In the dynastic revolution, the strongest were naturally the losers and the winners, followed by the intellectuals who were more cultural, and then the merchants and city dwellers, who made up the vast majority of the population, and the peasants, who accounted for the vast majority of the population, ignored them.

Also, the imperial grain that should be paid is the same, and the national taxes and miscellaneous contributions that should be paid are the same, and the peasants have reason not to care about the changes in the current situation. In other words, the change of the situation or even the change of dynasty has little to do with the peasants.

But this time it seems to be different, a case in Zhecheng, Henan Province, made farmers feel that the world may really change.

The protagonist of the story is named Pan Liang, an ordinary farmer in Zhecheng, Henan. Pan Liang did a major event that shocked the township party after the year, and even took Xu Gongliang, the big landlord of the Jiaji, to court, because his wife and brother Yan Wu'er were beaten to death by Xu Caidong's family.

Xu Gongliang Xu Caidong is not an ordinary person, he is not only a famous landowner in Zhecheng, but also has countless fields under his name, and also operates ticket number shops in Zhecheng and even Guide Chenzhou, with strong financial resources and the best in the local area. Not only that, the Xu family also has an official background, and most of their children have served in the government.

Pan Liang's brother-in-law Yan Wu'er rented nine acres of land for the Xu family, and also did some mason work in his spare time, helping people repair houses or something to subsidize the family. At the beginning of the year, Yan Wu'er was reluctant to farm anymore and was going to work in Yanzhou in the east. Although Yan Wu'er has never studied, this account is still easy to calculate, compared to work, farming is too cost-effective, tired like a dog all year round, barely enough to feed and wear. It was still a good year with good weather and good weather. If it is a disaster year, I don't talk about hunger, but I owe the landlord rent.

But Yan Wu'er's request to quit the lease was denied. The Xu family proposed that surrendering the lease was tantamount to tearing up the contract and that a compensation should be paid. Yan Wu'er naturally couldn't get that money.

So there was a dispute, Yan Wu'er felt the news of Shandong, and blamed the Xu family for being too domineering, the highest rent in Shandong was only two or five, and your Xu family actually received half of it! Not to mention the high rent, it is not allowed to return the rent! When I first rented your land, didn't you say that you couldn't just quit the lease? Bullying me for not being literate? Now it's not the Qing Dynasty. It was Shandong's Long Dashuai who sat in the imperial court! Watch out for your guys in the future!

Yan Wu'er has some prestige in the village. This time, he originally gathered more than a dozen poor brothers with skills to go to Yanzhou together. I didn't expect to be able to return the rent.

The one who "negotiated" with Yan Wu'er was the second housekeeper of the Xu family - he was in charge of the grange, and he was already suffering from the pressure brought by Shandong. Although the news transmission is slow, the news of rent reduction and interest reduction in Shandong has been coming continuously in recent years, making tenants more and more restless. Yan Wu'er's request must not be agreed. Otherwise, the tenants will all run to Shandong. Who will plant the owner's land? Therefore, the second housekeeper categorically rejected Yan Wu'er's request.

Originally, it was just an ordinary township dispute. But Yan Wu'er's scolding angered the second housekeeper...... The Xu family is used to being majestic, where can the tenants be so sloppy, so the second housekeeper handed it over with a look. The three family members went up and moved, "Dog minion, don't scare Lao Tzu with Mengshan Army, can you scare Master Xu?" ”

During the fight, Yan Wu'er was kicked in the waist and eyes, and was injured to the point, and died soon after he returned, and Yan Wu'er's eldest son was also injured and broke an arm. Yan's wife ran to her brother-in-law Pan Liang's house to cry, and Pan Liang became angry and went to the Xu family to theorize. The Xu family hindered Pan Liang's identity and offered to compensate for the matter. The life of a country man is very cheap, and it is not as good as half a ploughing ox. The Xu family is wealthy, so naturally they don't care. But this time, the compensation proposed by the Xu family was quite sincere, not only willing to compensate Yan Wu'er for the death of Yan Wu'er and his son's injury, but also privately gave Pan Liang a not small gift. Pan Liang is also a tenant of the Xu family, and the account office sent by the Xu family to send money said that the seven acres of paddy fields rented by the Pan family will be free of grain rent in the future! The villagers in the township, the family killed someone by mistake, and Master Xu was also very sad, and he had already scolded the family, and the matter was revealed!

The Xu family has the idea of destroying wealth and eliminating disasters. After all, it's not the Qing Dynasty, although the county government is basically still the same people, and even the county magistrate is the original county magistrate, but Pan Liang's identity is different from the past, and Xu Gongliang can't help but have scruples. If it was in the past, Master Xu would naturally not care about the death of a tenant.

Why is the Xu family afraid of Pan Liang? The reason is that Pan Liang's son is an officer of the Mengshan Army, who has made meritorious contributions in the Battle of Tingsi, and is now a battalion commander. Before the Spring Festival, Zhecheng County, in accordance with the instructions of the Central Military Region, also sent condolences to the Pan family, and nailed a red plaque reading "Glorious Military Family" on the door plaque of the three grass houses of the Pan family.

But Pan Liang didn't want to be private. did not accept gifts from the Xu family, and insisted on punishing the murderer. Since ancient times, killing people has paid for their lives, not to mention giving fifty silver oceans, it will be ten times more, and my hard-working brother-in-law will not survive, not to mention that my nephew will be crippled if he can't do it, this time I have to reason with Xu Caidong. Pan Liang said this to the villagers.

The Xu family didn't expect Pan Liang to be so uninteresting. Hearing that Pan Liangtuo Liu Xiucai wrote a complaint to sue the Xu family, Xu Gongliang was angry and embarrassed, did he think that his son could wrestle with Lao Tzu if he was a small officer with a sesame seed? I really don't even know how to write the word "death"!

Liu Xiucai was obviously threatened by the Xu family, so he temporarily changed his hexagram and said that he would not write anything to Pan Liang. In desperation, Pan Liang had to go to Zhecheng to file a complaint, but the county took the case, sent someone to the family to investigate, and replied to Pan Liang that the case was very clear, Yan Wu'er and the Xu family had a written contract in front, with Yan Wu'er's handprint on it, and the Xu family's request for compensation was legitimate, and the conflict that occurred later was also Yan Wu'er's mistake in the front, the Xu family was negligent and injured, and ordered the Xu family to compensate 20 silver dollars, and the land rented by Yan Wu'er was recovered by the Xu family.

This incident made Pan Liang laugh and talk in the family, and the honest villagers once again understood the prestige of Master Xu, Pan Liang was really crazy, and he actually fought a lawsuit with Master Xu, isn't that the old birthday star hanging himself for a long time?

Pan Liang was naturally mad and wrote a letter to his son, who led the troops in Shaanxi and Gansu, informing him of what happened. knows that far water does not quench the thirst of the near, and the current trouble still needs him to solve. Pan Liang seemed to regret not accepting the Xu family's original conditions, but the Xu family had the support of the government, no longer paid attention to Pan Liang, and didn't even let him enter the gate. Pan Liang was helpless and went to the county government to find the government's theory. However, he was ordered by the county to beat five boards in the name of noisy public court to show warning. Pan Liang didn't dare to fight with the government, and went back to find the Xu family, the Xu family naturally ignored it, Pan Liang was angry, and poured a bucket of thatched dung on the black lacquer gate of the Xu family, and was beaten by the family who rushed out to protect the owner. There were villagers watching when it happened, but the strange thing was that. Pan Liang disappeared. Two days later, villagers found Pan Liang's body in a pond four miles away from the Xu family's mansion.

The lawsuit resumed. During the Manchu Dynasty, unnatural deaths in the countryside were also reported to the officials, and the county sent a post-mortem. The conclusion was suicide. Pan and Yan were naturally unconvinced. But the official word has two mouths. said that it was impossible to say, and in anger, Pan Liang's wife hanged herself to find a short view.

This time it made the villagers angry. Some people say that Pan Liang was killed by the Xu family. So more than 100 peasants went to Zhecheng to cry out and ask the government to retry the case, but Zhecheng County ignored it.

Because the tenants surrendered the lease and brought out three lives, the matter spread throughout southeast Henan and soon reached the ears of the military. Half a month later, the Guide garrison sent an investigation team to Zhecheng to investigate the case, which aroused great interest among the villagers. As a result, there were villagers who couldn't look down on the Xu family's various bad deeds. Things took a turn for the worse, and soon a more advanced investigation team arrived in Zhecheng, reportedly assigned by the new commander of the Central Military Region, Xu Gongliang, the head of the Xu family, was detained by the military, and Zhecheng County Commander was suspended. The new county magistrate and the county officials were quickly in place and took over the case for retrial. Later, the news media also intervened, and reporters from several newspapers in Jinan came to Zhecheng to report on the retrial of the case.

What seemed like an ordinary case gradually became a big case that caused a sensation across the country. The trial was concluded a month later, and Xu Gongliang was sentenced to death for seven crimes, including embezzlement of other people's property, rape of women, arson, murder and wounding, and bribery of the government. At the same time, four people were sentenced to death by Zhecheng County Order, the second son of the Xu family, and their families, and eight people were sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment including Zhecheng County officials and the housekeeper of the Xu family, and all the property of the Xu family was confiscated and confiscated.

Pan Liang's case was completely reversed after the military's strong intervention. Soon spread from southeast Henan to the whole province, and then to Anhui, Shandong and other neighboring provinces. There are all kinds of rumors, and the mainstream is that the Xu family should not be, and they should not offend Mengshan Army in any case! That Pan Liang's son is a close confidant of Commander Feng and once saved Commander Feng's life on the battlefield. And Commander Feng is a famous god of killing, he cut off thousands of heads at one time in Gansu, because he is the right-hand man of Long Dashuai, no, he changed from the northwest to Jinan, and he is still the commander. Some people also say that the Xu family is a bully and deserves it. Now it's really not the Qing Dynasty, that bullshit county order took the benefits of the Xu family, reversed black and white, and was shot to death. Some people even say that the army can't manage local affairs, and the newspapers advertise the rule of law, which is good, and a group of soldiers come and make decisions for the families of the army without saying anything, and the future magistrates are afraid that it will be difficult to manage, who will dare to provoke the families of the Mengshan army?

The related issues raised by the case have been paid attention to by more and more high-level bigwigs.

First, does the tenant have personal freedom? Can a tenant relationship restrict the freedom of the peasant? This raises the question of whether a lease is a contract or not, and whether or not to abide by it. Second, should the military intervene in local legal disputes? Third, it is even more fundamentally flawed, because the central government has been unable to establish it for a long time, and the local government is in chaos.

The Beijing correspondent of Shandong News interviewed Hong Yuecheng, director of the Propaganda Bureau of the Central Military Commission. Hong Yuecheng clearly pointed out that tenants are not serfs and have indisputable personal freedom! The landlord was not allowed to restrict the freedom of the tenant by means of a so-called contract. The Constitution of the Republic, which is being intensively drafted, clearly regulates the rights of citizens, and no one is subject to unlawful personal detention except in violation of the law. As for the so-called contract itself, it is like the relationship between the employee and the business owner, the employee must obtain the consent of the business owner to enter the factory, and the business owner has no right to prevent the employee from resigning.

Hong Yuecheng started talking about "national politics" in this regard. Hong Yuecheng pointed out that China is a backward agricultural country at the present stage, and the peasants live in extreme poverty. The reason for this state of affairs is, first of all, the landlord land ownership system, including the land ownership of the clan temples under the landlord ownership system, that is, a small number of landlords and the spokesmen of the landlord class occupy a large amount of cultivated land, while the vast number of peasants are strictly lacking land. If we want to develop the country's economy and gradually realize the great goal of national industrialization, we must break the backward land ownership system! Not only that, but at the present stage, the countryside under the patriarchal system is still the basis of the entire industry. The backward land ownership system restricts the personal freedom of the peasants and binds the peasants to the land, and the result is to inhibit the differentiation of the peasants, and the final result will affect the industrialization of the country.

As soon as the conversation changed, Hong Yuecheng talked about the Zhecheng case itself. Why did the peasant surnamed Yan leave his hometown? It's because the rent is too heavy! According to the information reported by Henan, the rent collected by the landlord surnamed Xu is a fixed amount, that is, 200 catties of bud grain or equivalent other grains per mu of land. What does this mean? This means that the peasants have to pay 50% of the total harvest to the landowners. It's still a good time to be a good year! According to the report of the Guide Prefecture, the local area basically accounts for one of the good years, ordinary years and disaster years, and the landlords do not care whether the disaster year is a disaster year or not, and the rent is not wrong. Such a high ground rent. Such harsh conditions. It inevitably leads to extreme poverty among the peasants.

Some people say that the state should not interfere in the high and low rent, it is a purely commercial activity. No, this is not true, one of the functions of the state is to regulate economic behavior. The loss is more than enough to make up for the deficiency. New China will never allow such strict exploitation! I'm sure you've heard of it, too. The Agriculture Division of the Economic Bureau has formulated a series of policies on land, with the aim of curbing the powerful and assisting the weak. We will never allow such cruel exploitation to exist as Zhecheng.

On the reasonableness of the military's involvement in judicial investigations. The reporter of "Shandong News" also sharply raised questions, "Since the fall of the Manchurian Qing Dynasty and the establishment of the Military Commission, relevant leaders have talked on many occasions about the independence of the judiciary, and even talked about the separation of the military and the government and the non-interference of the army in politics." Why did the Zhecheng case finally have to be investigated and dealt with by the military? ”

Hung Yuecheng explained that we are firmly committed to judicial independence. To this end, the relevant organs under the leadership of the Central Military Commission have done a great deal of work, and the country's determination to exercise judicial independence will not waver. The final investigation and trial of the Zhecheng case was a last resort and could be regarded as an expedient measure. First, the case involved the stability of the army, and the army had to intervene. We cannot allow the army to shed blood and sacrifice for the country and the nation at the front, while their families are not protected. Second, because the old regime was still in operation and the new regime could not be established, there were a large number of corrupt and unscrupulous officials at the county and township levels, like the Zhecheng County Order, who continued the old way of thinking, brazenly colluded with the local tyrants, flouted the law, and disregarded human lives, causing great indignation among the people. It has been ascertained that the fact that Zhecheng has colluded with the gentry. In this case, it is difficult to get a reasonable solution by relying on the old system. We admit that the military investigation is not in accordance with the norms, but this will not be the norm, in the formal establishment of the country, there is a special system for judicial trials, and the parties who are dissatisfied can make a request to the court at a higher level in accordance with the relevant provisions of the procedural law, which cannot be done yet, but we will speed up the process.

"Shandong News" has always been the "royal" newspaper of Mengshan Army, and after interviewing Hong Yuecheng, the reporter was still unsatisfied, and also interviewed Fang Shengyuan, the newly married director of the political bureau, and a series of questions about the formation of the government were raised from the Zhecheng case. In fact, the whole country and even the whole world are concerned about the formation of the new regime, and it has been nearly five months since the Mengshan Army de facto took control of the whole country in October last year, and the central government has not yet been formally formed.

Fang Shengyuan answered a question from a reporter from Shandong News, pointing out that the reason why the central government has not been established for a long time is that there is no problem of the Mengshan Army's internal struggle for power and profit, which is rumored to be rumored, and there is no need to look at the eyes of the great powers. As for the assertion by the remnants of the Kuomintang that the Mengshan military regime has suffered a huge economic crisis, it is entirely on its own, and the thriving current situation in Beijing can refute their nonsense! The Central Military Commission led by Mr. Long has effectively assumed the central functions of the transitional stage, and has done a great deal of fruitful work in the areas of government formation, economic rectification, military consolidation, justice, education, the establishment of a central bank, and foreign affairs, thus laying the foundation for the establishment of New China.

So why is there a delay in the establishment of a central government? This is because the new government that Mr. Long Qian wants to establish is completely different from any other government in history, and it must not only be based on China's reality, but also learn from and absorb the experience of advanced countries. A democratic republic is a grand concept that contains a true meaning that is not yet understood by the majority of the people, such as the establishment of a parliament to oversee and check the government, which is a new institution. For example, the division of legislative, executive, and judicial powers needs to be studied and discussed repeatedly, and wisdom should be pooled to improve it. This is respect for the people, but also respect for history. But the Zhecheng case has exposed the cruelty of reality, the country has a new head, but the body is still old. For example, the Zhecheng county government was still under the Manchu system, regarded the people as mustard, and a large number of local tyrants held power at the most basic level, and even kidnapped the government, colluded with corrupt officials and corrupt officials, brutally oppressed the peasants, and hindered the progress of history. As to whether the Zhecheng case you just asked has received Mr. Long Qian's attention, I can clearly tell you that yes, Chairman Long Qian has noticed this extremely representative case and instructed that it should be retried and the victims should be given justice. This brings up the other question you raised, is the Mengshan junta hostile to the rich? First of all, I would like to correct your formulation, there is no such thing as a military junta, it is the military council that exercises the supreme power of the state! None of the laws and decrees that have been or are being enacted by the Military Commission are hateful to the rich. However, what kind of rich family is the Xu family in Zhecheng? How did the Xu family's wealth come about? Facts have proved that the accumulation of the Xu family's wealth is an extremely bloody process, and the Xu family is the local bully, and the evidence that has been verified is enough to prove my conclusion. No legitimate government can allow the evil forces in the township to exist like the Xu family! What the Mengshan Army wanted to defeat was not only the corrupt Manchu government, but also the evil forces that hindered economic development and social progress! It is to liberate the lowest peasants like Yan Wu'er and Pan Liang, so that they can get rid of the situation of serfs and become real citizens. Here, I would like to use your newspaper to warn the bully landlords across the country that the Central Military Region and even the Military Commission are concerned about the Zhecheng case not because Pan Liang's son is an officer of the Mengshan Army, but because they are victims of the old system. The new regime did not discriminate against the rich, but it was more important to help the poor, and it was characterized by the destruction of the backward land ownership system within the framework of the law and the complete liberation of the suppressed productive forces in the countryside in order to gradually industrialize the country. This is the real revolution.

The impact of the Pan Liang case was far-reaching, and it opened the curtain of the agrarian revolution. Without the Pan Liang case, the revolution would have taken place. However, due to the occurrence of the Pan Liang case, the process of the agrarian revolution was accelerated. In this sense, the dead Pan Liang and Yan Wu'er cannot be considered small people, because their names have been mentioned repeatedly for a long time. (To be continued......)