am afraid"

Although Ma Sika did not directly point out the consequences, everyone in the big tent had already understood, and Feiyangu pondered for a moment, and then looked at the Qin Cha who was silent after the herald, and beads of sweat flowed down his head.

Feiyangu was still making a difficult choice, but Galdan did not give him this opportunity, and the rumbling sound of golden drums and long hissing trumpets in the distance faintly came, which made Feiyangu wake up from his hesitation.

Sweeping the generals in the tent, Feiyangu sighed: "I'm afraid that Galdan has also received the news of Ganshan, or not, if you don't fight, you won't be able to go back. "

Feiyangu was not mistaken, Galdan took the initiative to attack because he received news from the southwest. However, Feiyangu also had a misguess, in fact, the news that Galdan got was not how Da Ce Ling Dun Dobu swept Ganliang, but that Zhang Yunyi's western outflanking army unfortunately ran into another eastward army arranged by Alabutan after crossing the Hanhai Sea after a lot of hardships. The two sides fought a big battle, and Zhang Yunyi won by luck, but he was unable to continue to implement the established outflanking policy, and led the remnants to turn around and return south.

Although breaking one wing of the Qing army is a good thing for the unrestrained Galdan, the conspiracy of Alabutan actually secretly sent troops into the territory of East Junggar, which made Galdan think too much. In order to prevent the situation from deteriorating further, Galdan had to send troops to deal with Feiyangu so that they could turn around and return to their old nest of Kobdo, so the two sides made the same choice by mistake, and a great war ensued

The main forces of the two sides have not yet played each other, and small-scale outpost battles have been waged for 6 consecutive years. In view of the fact that the main force of the Qing army was the Eight Banners of the Forbidden Brigade, which had a large number of firearms, the Jungar army wisely targeted the attack on the Chahar, Tumut, Ordos and other alliance flags of the same clan. Chahar and other Mongol tribes in southern Mo's have not fought for decades, and the living conditions in Monan are far better than those in Mobei, so the warriors of these alliance banners are not only inferior to the battle-hardened Jungar people, but even the Khalkha Mongol soldiers, whose combat power has also degraded a lot, can not be defeated, and as a result, there is a situation where the 20 cavalry of the Jungar army can defeat one assistant leader of the Mongol soldiers in Monan (note: the Mongolian commander commanded 150 cavalry during the war), which caused the over-expansion of Galdan's confidence.

On 28 May, just as the Qing court ordered the mobilization of all the troops on the southern front to the Jianghuai front, the decisive battle between the Eastern Jungger Army and the Qing Army finally began in the wilderness of Mobei. The East Jungger Army has a total of 20 1,000 troops, with a strength of about 19,000 people, and the strength of the Qing army is 47,000, of which 18,000 people from the Eight Banners of the Forbidden Brigade and the Eight Banners of Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaodong are in the center, and the left flank is the Zhili Green Banner Soldiers and 11,000 Tumut Cavalry, and the right flank is the Shanxi Green Battalion and 10,000 cavalry of Chahar and Ordos, and another 8,000 people are used as general reserves to reinforce the front lines at any time.

At the end of the day, the Jungar army took the lead in attacking. Galdan sent two cavalry teams of 5,000 men each to attack the left and right flanks, and at the same time used 3,000 troops to contain the central Qing army. Seeing the attack of the Jungar army, the Qing army hurriedly released artillery to block it, and then used bird guns all over the place. Although the Qing army had strengthened its training in firearms after the Battle of Ulan Butong, in the face of the high-movement cavalry, the Qing army's firepower still did not have much effect, except for disturbing the horses of some untrained Khalkha Mongol soldiers, only causing very few casualties to the opponent.

Although the Qing army had a two-to-one superiority in strength, Chahar and other troops suffered a lot of losses in the previous battle and the morale of the army was unstable.

The Shanxi Green Battalion had not experienced a war since the pacification of the three feudatories, so its combat strength had declined very much, and it was naturally panicked in the face of the impact of thousands of Jungar cavalry at this moment, and the result was naturally a complete defeat. However, the Dzungars lost their impact in the process of wantonly chasing and killing the Green Banner soldiers, so after Feiyangu brought in reinforcements and strongly urged the two Mongol cavalry to participate in the battle, the battle finally stabilized.

Soon after the left-wing Jungar soldiers entered the Qing army's formation, the right-wing Jungar army also rushed into the left flank of the Qing army.

The Qing army was in a bitter battle on both flanks, but it fought well on the central front. On the one hand, there are many Qing troops in the center and few Jungar soldiers, and on the other hand, the essence of the Qing army is also on the central front - this is not to say how capable the Eight Banners of the Forbidden Brigade are, but the firearms and armor they are equipped with are really excellent, and they are also the top in the country.

Seeing that every time the Junggar cavalry rushed up was driven back with guns and cannons by the Eight Banners of the Forbidden Brigade, and observing that the Junggers still had enough reserves in the rear, Feiyangu repeatedly decided to turn the defense into an offensive and implement the tactics of a central breakthrough, so as not to break through the two wings of the Qing army first.

"King Khan, the Qing people have attacked." Seeing the Qing army in the central part of the country rolling back, the people around Galdan were a little surprised.

"What's the matter," Galdan scolded. "The Qing people can rely on artillery to repel us, and we can also use artillery to repel the Qing people."

As he spoke, the artillery of the Dzungars was dragged to the front of the formation. Galdan had actually used arquebuses for a long time, but due to the fear of the Oros, he rarely had access to such powerful weapons as artillery, like other Mongol tribal leaders, and he had only paid a great deal to obtain these cannons today.

It's just that the superstition of artillery can't change the situation of the battle, just as the artillery of the Qing army had little effect on the cavalry that attacked high, and the artillery bombardment of the Jungger army at this moment only set off a very small wave in the Qing army's formation.

Seeing that the artillery could not be effective, Galdan who knew that he was at the last moment pulled out his sword: "Soldiers of Jungar, rush with me!" ”

Under the leadership of the brave Galdan, the remaining seven teams of Jungar cavalry and the remnants of the previous three teams rushed towards the Qing army without hesitation. Tens of thousands of horses' hooves rumbled, and their momentum shook the heavens and the earth, and for a while, the sight of the battlefield on both wings was also projected, and everyone knew that the final victory or defeat was in one fell swoop.

In the face of the fierce advance of the Jungar army, Feiyangu made the most correct choice. I saw that the Qing army first divided three thousand cavalry to meet it, although the eight banners of these cavalry battalions and forward battalions were inferior to the Jungar army in equestrian and archery skills, they were wearing double cotton armor, and their defensive power was far superior to that of the quasi-army, so although they did not completely block the charge of Galdan, the quasi-army's overwhelming attack was sluggish.

Taking advantage of the reduction of the quasi-army horse team, the Qing army desperately released the bird gun, and the dense projectiles made the Jungger riders in front of them turn over on their backs for a while. However, the paramilitary brigade eventually rushed into the Qing army's formation, but Galdan's efforts were declared null and void, and because the Qing army was so strong, the quasi-army, which had lost the impact of its horses, soon fell into a bitter battle

At this time, Galdan had no reserves, and Feiyangu, who still had spare strength, put the remaining reserves into the central war group in a timely manner, so although Galdan was invincible, the balance of victory and defeat was tilted in favor of the Qing army little by little

Kaldan's worst fears finally came true, Xu predicted the fall of Kaldan, and gradually the Khalkha Mongol soldiers began to flee the battlefield, and the collapse gradually expanded, until later there was a situation where the entire 100-man team fled on horseback.

"It's over." After breaking through the siege and coming to a slope, Galdan didn't have time to let the war horse under his crotch breathe, when he saw this scene of heartbreaking, he muttered like a dead heart. "It's completely over."

"It's not over," the guards on the side stunned the Great Khan of the Eastern Dzungar Empire. "Take the Khan King away, go back to Kobdo, and have a chance to make a comeback"

The guards who broke through took away the Galdan and the last hope of victory for the Dzungar army