Chapter 15: The Controversy between the Ancient and the Modern

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Cai Yong's collection of scriptures, history, dictionaries, calligraphy, and books is said to have collected more than 10,000 volumes, nearly half of which were given to Wang Cang, and the remaining half, as well as his personal works, were scattered in the war. In the original history, Cai Wenji stayed in Hu for 12 years before being picked up by Cao Cao, saying that he had read 4,000 volumes of books in his family, but only more than 400 articles could be written silently. And in this time and space, because she didn't have those twelve years of ups and downs, with her superior memory, she could remember more than ten times.

When the banquet was for Xun and Wang Cang, Cai Yan had already written nearly 100 texts created by Cai Yong with the help of several female officials who were proficient in writing and ink sent by Cao Cao, including poems, fu, tablets, edicts, inscriptions, praises, proverbs, hangings, discussions, blessings, chapters, and secretaries. The two of them divided these articles on the spot, poems, fu and other literary and artistic works, all of which belonged to Wang Cang, and the chapters, tables, secretaries and other applied texts were packed by Xun.

On the one hand, it was enough for Shixun not to go too far on the road of a literary scholar to maintain his current reputation, and he felt that he should devote more energy to scriptures, histories, and epigraphs—in a broad sense, it could also be regarded as a "wen", but it was a more applied rather than lyrical "wen". On the other hand, he is full of poems and songs of later generations that can be plagiarized or borrowed, and he remembers relatively little of the application text, and it is not suitable for plagiarism in the whole text, so he should take advantage of this opportunity to learn from the late Cai Zhonglang.

After returning home, he called Wu Zhen and several other guests and asked them to copy a copy of Cai Yong's text that he had collected. As for the original. It should still be dedicated to Cao Cao earlier. This thing knows the taste of the marrow. It's really addictive, as soon as he finished copying and reading it here, he hurriedly went to Cai Yan again, saying that you still wrote down as many as you wanted, give it to me, give it to me.

Time was quickly wasted in the process of learning, and finally ushered in the New Year's Day. At the time of Luoyang, the Zhengdan Dynasty was stipulated to be held in the Deyang Palace. After the move, the scale of the palace became smaller, but the main hall still used the old name. It was not yet dawn that day, Shi Xun was dressed neatly, and came to the palace gate by carriage, when the night leak was not over, the palace gate was wide open, and he strode to the front of the Deyang Palace according to the schedule.

Rules of the Han Dynasty. More than 2,000 stones entered the palace to see him, and the rest congratulated His Majesty. However, the Deyang Hall of Xudu is only half the size of Luoyang, so only two thousand stones can go to the palace, and it is Xun who is more than a thousand stones, and he has also been squeezed from His Majesty to the bottom of the stairs - well, in fact, it can also be called "Majesty Xià"......

The first step of the court ceremony is for the official representatives (mainly the prince and the marquis) to present congratulatory gifts to the emperor, and the Shaofu Taiguan orders the emperor to represent the emperor and give wine and food to the donor. In the second step, the officials from all over the country contributed books, that is, documents that reflected the situation in various places this year--only the areas that the imperial court could control now were the three prefectures of Yan, Xu, and Henan under the jurisdiction of Cao Cao, as well as Lujiang County in Yangzhou, and the other regions had to arbitrarily assign individuals to pretend to take the books of previous years to make up the numbers.

In the third step, the palace and the hundreds of officials of the palace knelt down together, shouted "long live", and lived to the Son of Heaven. In the fourth step, the Taiguan ordered the Son of Heaven to give hundreds of officials wine and food - that is, to open a tea party and watch theatrical performances. It's just that the Royal Dance Band has long since dispersed, and the number of temporary new teams is limited, and the program is even more limited, which makes Shixun look sleepy. Of course, he didn't dare to doze off openly, so he had to cover his face with his sleeve and yawn quietly.

I once heard that starting from Emperor Guangwu, the Zhengdan Dynasty would often hold a debate meeting after the Zhengdan Dynasty, so he did a review in advance, and even made a little cheat sheet. It's a pity that now that the Xu Du Imperial Court has newly created, the doctors of the Five Classics have not been recruited, and Cao Cao is not very interested in the scriptures, so this time it was not held at all. Before the sun was noon, the Taiguan decree announced the end of the court meeting, and invited the hundred officials to leave the palace and return to their respective homes.

It was Xuncai who stood up and relaxed his muscles and bones, and was about to leave, when he suddenly heard Lang Guan calling: "The Son of Heaven summoned Shaofu." "It's Xun Xin who said, why do you want to see me at this time? Wouldn't it be because the Son of Heaven was not very happy that he couldn't hold a debate, so he wanted to discuss with me and strive to hold it next year, right?

He guessed really well, Liu Xie met and really asked: "I can't debate the scriptures today, is it a pity?" "It's Xunxin who said that I reviewed it in vain last night, and from this point of view, it's really a little regretful, but ...... In my opinion, it's better to never do this kind of event again. Of course, he couldn't answer Liu Xie like this, so he had to comfort him respectfully: "Xu Chujian, the doctor is incomplete, so it is difficult to debate the scriptures." However, the new capital is established, the world will be safe, and the talented people from all over the world will inevitably come in waves. Don't worry. ”

Liu Xie said that I sent someone to Qingzhou to recruit Zheng Kangcheng a while ago, but unfortunately he resigned from illness and refused to come, otherwise you would like to help you go on a trip to persuade him? Did Xun Xin say that I was a professional on business trips? It's been less than a month since I came back from Huayin, and you want me to go to Qingzhou again? Besides, I plan to take leave to go back to Juancheng to see my son after the year. However, he couldn't directly refute the emperor's face, and after a long silence, he suddenly spoke: "I'm afraid that I will go to Xu Xun, and Master Zheng will not come to Xu to take office or give lectures." ”

Liu Xie frowned and asked, "What is the reason?" Shi Xun pretended to be embarrassed and smacked his lips until Liu Xie asked, "But it's okay to say." Only then did he boldly reply: "Among the doctors of the Five Classics, there is no place for ancient texts!" ”

The Han Dynasty scriptures are divided into two schools, modern and ancient, among which the modern literary school was born earlier, the so-called "modern text" refers to the Confucian classics collected and sorted out by the Han people after the Qin fire, because it was written in the popular official book (modern text) at that time, so it was named. After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty "deposed a hundred schools of thought and respected Confucianism", he was only served by the children of Confucianism, specializing in the study and dissemination of the core of Confucianism, so he was named "Doctor of the Five Classics".

Emperor Wu initially established the "Doctor of the Five Classics", a total of seven, compared with the Shidie, after entering the Eastern Han Dynasty, fixed to fourteen, namely Shi, Meng, Liangqiu, Jing's four "Yi", Ouyang and the big and small Xiahou's "Shangshu", Qi, Lu, Han three "poems", big and small Dai's "Li", and Yan, Yan two "Spring and Autumn" ("Ram Biography" and "Gu Liang Biography").

At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, there was the rise of "ancient scriptures", the reason for which was that many ancient texts written in the script were found one after another, and the people of the time reinterpreted them and formed their own school, so they were called "ancient texts". The differences between ancient and modern classics are: first, they oppose the over-sacredness of Confucius and oppose the theory of prophecy; the second is to pay attention to the research of the ancient canonical system, rather than just picking out the words, looking for or even attaching the "small words and meanings" from ancient books; The third is to pay attention to the integration of the Five Classics, rather than just holding on to a scripture for the rest of your life.

When the ancient literature arose, the modern literature was already a proper official school, so in addition to the academic dispute, the two factions gradually mixed into the conflict of interests. Ancient scholars have diligently squeezed into the circle of doctors so that their own theories can be officially recognized, but now literary scholars, in order to protect their own position and the position of their own school, have held many public or private debates. In fact, in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, the ancient literature school has become popular, and the modern literature school has gradually declined. In other words, no matter how prosperous the ancient literature is, it is also a private study, and no matter how much the modern literature declines, it is also an officially recognized thought.

In the original history, after the Wei and Jin dynasties, there was no doctor of the Five Classics, and the inheritance of Confucianism entered a period of confusion. In the development of ancient Chinese intellectual history, metaphysics is in a very important position, but it has failed and regressed in terms of strengthening the central rule and cultivating the martial and energetic spirit of the Han people.

Yes Xun doesn't like metaphysics very much, but this is not the main reason why he said that to Liu Xie - he hasn't been able to think that far ahead, after all, he didn't study the history of ancient thought in his previous life - he was just thinking, if he could make ancient literature and classics, especially Zheng Xue, become an officially recognized thought, get a doctor, retake Taixue, and spread it widely, then his reputation as a Zheng Sect can also be passed on to a higher level.

When Liu Xie heard Shi Xun's words, he couldn't help but groan, and only said for a long time: "I also like ancient texts more, and I especially admire Zheng Kangcheng's learning." However, the law of the ancestors can be changed suddenly? Do you have what it takes? "If I were really an emperor who had the final say, it would be a little possible, but I am not yet an adult and pro-government, so I can't use my strength.

Shi Xun persuaded Liu Xie: "Who is the law of the ancestors? If according to the law of Gaozu, all schools of thought can be doctors; According to the law of filial piety, there are only seven doctors of the Five Classics; According to the law of filial piety, "Gu Liang" is not included in official learning. In the past, the doctors were replaced, and they were all brought to the front of the emperor, so that the doctors debated the scriptures, and now the doctors are scattered, how can they argue ......"There were more than 100 doctors in the Five Classics at the peak, and the number of Taixue students reached more than 30,000, but now there are less than ten remaining doctors in the Xudu court, and Taixue has not been built at all-" If you don't take advantage of this time to revive the study of ancient literature, I am afraid that it will be more difficult in the future. Xun thought that if His Majesty agreed, the three dukes agreed, and Shangshu was willing to make the edict, then Gu Wen could enter the official, and Mr. Kang Cheng would also be happy and happy, and he would be dressed up. ”

It seems that Liu Xie really respects Zheng Xuanna, and when he heard Shi Xun's last sentence, his little face was full of brilliance, and he immediately slapped the table: "I agreed to be invited by Qing, so I asked Shi Qing to ask Cao Sikong how to assert it." "The child is not stupid, he knows that now the three dukes in the court, only Cao Cao has the final say, Yang Biao and Zhao Wen are all false, and Shangshu Ling Xun Yu is Cao Cao's person, as long as Cao Cao agrees, it is not equivalent to the three dukes agreed, and Shangshu is willing to make an edict? (To be continued)