There are many aspects to the rise of the Netherlands in the 17th century, and one has to carefully analyze the various factors and conditions for its success.

This seems to be a myth that has opened a golden finger, a small Western European country with a population of just over a million can dominate the world, and the plot is close to the popular farming crossing text. However, it is undeniable that the Bank of Amsterdam, established in 1609 AD, laid an extremely important foundation for the establishment of an efficient and sound financial system and the establishment of world economic hegemony in the Netherlands in the 17th century, and became an extremely important link in the rise of the Netherlands.

Its special significance to the rise of the Dutch economy is not limited to traditional deposit and exchange financial instruments. Using high-quality bank money, the Bank of Amsterdam established a high-standard, robust monetary and financial platform for the frequent and chaotic European trade and currency circulation at that time.

The high level of security and convenience of the Bank of Amsterdam's national reserves of high-quality currencies and bills has made the bank the foremost clearing bank on the Atlantic coast of Western Europe and the North Sea. With the rapid expansion of overseas trade with the Dutch, confidence in the bank's currency rose, and the Bank of Amsterdam began to take on an international character.

The Dutch merchants also concentrated payments for cross-border trade in the Netherlands, and the Bank of Amsterdam developed into an important clearing house in the world in the 17th century. Even more frighteningly, the Bank of Amsterdam used an innovative combination of precious metals trading and money and credit to give the bank a strong supply of silver, and the Dutch currency became the most trusted means of payment in world trade.

Strong credit capabilities make the Board of Directors of the Bank of Amsterdam. To be able to circulate 200 million florin notes throughout Europe after a single meeting, and to be more popular than cash, something that no European monarch could have done in the 17th century.

France and England, the two most powerful European trade rivals, were both placed under the control of the Netherlands in trade settlements and monetary credit. Throughout the 17th century, Dutch merchants acted as intermediaries between the import and export trade between France and England, and Dutch merchants were able to change trade policy at will through guò credit.

The North American Development Bank, a commercial bank led by UnionPay Fund. Finally, we have ushered in the financial statements for the second quarter of this year.

According to the deposit wealth management plan launched by the North American Development Bank, there are currently fixed deposits, which are divided into four types: 6 months, 12 months, 24 months and 36 months. The corresponding deposit interest rate is naturally gradually increased.

The North American Development Bank's operations are limited to the South District of Manchurian, Long Island New Area, West Point, Silver Valley Town, Double Bay City in Bermuda, and the American Concession in Angra de Marsíjno, Azores, where radio connections are deployed.

When the North American Development Bank was established, everyone wanted to hold this sweet and sweet in their arms. However, the private nature of the North American Development Bank makes it impossible for the government to appoint management. The impact of the Li Hao incident in the Northern Campaign is not far-reaching, and every shareholder is not at ease about letting the management fall into the hands of "someone". Therefore, after some "careful consideration", the board of directors of the bank decided to hire private professional managers to manage it.

With behind-the-scenes oversight by the bank's board of directors, it doesn't matter if the front-office management isn't its own, and it seems that the bank's purse bag is "safer".

Andrian was one of the first merchants of the Dutch merchant ships to fall into the net three years ago. Before coming to North America, he used to be a small futures dealer who had been a scalping trader on the Amsterdam Futures Exchange in the Netherlands, but later went bankrupt because of the failure of his investment, so he took the risk and used his last belongings to try to make a profit in North America.

Andrian was thus chosen, and Andrian, who had a distinguished track record in the state-owned Import and Export Group, was hired as the first professional general manager of the North American Development Bank. In an instant, Andrian, who turned into a phoenix, became the top manager of the North American Development Bank with a monthly salary of $200. …,

Meantime. A Chinese man named Zhou Fu, a veteran bookkeeper who had worked in the central bank for several months, was also hired by the bank's board of directors as the chief financial officer of the North American Development Bank. Since its establishment, the North American Development Bank has had almost no cross-section from top to bottom, except for the board of directors of the bank.

Andrian is indeed a flexible brain, and a few small banking skills and knowledge training by the board of directors of the bank have made Andrian understand the main direction of the bank's development in the future.

In the 17th century, most banks in Europe made a profit simply from currency to huàn settlements. The low interest rate of absorbing funds is a bit of a novelty for Andrian, but high-interest lending is all too familiar. In the Netherlands at the beginning of the 17th century, bank lending had become the most familiar means of financial speculation for merchants. Who better knows how to lend money and invest than a former Dutch businessman?

Unfortunately, the ambitious Andrian only made the first half of the performance, and after his massive deposit advertising campaign, the dollar in the hands of residents began to enter the North American Development Bank bit by bit. After the gradual divestment of the deposit and loan business, the central bank also allowed many enterprises to deposit money directly into the North American Development Bank.

Over the past year or so. The North American Development Bank absorbed a total of $2.6 million, including $2.4 million in deposits from public or corporate enterprises and $200,000 in individual deposits from ordinary residents. It seems that the performance of deposits is very good, but the bank manager Andrian is a little sad.

Unlike the deposit business, which is climbing up every month, the loan business is too sluggish. From April last year to the present, the North American Development Bank has issued a total of $1 million in medium and long-term loans for the expansion of more than a dozen old enterprises and the establishment of new enterprises, and now there are still $1.6 million in funds on hand that have not been lent in the direction of lending, not to mention the millions of bank principal that the bank had when it was established, and the operation in the first year was basically a loss.

Especially after entering June this year, the medium and long-term loan business was only 30,000 US dollars in a whole month, but the medium and long-term deposits of enterprises that came in exceeded 200,000 US dollars. In the end, even if all the loan interest can be recovered on time, this income will still not be enough to pay all the interest on the deposit, and if it is not changed, it is likely that the bank's losses will continue to increase this year.

Andrian was no longer as energetic as he had been when he first took office, and he began to move around the major companies frequently. It's a pity that the silk capitalists, who are themselves behind-the-scenes investors and are not very bad at money, know the original intention of the establishment of the North American Development Bank, except for a medium-term loan contract of $100,000 for North Industries, there are not many promises under the euphemism, which makes Andrian anxious like ants on a hot pot.

In this strange 17th-century Chinese American Republic, there was still a bank begging for loans from entrepreneurs. The news inevitably reached the government's cabinet, and Finance Minister Liu Xin and Central Bank Governor Qian Weichang were also a little restless, and they single-handedly concocted UnionPay funds and commercial banks. You can't just start with it.

But the fact is that in addition to the financial needs to expand the scale of the business, people who can afford to start a business. In this country, they are not bad at money, and even they themselves are the financial blackhands behind the scenes in this country, how can there be a reason for their own left hand to earn their own right hand money?

However, the flow of capital in the world is still a relatively primitive initial stage. The rules and systems have not yet been truly established, and it is still in an uncontrollable and high-risk stage to solve the problem of the huge domestic currency stock of the superconductor and the large-scale financial investment in foreign countries. Even the foreign investment business that has been launched has only been tried in the Portuguese colonies in Brazil.

In short, the scale of the domestic industrial and commercial economy is too small, and in order to solve the financial problems of domestic currency circulation, it is necessary to expand the scale of domestic industrial and commercial operations, rather than relying solely on large-scale government expenditure. …,.

Monday, July 14, 1624.

Today is the launch date of the latest issue of Manchester City Weekly.

Thanks to a number of craftsmen among the immigrants of the Ming Dynasty. The humble profession of typesetting and printing was finally born. Manchester City Weekly, a subsidiary of Radio Manchester City, was officially launched after the start of spring this year.

The editor-in-chief of the newspaper is Zhang Ruohan, the largest literary and artistic youth who has traveled through the crowd. Zhang Ruohan is 29 years old and was a teaching assistant in the Chinese department of a vocational college before the crossing.

This high-achieving student can't resist his shoulders and can't lift his hands after crossing over, so he has never found his true positioning. First as a warehouse manager on a community council and then as an editor at Radio Manchester after the founding of the People's Republic of China, he was fond of poetry and confronted the widespread illiteracy from the 17th to the 21st century. The only few times he recited poetry on the radio, Zhang Ruohan felt like a fool, and he felt helpless every time.

But now, a copy of the Manchester City Weekly has finally found a new life for him, so that a small page must be his own, and he is not interested in anything else. He's just in charge of reviewing grammatical words.

Fortunately, a bunch of pseudo-literary youths who have nothing to do and take pleasure in submitting articles and bigwigs of major enterprises have begun to unscrupulously occupy the top spot in the "Manchester City Weekly", so that this first newspaper with the nature of the mouthpiece of the country's regular news and public opinion quickly became a super entertainment weekly after a few issues, bringing endless joy to the boring life of the capital's citizens.

Every Monday, Chinese or European-born citizens who are barely literate line up to buy a copy of the Manchester City Weekly at a number of kiosks in designated neighbourhoods, and then the literate citizens read a paragraph aloud to their friends and relatives who are still struggling to become illiterate.

For example, in April, the manure pit of an iron ore mine in West Point Town was infiltrated after heavy rain, and William, the mayor of West Point Town, and Mao Jian, the director of the Civil Affairs Bureau, who had gone to inspect the mine's infrastructure, fell into the manure water on the spot.

For example, in May, the first cavalry unit newly formed by the Wehrmacht Army, in the first riding adaptation training on the west bank of the Song River, the cavalry commander-in-chief, Lieutenant Tang Wei, was taken directly to the distant horizon by a runaway war horse, and then disappeared for a whole day.

For example, in June, advertisements of several major companies began to appear on the page, and the women's underwear brand under Yang Wenwen Life Investment Group appeared in the most obvious position of the newspaper in the form of high-definition hand-painted batik pictures, accompanied by various underwear and women's health topics written by Yang Wenwen herself. Then the bust of the female citizens on the street was significantly larger than before, and then the number of male work-related accidents in the factories and mines increased significantly within a whole month.

Such a variety of joys not only made a bunch of people laugh inside the crowd, but also made "Manchester City Weekly" popular among ordinary citizens.

Today, however, the newly published Manchester City Weekly is very different from what it used to be, with almost the entire page devoted to the latest financial policies of the country, as well as information on the current domestic and European markets. There is a great posture for reorganizing the publication of strict sù.

The headline on the front page is the "Private Economy Promotion Act" approved by Congress and promulgated by the government, followed by "North American Development Bank Launches Several Service Rules for Private Business Loans and Residents' Personal Consumption Loans". Moreover, the latter also has a nice name, the private business loan is called the "Daystar Loan", and the personal consumption loan is called the "Golden Sunflower Loan".

According to the provisions of the "Private Economy Promotion Act", the state fully opens up the examination and approval of the private economy of the people, and the citizens above the formal right of residence. You can apply to set up a private individual shop, and you can set up a joint-stock company above the permanent residency right, and the threshold is much lower than before. …,

Private Economy Promotion Act and the North American Development Bank's latest loan services. It is obviously the nature of mutual pursuit of singing and harmony.

Coincidentally, a private fund called "Ocean Fund" was also established, and the fund investors behind the scenes were in addition to UnionPay Fund. It also includes large companies such as General Industries and North Industries. In cooperation with the North American Development Bank, Neptune Fund has launched a low-interest or interest-free financial or technical equipment support for private companies with less than 20 employees, and the price to be paid is to allow Neptune Fund to hold a certain stake in the enterprise.

On the other hand, the newspaper contains information on the current trade in goods in the country as a whole and in the European market.

The demand for domestic building materials is strong and the supply exceeds demand; The inland river fleet under the state-owned energy and mining group is unable to undertake all the inland river transportation business, and the inland river transportation capacity is extremely tight; Bermuda's Shuangwan City has a bumper harvest of fruits in summer, and the deep processing of domestic fruits is in a vacuum; NORINCO launched a full set of tinplate packaging technology and equipment to seek business cooperation; New honeycomb coal stoves, glass oil lamps and other glass products are completely out of stock in Europe, and domestic production lags behind; Prices have risen in the European refined salt and sugar markets......

Numerous. They all seem to be saying the same thing: "There are opportunities to make a fortune everywhere, but it depends on whether you have the guts." ”

As for personal consumption, the "golden sunflower loan" is even more straightforward. Nationals who have the right of formal residence or more can pay in installments with a bank loan for certain types of goods that can be paid in installments through a bank loan, and they can also enjoy interest-free treatment for three months.

After a few sets of combinations, some of the European or Chinese residents who were holding newspapers or listening to others read to them were a little unable to sit still. Disclosure of economic information. It suddenly opened the eyes of countless people.

The next day, in the business hall of the North American Development Bank, there were many squirming European or Chinese residents. The North American Development Bank was dispatched from top to bottom, receiving all kinds of citizens with a sunny smile and incomparably meticulous reception, and even Andrian, the general manager of the bank, accompanied an old Chinese man in the corner to chat with a heartfelt message.

Day 3. A "thunderbolt" appeared. Mr. Monty, the foreman of the whaling fleet under the state-owned Agriculture, Forestry, Fishery and Animal Husbandry Group, has resigned!

The father of the historical Dutch admiral, who had permanent settlement, decided to start his own business, and he wanted to start the "Manchester City River Transport Company". Monty, a former Dutch boatswain with old national qualifications, had a higher limit on bank loans, so he pulled a dozen old sailors of the whaling fleet to resign en masse, directly obtained approval from the Department of Commerce, and then obtained a $40,000 "Daystar loan" from the North American Development Bank, and a $30,000 low-interest business support fund from the Ocean Fund.

Monty used the money to place an order directly with the Beiyang Shipping Company for three of the latest 220-horsepower river steam cargo ships. This new type of inland river steam cargo ship, which can carry more than 160 tons of cargo, can reach a speed of 6 knots against the current and more than 8 knots downstream, and its transportation efficiency is more than twice as high as the existing turtle crawling old river steam cargo ship!

After a long period of hard work, the Yarrow boiler and the 220-horsepower marine steam unit successfully developed by NORINCO Co., Ltd., in addition to the military for the real Yàn type Constitution sail light cruiser, the first batch of civilian customers was actually the Manchester City River Transport Company, which surprised many people.

According to the company's business plan, the Manchester City Inland Waterway Transport Company will undertake all inland waterway transportation business on the Song River, and charge transportation fees of US$2 per ton of cargo for general transportation and US$3 for urgent transportation. With the huge demand for river transportation on the Song River, Manchester City Inland Waterway Transport Company can undertake at least 4,000 tons of cargo transportation business every month, and it is easy to repay all the loans within two years.

Shi Yige, the boss of the Beiyang Shipbuilding Company who got the order, suddenly smiled from ear to ear, and the inland shipyard of the Beiyang Shipbuilding Company had just expanded the slipway facilities, which would immediately produce benefits. …,

This was just the beginning, and within a month, with the funding or technical support of the North American Development Bank and the Ocean Fund, several Chinese masons founded a cement building materials company; The salt and sugar company under the state-owned agriculture, forestry, fishery and animal husbandry group jumped out of a few old Chinese salt workers and sugar workers, pulled out a wave of people from the newly arrived Ming Dynasty immigrants, and established a private salt and sugar small enterprise; There are also several European business clerks who work for the state-owned import and export group, and quit to start a trading company; Catering giants Guanyun and Ouyang Ling cooperated with Ling Anyu, the owner of Lalazhen Restaurant, signed a blockbuster loan of 500,000 US dollars, ate the tinplate canning technology patent of North Industries Company, and began to establish the country's first canned food enterprise "Meilin Canned Food Company......

Hundreds of Chinese or European families across the country cautiously accepted installment payments, and the total amount of loans exceeded $10,000.

Throughout July, more than 20 small private shops and production enterprises of various sizes appeared, and with the exception of the Merlin Canned Food Company, the legal persons or shareholders of the other enterprises were all ordinary citizens without exception. The North American Development Bank also increased its lending by $900,000, finally smoothing out the interest on deposits from the future earnings on the books.

But these are not important in the eyes of Finance Minister Liu Xin, what he cares about is that the country's economy is finally no longer exhausted by hundreds of people "wearing many hats". The more ordinary people participate in it, the healthier development of the country's economy will be. Although only a small number of brave people can take advantage of this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to stand up, it is believed that in the near future, industrial and commercial civilization will definitely be able to blaze a trail in this country.

The emergence of UnionPay Fund, Ocean Fund and North American Development Bank, as well as more financial instruments coming to the fore in the future, will gradually make the abrupt figure of the crosser in the national economic stage disappear on the premise of continuing to grasp the lifeblood of the national economy. (Your support is my biggest motivation.) )