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Tang Ruowang popularized the historical knowledge of Russia's eastward invasion to Emperor Fulin in the palace of Throne Yu, and tried to answer the emperor's question just now, "Suddenly like a night, why did the Rakshasa enter the door", but Xiao Xuanye had already taken this opportunity to revisit the short historical fragment that he himself was familiar with, which was deplorable and not too long to look back on-

By the sixteenth century at the latest, after the formation of the unified state of Moscow, Russia's ambitions gradually swelled, and it began to annex land and expand its territory, as Engels said: "It was only after a long struggle that the Grand Dukes of Moscow finally broke free from the Mongol fetters and began to unite the many principalities of Great Russia into a unified state, but this achievement seems to have only fueled their ambitions." During the era of Ivan III (1462-1505), Russia's territory was only 2.8 million square kilometers, located in the northeastern corner of Eastern Europe. By the beginning of the twentieth century, however, Russia's area had increased dramatically to more than 23 million square kilometers. Chiharu Watanabe of Japan also said that for four hundred years, starting in the sixteenth century, Russia occupied an average of 130 square kilometers of land every day. The speed of this expansion was astonishing, and it was rare for Russia to seize so much land in the history of Shijie colonization. In the process of annexing lands by Russia, the annexation of Siberia was particularly prominent. From the end of the XVI century to the middle of the XVII century, the Cossacks were willing to serve as envoys and drove 20,000 kilometers, and the tsarist colonization Shili was finally able to extend to the Pacific coast. And it took Russia just over half a century to swallow almost most of the territory of Siberia.

Specifically, Russia's involvement in Siberia. It should be pushed forward to the end of the fifteenth century. During the reign of Ivan III, he conquered the Samoyads and Oschaks of the lower Ob River, and the area they lived in was then called Ugra. It is said that three expeditions were carried out, capturing many people and capturing many castles and settlements. This should be regarded as the beginning of Russia's entry into Siberia. However, Russia was too busy with internal unification to take care of Ugra, and it was not long before the region gained independence.

The large-scale Russian conquest of Siberia began in the second half of the 16th century during the reign of Ivan the Terrible. The first was the annexation of the Volga River basin, the occupation of several Tatar khanates bordering the southeastern frontier of Russia: the Crimean Khanate, the Nochai Khanate, etc., and gradually controlled the middle and lower reaches of the Volga River and the vast area west of the Ural Mountains. After the conquest of the Volga Valley, the government of Ivan IV continued its eastward invasion while waging the Livonian War with the Principality of Lithuania. Launch an expedition to Siberia.

The annexation of Siberia by Tsarist Russia. Initially, the Stroganov family, a large landowner and salt merchant, was authorized to recruit mercenaries to invade along the river and gradually encroach on them. At that time, the peoples of Siberia were at a relatively low stage of social development. Moreover, the expansion of Tsarist Russia did not have strong neighbor competition. Hence the rapid development. 1555 (during the reign of Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty). The Obil Khanate [i.e., the "Siberian Khanate"] was forced to pay tribute to the Tsar. In 1558, Ivan IV "granted" the Stroganovs non-starvation lands in the middle reaches of the Kama River and the Chusov River (a tributary of the Kama River), granting them "full power" to build forts in the area to recruit troops, expand their lands, and suppress the inhabitants. 1574 (Ming Wanli period). Ivan IV ordered the Lost Khanate to invade the heart of Siberia. In 1579, the Stroganov brothers recruited a group of Cossacks led by Yermak, and by September 1581, Yermak had gathered 840 invading troops (including 540 Cossacks) and invaded Western Siberia. Kucheng Khan of the Lost Bil Khanate and his people waged an anti-Russian struggle together and fought eight decisive battles successively. After the loss of the capital city of Iskhan, it still resisted stubbornly. Yermak was personally received by Ivan IV for his "meritorious service" in expansion, and was rewarded with two pairs of armor, a medal, and a leather robe of the Tsar, and was hailed as a "hero". In 1583 and 1584, Ivan IV sent two armies in succession to reinforce Yermak. The people of the Obil Khanate continued to resist the invaders using guerrilla tactics, winning a night raid in 1584. At that time, the Russian army was short of food and contracted scurvy, and the main force of Yermak was annihilated. When Yermak jumped ship and escaped, he fell overboard and fell into the Irtysh River.

At the beginning of 1586, Tsarist Russia sent troops to invade the Lost Bil Khanate twice in the form of controlling the river and taking it step by step, and successively built castles such as Tyumen (1586), Tobolsk (1587) and Tara (1594) as military bases. In 1598 (during the reign of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), Kucheng Khan was forced to retreat to the southern grasslands and was killed by his old enemy. The people of the Lost Rib Khanate persisted in the 17-year-long war of resistance and finally failed. After the annexation of Western Siberia by Tsarist Russia, the local people were forced to adopt Orthodox Christianity, and in 1621 (during the reign of the Emperor Apocalypse), St. Prian, a monk and high priest of Novgorod, was transferred to Tobolsk to serve as the first Archbishop of Siberia. The Russian Church hailed Yermak as a "national hero" and gave him the title of "holy". The Russian government erected a 16-meter-high marble monument to Yermak in the city of Tobolsk.

After the Russian colonizers destroyed the Siberian Khanate, they hurriedly advanced eastward, and it took only nearly forty years to occupy the three major river systems of Siberia: the Ob, Yenisei and Lena rivers! And use this as a base and hinterland, and begin to invade the Northeast Asian region that our country has always actually controlled! [Strangle! Strangle! Strangling!! 】

The Tsar levied tribute to plunder the rich furs of Siberia, which became the largest item of Russian foreign trade. In the seventeenth century, the value of furs plundered from Siberia accounted for one-third of the total revenue of the tsarist treasury at that time. After the tsar annexed the Siberian Khanate, he took advantage of the fact that most of the inhabitants of eastern Siberia were in the stage of clan society and had little contact with each other, so he continued to invade the east by various methods.

At the same time, the Tsarist government also organized so-called "expeditions" and "voyagers" to make "geographical discoveries" in the name of "investigation" and "travel", and all the places they went were designated as "territories" of Tsarist Russia.

At the beginning of the seventeenth century, some "expeditions" of Tsarist Russia expanded along various rivers into Northeast Asia. In 1601 (during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty), Kondrat and Kurochkin sailed downstream of the Yenisei River (one of the three major rivers in Siberia, the geographical dividing line between West Siberia and Central Siberia) to the sea (Arctic Ocean). Occupy the area around the mouth of the Piasin River. In the twenties of the XVII century, he gathered more than 40 accomplices and set out from Turukhansk, toured along the Nizhny Tunguska River, crossed the Buryat steppe, entered the Nizhny Tunguska River, and then returned to the starting point along the mouth of the Yenisei River.

In 1633 (during the reign of Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty), Ivan? Lebrov and Ilya? Birferev travels down the Lena River (one of the three major rivers that divides Central and Eastern Siberia geographically) to the Arctic Ocean, and then sails by sea to the mouth of the Jana River. 11 years. It sails in the Siberian basin from the Khatanga River in the west to the Kolyma River in the east to the northern coast of Siberia. In 1644 (the fall of the Ming Dynasty), Isse? Ignachiev sailed from the mouth of the Kolyma River to Chavin Bay. Establishment of Kolyma Winter Grounds. Cossack Semyon? Diezhyev and business owner Fidot? Popov. Between June and September 1648 (during the reign of Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty). From the sea, it bypasses the Chukratsk Peninsula (also known as the Great Stone Point, where the Eskimos and Indians entered the Americas) in the northeastern corner of Asia, and passes through the Bering Strait between Asia and the Americas. From the eighties of the sixteenth century to the forties of the seventeenth century. In order to expand the colonial expansion into Asia, the Yakutsk Castle (1632) was established as the main stronghold. After that, using this as a base, the "Rakshasa " began a head-to-head confrontation with the Qing Dynasty in the northeast of Longxing and the Central Plains, which lasted nearly 300 years.

In other words, in less than 60 years since the invasion of Yermak in 1581, Tsarist Russia expanded to the coast of Okhotsk (1639) at a very rapid pace, and incorporated most of Siberia (12.76 million square kilometers, 2.86 million square kilometers more than Canada) into its own territory.

[For this, Hongyi has never recognized his bandit logic of "Siberia is the inherent territory of Russia"! On the contrary, Siberia and the Far East have been effective administrative areas of the Chinese government since ancient times, and have always been China's "inherent territory"! 】

From the process of Russia's rapid conquest of Siberia, Hongyi drew the following understandings, so as to have a relatively clear understanding of the nature of Tsarist Russia's greed and the essence of its eastward invasion:

First, Russia's eastward expansion was directed, planned, and organized by the Russian government represented by the Tsar, and its purpose was to annex ethnic minorities, seize furs and other wealth, and expand its "economic territory." However, during the conquest, the government also directly or indirectly supported and instigated the "civil" colonial activities, that is, the colonists who were pioneers were not only soldiers organized by the government, but also industrialists, merchants, and immigrants. This characteristic of colonial expansion makes people think that Russian colonization is driven by the psychology of personal enrichment and risk-taking, and is blind and spontaneous behavior, which has little to do with the government. In fact, although these "civil" colonial activities had a certain degree of spontaneity, they were all criminal acts of expansion in accordance with the will of the Tsar, and these people actually acted as the biedong team of the Tsar's crusade, and as long as they did "achievements", the tsarist government immediately recognized, recognized and financed them. This colonial feature is quite deceptive!

Second, Russia has resorted to all the methods used by its colonizers, namely, armed violence and peaceful bribery. The Russian Cossacks used "sabers and blood" and "fire battles" to conquer the people of all ethnic groups in Siberia, and also used methods such as deception and bribery to "persuade" all ethnic groups to join the Russian nationality. They either use the transaction as an excuse, or take out the tax book in kind, deceive the locals into signing and drawing the pledge, and then use this as a "certificate" to submit to Russia [hateful!!] But why can't the Qing Dynasty learn from it! 】。

Third, in order to firmly control Siberia, Russia gradually set up institutions and implemented colonial rule in the process of conquest. In the 17th century, four overseers were established throughout Siberia, with a total of nineteen counties. The overseers and counties were placed in the districts and counties to control all the powers of the districts, and because of the overseers' excessive authority, they became more important to the people. In addition, taking into account the historical, ethnic, and other characteristics and traditions of Siberia, Russia has adopted a number of alternative measures adapted to local characteristics, such as the use of local chiefs and chieftains, the maintenance of the grass-roots organizational forms and customs of various ethnic groups, the adoption of a tax system in kind, and economic exploitation. This was beneficial to Russian expeditions and colonization.

Fourth, the Russian government skillfully took advantage of the geographical situation of Siberia, that is, the characteristics of dense rivers, and it was more convenient to travel from one river to another by land and water; At the same time, it also took advantage of the weaknesses of ethnic minorities, such as their sparse population, scattered residences, and backward production, and adopted such methods as sowing discord and sitting on the mountain and watching the tiger fight, so that they could use the strength of the army and quickly occupy a large area of land. [This point should also be used well to create conditions for the recovery of Siberia in the future!] 】

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"I see......"

Fu Lin patiently listened to John Tong's inadvertently detailed, but also comprehensive historical preaching, and only made an ambiguous comment, and then fell into deep thought.

"Huang Ama, the retainers heard what Tang Lao Mafa said, and came to a simple conclusion, that is to say, the Rakshasa came from the east in a series of cities and ponds, but its troops were very small, and they were scattered, so we could do the opposite, and we will start with Yaksa [at that time the Rakshasa called it "Albazino Fortress", and later Russia called it "Yakutsk"! At first, pull them out one by one, and beat them back to their Europa hometown little by little! ”

Hongyi finally couldn't hold it back, and first "raised his arms and shouted" his heavy long-cherished wish over the years, which can be said to have gone through time for more than 300 years, and lasted for a long time - to reclaim our Far East! Take back our Siberia!

"A limerick poem. Look at the first word of each sentence》

Looking at recent history, I am disappointed

I was saying that there was an opportunity back then

Outside the map, it has been sharpened

It's hard to know what you're going to do

I got up and wore Rokkazi

Point out the world's pain and joy

China's brilliant ten thousand idiots

Wenwu Dynasty only Qing Dynasty (to be continued......)