1041, the Tang Dynasty in the eyes of Westerners (2)

Because in recent years, Datang has gradually begun to resume trade and business exchanges with Western countries, and some Western businessmen who are unwilling to be second-class dealers have also come to Datang in the East, and they have also settled in Chang'an. And these Western businessmen say more or less, and they are mainly people from the Eastern Roman Empire. Therefore, in the case of the same language and the same species, they can also take the initiative to form a group, and then form a club club dedicated to receiving Westerners. And these Western businessmen get together from time to time to discuss business visits, and talk about some interesting things, anyway, it is also a place for businessmen to exchange business.

And this situation is actually quite normal, after all, human beings like to hold together. Just like when Chinese went abroad later, they spontaneously formed Chinatowns as a settlement for Chinese. The same is true for people in other countries, as long as they go abroad, they will find a way to connect with people in their own country and then help each other together. Of course, this must be done if there are enough expatriates, and if there are not many expatriates, then it is another matter. Of course, this also changes with geographical disparities. If it's the same country, then people from the same province will also hold each other. If you go abroad, then you will become a group of people from the same country. Even, if one day the earthlings go to the universe, it will be the entire earth's human beings huddled.

So these Westerners came to the East, and they were mainly from the Eastern Roman Empire, so they were naturally able to come together. And now they are also discussing things about the Tang Dynasty, after all, they really feel too much admiration for this Eastern Empire.

"Where we are now is the capital of this ancient empire, called Chang'an. When I was in Rome, I never imagined that there would be such a huge city in the world. And when I was in the Roman Empire, I only heard that our capital, Constantinople, had a peak population of 500,000 a hundred years ago. But now it's declining, because our officials simply can't manage that many people. And this Chang'an City is now 800,000, if it doesn't take more than ten years. I'm afraid it will be able to break through one million. It's hard to imagine how this ancient country in the East managed a city of millions of people! ”

This guy is right, because Constantinople in the West actually has hundreds of thousands of people at present, almost a hundred years ago, it was 500,000 people. Later, however, they limited the population, as the officials of Constantinople were simply not equipped to manage a population of millions. The pressure on their population of 500,000 was already very high, so they had to release the population and finally gradually lower the population. But Chang'an is different, Chang'an can manage more than 500,000 people, and even the city of Chang'an is still devouring more and more people. Obviously, less than a million will not give up.

So this is what everyone is amazed at, because the Chinese can manage a city with millions of people, which is amazing. And they don't know that this is actually related to China's bureaucracy, although many people in later generations scolded the ancient bureaucracy, but for the ancients, the vast majority of China's bureaucracy was at the forefront of the world. China's bureaucratic system is actually a great invention in China, which has evolved over thousands of years and has been perfected day by day. Many people scolded the bureaucrats of antiquity. However, it was because they enjoyed the benefits of a higher bureaucracy in later generations, so they looked down on the ancient bureaucracy. However, it cannot be denied that there was a better bureaucracy in the contemporaries, and that was China. Because of a good bureaucracy, China's urban management has reached its peak. A city capable of accommodating a million people.

"It's a place where there's a lot of stuff that we need in the West, and we need almost everything. Porcelain, silk. Tea, and countless other things we need, and these things are in short supply in our West. And the grain production in the East is particularly high. All kinds of food and living utensils are also very complete, which is much better than our Roman Empire. Here, as long as you have money, you can buy a lot of things, and you don't have to worry about having money and not being able to buy things. The life of an ordinary person here can almost be compared with that of our small aristocracy in the West. Every common person has his own land and can produce his own products. And our lands in the West are all big aristocrats, and ordinary people don't have much land at all! ”

This merchant of the Roman Empire also saw that China was rich in products, while Western contemporaries did not have it at all, in fact, this is the trade gap between the West and the East. The West needs too much of the East, but the East doesn't need much of the West. The West is taking all kinds of gold and silver, as well as all kinds of extravagant gems and other things in exchange for things like silk and tea in the East. In this case, in fact, the East and the West have always been in a situation of trade difference, except that the East has a surplus, while the West has a deficit. Of course, people in this era simply cannot understand the advantages and disadvantages of trade surpluses and trade deficits.

In Datang, only Jingwen can know the advantages and disadvantages of poor trade. However, now Jingwen knows that the trade difference is actually good for himself, that is, it can bring a large inflow of gold and silver. Datang currently adopts the copper standard, and every qiē is based on copper coins. The amount of gold and silver is too small, although Jingwen also minted some gold and silver coins, but these gold and silver coins are still not the mainstream in the market. If there is a large inflow of gold and silver from the West, then of course it would be best. Historically, gold and silver could be truly monetized, because during the Western Age of Discovery, a large amount of silver continued to flow into China, so it was later able to monetize silver in the Ming and Qing dynasties. However, at present, there is not a lot of silver in China, and if you want to monetize it, you still have to trade a lot of money to exchange it. And this kind of trade between the East and the West is to plunder the gold and silver of the West through guò trade. This is something that can be seen in Jingwen's superficial economics, and anyway, the trade surplus is still very good for China now. Over the years, Jingwen not only did not come forward to suppress foreign trade, but also subsidized foreign trade merchants to bring gold and silver resources to the banks. (To be continued......)