1 Cao Cao

That is, Emperor Wu of Wei. The word Mengde. Pei Guoqiao (now Hao County, Anhui) people. A famous politician and military strategist during the Three Kingdoms period

and writers. At the age of 20, he was filial piety and honesty, and served as the lieutenant of northern Luoyang and Jinan respectively. Cao Cao. During the suppression of the Yellow Turban Rebellion, Cao Cao gradually expanded his military liliang. In the third year of the first peace (192 AD), Cao occupied Yanzhou, divided and lured a part of the Qingzhou Yellow Turban Army, and was organized as "Qingzhou Soldiers". In the first year of Jian'an (196), the imperial capital Xu (now Xuchangdong, Henan) was welcomed. Later, he used his name to give orders, and successively cut down Lu Bu and other separatist shili. After the battle of Guandu broke Yuan Shao, it gradually unified northern China, and in the thirteenth year of Jian'an (208), he was promoted as the prime minister, led more than 200,000 troops to the south, and launched the famous battle of Chibi in history, which was defeated by the combined forces of Sun Quan and Liu Bei. In the twenty-first year of Jian'an (216), he was crowned King of Wei. After his death, his son Cao Pi was proclaimed emperor and posthumously honored as Emperor Wu of Wei. During his lifetime, Cao Cao built water conservancy in the northern tuntian, solved the problem of lack of military food, and played a certain role in the recovery of agricultural production; Employing people on the basis of meritocracy, breaking the concept of secular disciples, recruiting the middle and lower figures of the landlord class, restraining the powerful and strong, and strengthening the centralization of power. In the areas under their rule, the social economy has been restored and developed. He was proficient in the art of war, and wrote books such as "A Brief Explanation of Sun Tzu" and "The Art of War". Cao Cao not only showed outstanding talents in politics, economics, and military affairs, but also had high achievements in literature. Cao Cao, who was derogatorily portrayed in the romance, deservedly was the most famous military strategist and politician of the Three Kingdoms. Chen Shou: "At the end of the Han Dynasty, the world was in turmoil, and the heroes rose together, and Yuan Shaohu was strong and invincible. Taizu strategized and strategized, whipped the universe, Shen Shen, Shang's spells, the Han and Bai's strange strategies, the official materials, each because of its instrument, hypocrisy, not thinking of the old evil, and finally able to always control the emperor's machine, and become a Hongye, but its clear strategy is the best. Or can it be described as an extraordinary person, a masterpiece of the world. ”

2 Liu Bei

The word Xuande, a native of Zhuo County, Hebei, is a descendant of Liu Sheng, the son of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty, and the founding king of the Shu Han Dynasty of the Three Kingdoms. Famous military strategist, politician. Liu Bei lost his father when he was a teenager and made a living by selling shoes and weaving straw mats with his mother. During the Yellow Turban Uprising, Liu Bei organized volunteers and eliminated the Yellow Turban with the government army. After the princes were divided, Liu Beishili was weak, and often sent people under the fence, and successively took refuge in Gongsun Zhan, Cao Cao, Yuan Shao, Liu Biao and others, after several twists and turns, but still had no territory of his own. On the occasion of the Battle of Chibi, Liu Bei joined forces with Wu to resist Cao, won the victory, "borrowed" from Eastern Wu to Jingzhou, developed rapidly, annexed Yizhou, occupied Zhong, and established the Shu Han regime. Chen Shou: The ancestors of Hongyi are generous, know people and treat people, and have the style of ancestors and heroes. And its whole country is lonely in Zhuge Liang, and the heart is unrestrained, the sincerity of the monarch and the minister, and the prosperity of ancient and modern. The power of the machine is strategic, and Wei Wu is not arrested, but it is based on Ji Yu and narrow. However, if you are indomitable, you will not be the next one, and you will not tolerate the amount of the other, not only for profit, but also to avoid harming Yuner.

3 Sun Quan

Emperor Wu Guo. Sun Quan succeeded his brother Sun Ce at the age of 19, and defeated Huang Zu by taking Jiangdong. Later Eastern Wu united with Liu Bei and defeated Cao Cao's army in the Battle of Chibi. Eastern Wu later fought a fierce battle with Cao Cao's army near Hefei, and recaptured Jingzhou from Liu Bei, killed Guan Yu, and broke Liu Bei's crusading army. Cao Pi called the emperor, and Sun Quan first called himself a vassal to the north, and then built Wu himself as the emperor, and moved the capital to Jianye. He attached great importance to agricultural production, built water conservancy, developed the shipbuilding industry, connected Taiwan, actively engaged in diplomacy with India and other countries, and reduced taxes on many occasions, thus promoting the economic development of the southeastern region.

Chen Shou: "Sun Quan stoops down to endure humiliation, is still calculating, has the wonder of hooking and practice, and is the masterpiece of the British." Therefore, it can be good at the river and become the industry. However, there are many jealousies, and the result is killing, and in the last years, it is very good. As for slander and death, and the heir of Yin is abolished, how can it be said that the grandson is the one who conspires to use Yan Ji? Later, Ye Lingchi led to the overthrow of the country, which may not be due to this. ”

Princes

1 Liu Table

Liu Biao, the word Jingsheng, a native of Gaoping, Shanyang. He was well-known in the world when he was young, and was called "Eight Jun" with the seven wise men. He Jin was the general and served as a lieutenant in the Northern Army. The descendant Wang Rui is the history of Jingzhou Thorn, supplemented by the Kuai brothers, Cai Mao and others. He also entered the general of Zhennan, the pastor of Jingzhou, and became the Marquis of Wu. During his stay in Jingzhou, Liu Biao enwei and envy were well seduced, cleared thousands of miles, and the people were satisfied. He also opened a school, loved the people and raised scholars, and calmly protected himself. Yuan Shao, close to Zhang Xiu, Na Liu Bei, thousands of miles of base, with more than 100,000 armor, called the Jingjiang River, first killed Jiangdong Sun Jian, and then often resisted Cao Cao, is one of Cao Cao's strong enemies. However, Liu Biao is suspicious of human nature, better at sitting and talking, determined to be self-controlled, and has no ambition of the Quartet, and later spoiled his wife Cai, so that his wife Cai Mao and others gained power. After Liu Biao's death, Cai Mao and others abolished Chang Liyoung, and Liu Cong, the second son of his cousin, was the main one; Cao Cao marched south, Liu Cong surrendered to the state, and Jingzhou was lost.

Chen Shou commented: "Yuan Shao and Liu Biao are virtuous and well-known. The table spans Hannan, Shao Ying Yang Heshuo, but they are all wide on the outside and taboo on the inside, they are indecisive, they are talented but they can't be used, they can't be accepted when they hear goodness, they are abolished, and they are worshiped and loved, and as for the heirs, the society is overturned, and it is not unfortunate."

2 Lu Bu

Lü Bu was a brave and warlike prince of the late Han Dynasty, who fought with Ding Yuan and Dong Zhuo successively, and finally killed Ding Yuan and Dong Zhuo. After becoming an independent Shili, Lü Bu was an enemy of Cao Cao, and a friend of Liu Bei, Yuan Shu and other princes, and finally lost to the combined forces of Cao Cao and Liu Bei, and was defeated and killed. Although Lu Bu is brave, he has few strategies, is capricious, and is mercenary.

Chen Shou: "Lu Bu has the courage of a tiger, but he has no heroic strategy, he is cunning and repetitive, and he is mercenary. From ancient times to the present, there has never been such a thing as not to be destroyed. The people of the time said: "There is Lu Bu among the people, and there is Chi Su among the horses." ”

3 Yuan Shao

The heroes of the Later Han Dynasty. After He Jin was killed, he and Yuan Shu jointly killed the eunuchs. After being seized power by Dong Zhuo, he went to Jizhou to form an anti-Dong Zhuo coalition. After Dong Zhuo moved the capital to Chang'an, he coerced Han Fu to control Jizhou. Subsequently, in order to expand the scope of Shili, Qingzhou and the state were occupied one after another. After the annihilation of Gongsun Zhan, he pacified Youzhou and established a huge Shili in Hebei. In order to compete with Cao Cao, he sent 110,000 troops to cross the Yellow River, but was defeated in the Battle of Guandu. He then died on the way to defeat local rebellions and reorganize Jihua in Hebei.

Chen Shou: The outside is wide and the inside is taboo, the scheming is indecisive, the talent can not be used, the good is heard but can not be accepted, the heirs are abolished, and the rites are worshipped, as for the heirs, the society is overturned, and it is not unfortunate. In the past, Xiang Yu carried Fan Zeng's plot to lose his royal business; Shao Zhi killed Tian Feng, it is even more than Yu Yuan!

4 Gongsun Chan

Gongsun Zhan, born in Shuzuo, gradually became a Zhonglang general by relying on his own talents, confronting the northern ethnic minorities with a tough attitude, fighting bravely and shocking the frontier. Gongsun Chan was belligerent, and advocated a soft policy to treat the minority of the boss Liu Yu discord, the two gradually intensified the conflict, developed to attack each other, Gongsun Chan relied on his military talent to win more with less, killed Liu Yu, and hijacked the imperial envoy to get the governor of the four northern states of the authorization, assigned to assassin Shi, became the most powerful prince in the north. Gongsun Chan and Yuan Shao competed with each other and had an advantage in the early days, but because of his selfish strategy of only seeking self-preservation, he gradually lost the trust of his subordinates, was defeated by Yuan Shao, and was finally trapped in a high-rise building built by himself, setting himself on fire, and Shili was annexed by Yuan Shao.

Chen Shou: Gongsun Zhan Baojing, sitting and waiting to be destroyed, brutal and unrestrained, Yuan is still carrying the murderer, and covering his clan with his feet.

4 Ma Teng

Ma Teng, according to legend, is a descendant of Ma Yuan, the general of Han Fubo, with Qiang blood, joined the army at the end of the Han Dynasty, and was promoted to the military Sima because of his merits, and then united with Han Sui and others to rebel and divide one side. When Li Dao, Guo Yan and others were in power, Ma Teng was appointed as the general of the expedition to the west, stationed in Yicheng, and soon had a conflict with Li Dao, led the troops to attack each other, and the army was defeated and returned to Xiliang, united with Han Sui, and became brothers with different surnames. When Cao Yuan was fighting, Ma Teng, under the persuasion of Zhong Xuan and others, surrendered to Cao Cao and assisted Cao's army in defeating Guo Yuan, Gao Gan and others. Later, Ma Teng and Han Sui had a conflict and attacked each other. Cao Cao sent someone to persuade him, so Ma Teng gave up the troops, entered the court as an official, and was named a guard captain, and the troops were handed over to his son Ma Chao to manage. Later, because Ma Chaoxing rebelled against Cao Cao, Ma Teng was killed by Cao Cao and wiped out the three clans.

5 Zhang Lu

The grandson of Zhang Ling, the founder of Wudou Midao. The word Gongqi, Pei Guofeng (now Feng County, Jiangsu) people. Ling died, Ziheng went his way. Heng died, and Lu Fu did it. In the second year of the early peace of the Eastern Han Dynasty (191), Liu Yan, the pastor of Yizhou, was appointed as the superintendent of Yi Sima, and together with Sima Zhang Xuan of other departments, he attacked Hanzhong Taishou Sugu. Later, Lu killed him again, and he did the crowd. Secession of Hanzhong, the implementation of the five buckets of rice road, and the establishment of a theocratic regional regime, self-proclaimed "Shijun", do not place the chief, but to the "sacrificial wine" in the religion to manage the local administration. He ruled Hanzhong for nearly 30 years, set up a righteous house in the jurisdiction, provided free food and lodging for passers-by, and forgave the offender three times, and then punished him for committing another crime. The political situation is relatively stable, and it is supported by the Han and ethnic minorities. In the twentieth year of Jian'an (215), Cao Cao attacked Hanzhong, and Zhang Lu avoided Bazhong (now Sichuan). Soon he descended to Cao, worshiped General Zhennan, and sealed Langzhonghou. The Marquis of the Plains. After the failure of the Yellow Turban Uprising at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Taiping Dao could not be active publicly. Only Zhang Lu implemented the five-bucket rice road in Hanzhong, which won the trust of the people. After the demotion exercise, Wudou Midao obtained a legal status and was able to spread publicly, and its influence became greater. Later Taoists revered him as a "department teacher".

6 Yuan Shu

Yuan Shu, the word highway, Yuan Shao's cousin. When crusading against Dong Zhuo, Yuan Shu was responsible for escorting grain and grass. Because of jealousy, Sun Jian was not given grain and grass, so that Sun Jian was defeated by Huaxiong. However, Sun Jian adjusted his army in time and finally defeated Huaxiong. In 191, Yuan Shu asked Sun Jian to attack Liu Biao, and Sun Jian obeyed, but in the end Sun Jian was shot to death by Huang Zu in front of Xiangyang City. Yuan Shu adopted Sun Jian's eldest son, Sun Ce, in order to obtain the jade seal. Later, Sun Ce exchanged the jade seal for soldiers and horses, and pacified Jiangdong in one fell swoop. After Yuan Shu got the jade seal, he immediately announced that he was the emperor, and Cao Cao, Liu Bei, Lu Bu, and Sun Ce killed Shouchun City and defeated Yuan Shu. Yuan Shu fled to Runan and continued to serve as emperor. Later, he couldn't stay in Runan anymore, so Yuan Shu had to go north to join his brother Yuan Shao. I didn't want to be defeated by Liu Bei, who borrowed troops from Cao Cao on the way. After escaping to Shouchun, he vomited blood and died.

Chen Shou: Yuan Shu is extravagant and presumptuous, and his glory does not end his own, and he takes it for himself.

7 Liu Yan

Liu Yan, a native of Jingling, Jiangxia, was one of the makers of the theory of division in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the government was corrupt, the society was dark, and the ministers of the court saw that chaos was coming, and everyone was in danger. At this time, Liu Yan, as a member of the clan, was not seriously thinking about how to maintain the unity and stability of the Liu family, but was planning for his own personal future - trying to find a safe small place for himself in the troubled times. Therefore, in the fifth year of Zhongping (188), he wrote to Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty and suggested that the country would be in chaos now, mainly because the local officials in the prefectures and counties tyrannized the people, causing the people to rebel. Therefore, the imperial court should appoint a group of honest and prestigious ministers to serve as Mubo, and let them go to the local area to take control of the worsening chaos in the world. Liu Yan's suggestion was adopted by the imperial court, so a large number of important ministers were assigned to all parts of the country as state pastors, such as Zongzheng Liu Yu as Youzhou pastor, and Taifu Huang Wan as Yuzhou pastor. However, the imperial court did not expect that after these ministers with military power sat on one side, they would soon become a big problem for the central dynasty: they each supported their own troops, and their tails were too big to lose, and they no longer obeyed the command and mobilization of the central government. As a result, the situation of division and secession soon took shape in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.

Although Liu Yan's suggestion hastened the collapse of the Han Empire, it won him a piece of land and water for himself. In 188 AD, Liu Yan was appointed by Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty as the pastor of Yizhou, and was named the Marquis of Chengyang, and since then he has come to Yizhou, which he dreamed of. It is said that Liu Yan originally asked to be a pastor of Jiaozhi, but later heard that "Yizhou has a son of heaven", so he asked to be the pastor of Yizhou through a relationship. When Liu Yan was appointed as the Marquis of Baizhou, his family also ascended to heaven. Liu Yan had 4 sons: the eldest son, Liu Fan, was appointed as the general of Zuo Zhonglang in the Han court; The second son, Liu Dan, was appointed to make the imperial history: the third son, Liu Zhang, was appointed as the commander of Fengche; The fourth son, Liu Mao, was appointed as Sima of the other department. But when Liu Yan took office, he only brought his youngest son Liu Mao to Yizhou alone, while the other three sons stayed in the imperial court and moved west to Chang'an with Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty.

8 Zhang Miao

When he was young, he was famous in the township for his chivalrous deeds, and made friends with Yuan Shao, Cao Cao and a large number of official eunuchs. Later, he stayed too guarded for Chen, and together with Cao Cao, he raised troops to defeat Dong Zhuo, and the relationship between the two sides was quite close. At first, his status was Cao Cao's boss, but later he became his subordinate, and he was not Cao Cao's descendant, so although he was trusted and treated well by Cao Cao, he still doubted himself. When Cao Cao attacked Tao Qian, he rebelled against Lü Bu under the persuasion of Chen Gong, and fought with Cao Cao, who had returned to his division to quell the rebellion, in Yanzhou, but failed, and was killed by his subordinates on the way to Yuan Shu for help, and his family was wiped out by Cao Cao.

Nine pieces of embroidery

Zhang Xiu was Zhang Ji's nephew, who took over his troops after Zhang Ji's death, allied with Liu Biao, and settled in Wancheng. After surrendering to Cao Cao, because he suspected that Cao Cao was plotting against him, he soon rebelled and attacked Cao Cao, resulting in the death of Cao Cao's eldest son Cao Ang. After that, Zhang Xiu and Cao Cao fought many times, and Cao Cao could not conquer it. On the eve of the Battle of Guandu, Zhang Xiu surrendered to Cao Cao again at the suggestion of Jia Xu, and was worshiped as the general of Yangwu.

Chen Shou commented: The embroidery house group of thieves, the heroes, go to the perilly, and protect the ancestors, then they will be healed.

10 Dong Zhuo

Dong Zhuo was a Han general in his early years, quelled the rebellion of ethnic minorities in the West, and later participated in the crusade against the Yellow Turban Uprising, and was defeated several times, but he was still promoted to a former general and was in charge of heavy troops. Dong Zhuo supported his own troops, stationed troops in Hedong, refused to accept the imperial court's conscription and gave up military power, just in time for the Kyoto Rebellion, He Jin was killed, Dong Zhuo took the opportunity to enter Beijing, and controlled the central power. After Dong Zhuo abolished the young emperor of the Han Dynasty, established the Han Dynasty and offered the emperor, the alliance of the Kwantung princes crusaded against Dong Zhuo, Dong Zhuo gave up Luoyang and moved the capital to Chang'an. Dong Zhuo was cruel by nature, and after taking power, he expropriated and extorted violently, arousing public anger, and Zuihou was murdered by Wang Yun and Lu Bu.