Chapter 818: The End
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On September 18, 1847, at 10 a.m., Wei Yuan, the Imperial Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs, and the Russian plenipotentiary Putiatin reached an agreement on ending the war between China and Russia and restoring peace. The two men signed their names on behalf of the Chinese Empire and Russia, respectively, on the peace treaty. This represents the official end of the war between China and Russia. The war, which began last September and ended in September this year, has left both China and Russia exhausted and paid a huge price in the course of the year.
Of course, as the victorious side of the war, the Chinese Empire once again gained great benefits in this war.
The treaty stipulated that Russia, as the party that started the war, formally apologized to the Chinese Empire and promised not to commit similar acts against the Chinese Empire in the future. Second, the border between China and Russia, bounded by the Ergiz, across the Erghiz River Omsk, belonged to the Chinese Empire. Third, Russia paid 120 million pounds sterling in war reparations to the Chinese Empire, and gold was used as the means of payment, and within a month after the signing of the treaty, Russia was required to transport the more than 900 tons of gold to the Chinese Empire. Article 4 The Treaty shall enter into force on the date of signature. China and Russia have officially ended the state of war, and the two countries will return to peace.
However, in this negotiation. There are also a number of issues that have not been implemented. For example, Russia did not offer to redeem the more than 800,000 prisoners of war captured by the Chinese Empire. Maybe the Russians forgot about it, or maybe the Russians didn't care about the prisoners of war at all. With a total population of more than 60 million, Russia is far from being comparable to the Chinese Empire, but there is no other country in the Western world that can compare with Russia. More than 800,000 prisoners of war for Russia. It's nothing.
Before the war between China and Russia, many countries in the world were not optimistic about the Chinese Empire, believing that the empire was seeking its own death. Russia is the hegemon of Europe. Even the former Napoleon the Great led to the collapse of the empire because of his crushing defeat in Russia. The Chinese Empire may become the next First French Empire. Moreover, fighting in Siberia, the Chinese Empire's logistical supply lines would be extremely fragile. The Chinese Empire wanted to win. That's almost impossible.
However, the ensuing battle left all countries stunned. The Chinese Empire annihilated the Russian Expeditionary Force in the Battle of Eastern Siberia. Later, in the Battle of West Siberia, the main force of the Russian West Siberian Front was wiped out. In these two battles, the Chinese Empire annihilated 1.1 million Russian* troops. Even if it is the army lost in China before, Russia has already paid more than 1.3 million losses in this war. Almost equal to the total number of standing forces of the Russian Army before the start of the war. The Chinese Empire's performance in this war once again exceeded everyone's expectations.
Although, in the midst of this war. The losses paid by the Chinese Empire were also significant. The casualties of the troops amounted to more than 100,000. A lot of all kinds of war materials were consumed. The military expenditure for the entire war is estimated to exceed 200 million Chinese dollars. However, this contribution is insignificant compared to what the Empire has gained in this war. Millions of square kilometers of land in Siberia once again expanded the empire's territory. Siberia may seem a bit barren now, but it is rich in resources. The oil and gas resources that will be used in future generations, as well as various mineral deposits, as well as timber and so on, are all valuable assets. In addition, as much as 120 million pounds of war reparations, when converted into Chinese dollars, is a full 480 million Chinese dollars, which is already more than twice the military expenditure paid by the empire. More than 800,000 Russian prisoners of war will make the empire no longer short of labor for a long time. The empire wanted to build railways and highways in northern China, as well as in northwest China and Siberia, which required a large amount of labor, and in order to speed up the construction as much as possible, many times it did not care about human life. If you use your own citizens, Emperor Long Yufei will not allow it. But, in the words of Russian prisoners of war, there is nothing left.
"Your Majesty, Lord Wei Yuan has just signed a peace treaty with the Russian representative Putiyatin. Except for the reduction of the war reparations to 120 million pounds, the Russians have accepted the rest of the conditions. After receiving the telegram from Hong Kong, Foreign Minister Lin Zihao immediately reported to Long Yufei. The military and other ministers of the Cabinet, after receiving the news, also rushed to the palace.
"Haha, that's great. This war is over! Long Yufei also breathed a sigh of relief. Moreover, the war reparations amounted to 120 million pounds, which was 20 million pounds more than the bottom line he had originally proposed. If converted to Huayuan, it is 80 million Huayuan. That's a lot of money! The military spending of the Imperial Army and Navy for the next two years has been settled.
"Your Majesty, now that we have signed a peace treaty with the Russians, then the hundreds of thousands of troops we have deployed on the West Siberian Plain can be withdrawn! With so many people in the West Siberian Plain, the daily consumption of supplies is an astronomical amount, and the logistical pressure is very high. Prime Minister Li Decheng said. After the advance of the Imperial Army's front to the Western Siberian Plain, the logistical supply lines were already thousands of kilometers long. This made the logistical pressure of the empire frightening, not to mention that a hundred kilograms of grain were transported from the rear to the front, and after deducting the losses on the way, there were only ten kilograms left. Ninety percent of it was consumed on the road.
"Hmmm! The war is now over, and the troops on the front line need to be withdrawn gradually. After the Russians pay us war reparations, the troops at the front will retreat one after another! Long Yufei said. It's already mid-September, and after October, Siberia will enter winter. When the time comes, the weather will be bitterly cold, and too many troops will be deployed in the Western Siberian Plain, which will be a disaster for the Empire.
"Yes, Your Majesty!" The Chief of the General Staff, General Niu Meng, nodded. It will not be easy to withdraw the troops before winter, at least to the Mongolian steppes.
"Your Majesty, this time Russia has paid us as much as 480 million Chinese dollars in war reparations. How is this war reparations going to be used? Prime Minister Li Decheng asked again. Cabinet officials are staring at the war reparations. In particular, industrial construction and transportation construction are like flowing water. The restoration of the northern part of the empire also required a lot of money.
"I remember that for this war, we have borrowed hundreds of millions of Chinese dollars in national bonds from the people. Pay back the money first. The remaining money, 200 million yuan, was allocated to the cabinet for use, and the rest was reserved for the operation of many United States, as well as the replacement of weapons and equipment of the military. Long Yufei said. Before the destruction of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, from the hands of those nobles of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, almost 500 million Chinese yuan was obtained. All this money has been sprinkled on domestic construction. At present, the country's economic development is doubling every year, and fiscal revenue is also doubling. To put it bluntly, the empire's annual financial revenue has now surpassed that of Britain. Of course, if you add the wealth plundered from the colonies every year, the British are more than the Empire. Besides, the empire also needs to spend a lot of money, and in terms of wealth, it is far from being comparable to the British.
"Your Majesty, did the military use 180 million Chinese dollars? Isn't that too much? Prime Minister Li Decheng asked.
The generals of the military are a little dissatisfied with this. The cabinet has already allocated 200 million Chinese dollars, do you still want this 180 million Chinese dollars? It's just that Prime Minister Li Decheng was originally highly respected on Flying Fish Island, and many of the senior generals in the military were from Flying Fish Island. In addition, Prime Minister Li Decheng is about to step down, so everyone doesn't want to offend him.
Long Yufei waved his hand to stop the controversy on this issue: "Prime Minister, don't talk about this issue any more, I have other arrangements for this military expenditure of 180 million Chinese dollars!" ”
Some time ago, Long Yufei realized the weakness of the imperial navy, so he planned to invest a lot in this area next. In addition, the logistical pressure of the Imperial Army is too great, and he is also ready to focus on solving this problem, and after the Academy of Sciences develops cars and trucks, he will purchase cars and trucks for the army on a large scale, so that the logistics and transportation capacity of the Imperial Army will be greatly enhanced. These all cost a lot of money. A large part of the military expenditure of this 180 million Chinese yuan will be used in these places. In particular, in automobile and research and development, engaging in scientific research is originally burning money. Even with Long Yufei's guidance, scientists and engineers can avoid some detours. However, because of the lack of qualified materials, the empire's investment in scientific research is still very amazing.
Of course, now the empire is far behind the West in scientific research, and it is impossible to catch up with and surpass the West without increasing investment. Although the development of the steam engine has not yet entered its heyday, the era of internal combustion engine and electric power, because of the emergence of Long Yufei, has come in advance. If China wants to gain an advantage in this area, it must invest more in this area. Long Yufei didn't want the empire to fall behind the Western world again.
"Yes, Your Majesty!" Li Decheng nodded, so he had to say nothing more.
Later, Emperor Long Yufei hosted a banquet for cabinet ministers and military generals to celebrate this great victory. After defeating the Russians, the empire can be regarded as a truly world-class power, and no one dares to underestimate it anymore. (To be continued......)