Chapter 26, combing Tuntian
On the sixth day after the "shock" and "gale" of the crossbow were approved and named by the Son of Heaven, in the evening, Ma Jun took the initiative to ask Zhao Shuang for his resignation and proposed to move out.
Ma Jun's reason is that as a military officer, he has his own rice, and the government office has also arranged a dormitory for him, and he can eat and live in the teacher's house for a long time, which is really not like the words - only the disciples have always bound the master, how can there be a reason for the teacher to manage the food and lodging of the apprentices? It's not an apprentice with a half-sold contract......
Moreover, the work of the military department has been very busy in recent months, and when he comes back, he has to do a lot of arithmetic problems left by the teacher, and his body is really a little unbearable...... Of course, Ma Deheng immediately stated that he would not neglect his practice in arithmetic, and if he had any problems, he would often come to the teacher's house to ask for help.
Zhao Shuang's eyes were staring at Ma Jun, and he didn't move for a long time, but he saw that Ma Jun's face was red and his ears were red, and he lowered his head in panic, just afraid that his little careful thinking would have been seen through by the teacher. Sure enough, Zhao Junqing finally sighed: "I know that there is today." Thou shalt be taught by me, but thou shalt not teach me......"
I know that your real mind is not in arithmetic, and I am afraid that if you want to pass on my mantle, I am afraid that it is a little reluctant...... That's it, that's it, you can do what you like—"Everyone has their own aspirations, and you can go with Kong Ming." "It's a bit sour to say - I still couldn't snatch Zhuge Liang in the end.
In fact, the reason why Ma Jun said goodbye to Zhao Shuang and insisted on moving out was mainly because he finally finished reading "The First Words of Physics", especially the last volume of "Miscellaneous Tan". That night, Ma Deheng raised his head, his eyes wandered between the beams and rafters, and he couldn't help but take a long breath. He asked himself: Ma Jun, Ma Jun, how should you take the path of life you are pursuing? What is the goal? I don't want this book to suddenly enlighten the mind. It gave him a new understanding and expectation of his interests and future.
Ma Jun loves mechanical manufacturing. One is to be nurtured by his deceased father. Second, maybe there is also a natural talent at work, right? But that was just an interest, and he wasn't sure what the use of playing around with them was. repair the waterwheel, because it is the brainchild of the father, and it is needed by the clan; The trial construction of the guide car is purely just to restore the words in the ancient books; The profit and loss crossbow is the task assigned by the Shangguan......
He just thinks it's fun to make something that no one else can think of, and it can also reflect his unique value.
However, the Physics Primary. Various conjectures and descriptions in Miscellaneous Tales. But a glorious and strange door opened before his eyes, and he finally understood what kind of effect machinery would have for human beings—all for the sake of energy! It can create more advanced machinery, amplify the ability of human instinct, and draw more from nature to be used by people, so that people can live in peace, have food and clothing, and get close to the avenue!
I don't build machines for fun. And to make contributions to the country and to the people of Lebanon that no one else can achieve.
Especially, if it can drive the forces of heaven and earth. What will the world of tomorrow look like? It really makes people's blood boil when they think about it! Zhuge Liang once told him that the people of the time refuted "Miscellaneous Tan", saying: "Isn't it divine that can drive the power of heaven and earth?" Isn't it vain for a man to want to be a god? It was Kosuke who replied, "The one who can drive the power of heaven and earth is a saint, not a god." The five grains are not born of man, the heaven and the earth have their own ears, and Shennong and Houji can only sow them, isn't it saintly? Silk is a silkworm spit, not for life, the ancestors can only breed it, and the silk weaving silk is not holy? People cannot be gods, but saints, and want to lead the world to be holy, who is vain?! ”
Through mechanical manufacturing, through the research and development of new technologies, we will lead people to approach the road, and eventually become a sage - this is what my generation should do!
But Ma Jun really didn't have much time to follow this bright road. He originally presented Zhuge Liang with a modified diagram of the car, hoping to continue to profit and lose the car after the development of the repeater, but when the repeater entered the production stage, Kong Ming never mentioned the matter, and Ma Deheng was forced to fall into the arsenal again. And after a busy day, after getting off work, I have to accept Zhao Shuang's re-education......
He has gained a lot of new ideas from "The First Words of Physics", and wants to confirm, research, and manufacture, but life is so helpless, and people's energy is really limited...... So in the end, he made up his mind to say goodbye to Zhao Shuang and go to live in a collective dormitory. In any case, you should still be at your own disposal after work.
But Ma Jun didn't expect that only two days after he moved to the collective dormitory, he received a call from Zhuge Liang again. Kong Ming first told him that after his own recommendation and the approval of the ministry, Ma Jun had been promoted, and he had been promoted two levels in a row, becoming a more than 400 stone officials. At the same time, the department where Ma Jun worked was also adjusted from the Arsenal Division to the Tuntian Division.
Immediately, Zhuge Liang asked Ma Jun: "Does Deheng know Tuntian?" ”
The Tuntian system began in the former Han Dynasty, and when the army rose to Yanzhou today, it was Hongfu who offered the policy of Tuntian to appease the exiles, restore production, and enrich the treasury. In fact, there is no essential difference between the military tun and the people's tun in Tuntian, that is, the land without land is taken as official land, and people are ordered to reclaim it, which is extorted by the Ministry of War. In later generations, it was a bit like a collective farm, where the official family provided cattle, horses, tools, and seeds, and assigned tasks to cultivate in a unified manner, and the large head obtained was returned to the public, and the small head was kept for himself.
Undoubtedly, this kind of collective labor is lacking in motivation, because the good and the bad are the same, and the result is the same, neither starvation nor death, nor much private property left. But for the exiles in the troubled times, it is enough to be able to eat a mouthful of porridge and survive the life, and although the public family has taken the bulk of the harvest, there is no longer the landlord, the strong, and the government's layers of exploitation, and for the people at the bottom, the livelihood is much better.
The difference between Juntun and Mintun is only that the former is mainly based on training and supplemented by farming, while the latter is mainly based on cultivation and supplemented by training. The former is a temporary farming of the regular army, and the latter is a militia whose main business is farming.
When the Son of Heaven was still a prince of a town, he set up the positions of Dian Nong Du Lieutenant, Dian Nong School Lieutenant, and Dian Nong Zhonglang General in Yan, Xu and other prefectures, and the rank was higher than that of the county magistrate, which was equivalent to setting aside a new military administration area of various sizes in the local area. With the expansion of power, the Tuntian system became popular all over the Central Plains, and now nearly forty percent of the imperial court's tax revenue comes from Tuntian.
Wen Hui Wen Manji, the head of the household department, played a game, and the Central Plains was initially decided, hoping to gradually abolish the tuntian system. Distribute the land to the peasants. Make it a true citizen of the state. The Son of Heaven decreed that the ministers would discuss this matter together. Most of the civil servants followed Wen Hui's proposal, but most of the military generals opposed the abolition of Tuntian.
Because when the three-station and twelve-ministry system was first established, most of the military used it for the purpose of obtaining grain from Tuntian, so this set of institutions was directly assigned to the Ministry of War, and the head of the Tuntian Department was set up. Theoretically, the state finance department is under the overall planning of the Ministry of Finance, and the military department must first draw up a plan for the use of money and grain, and then report to the Ministry of Finance. However, since the military department has taken over the large amount of money from Tuntian, it can completely abandon other departments and go about its own business.
Therefore, the military department took over the harvest of Tuntian, and the degree department hated it so much, and the people in charge of Tuntian, the household department was also deeply dissatisfied, and the scribes formed a group to abolish this "evil government...... Ah no, obsolete politics. However, the military department resolutely refused to let go, and the generals were quite disgusted by this suggestion - the world has not yet been decided, and the battle has not yet been fought. Are you going to unload the mill and kill the donkey?
Cao Zilian, an auxiliary country, simply proposed that Tuntian is the first good governance in the world. And to follow the system of the Zhou Dynasty, not only can not be abolished, but must also be vigorously promoted. You see how easy it is to encircle all the people and use the art of war to control them, which is not only convenient to manage, but also not easy to cause chaos, but how worry-free and down-to-earth. Let's simply take all the land in the world, except for the private property of the ministers and officials, and return it to the government, and turn the common people into the people of Tuntian!
As soon as this remark came out, even the Son of Heaven couldn't stand it, and scolded him on the spot: "Zilian doesn't know civil affairs, so don't talk nonsense!" ”
When Zhuge Liang told Ma Jun about this, he couldn't help laughing: "It's really a knowledgeless person." However, it is still known that the land of the ministers and hundreds of officials cannot be collected by the country - Cao Fuguo sits on thousands of hectares of fertile land, and is the crown of the country's relatives. ”
He just came to stir up the situation, and he didn't really want to popularize the tuntian system throughout the country, otherwise why wouldn't he say that he would first dedicate his own land as official land?
After a long discussion, the final result was that Wen Hui basically agreed with Wen Hui's performance and gradually abolished the Mintun in the Central Plains, but in some areas, especially the Juntun in the border areas, it must not be abolished. Once the will was given, then there was a difficult negotiation between the Ministry of Degree, the Ministry of Households, and the Ministry of War, and almost every household and every hectare of land had to bargain. The military department complained that the Shu thieves coveted the side, and the military budget was not yet settled, so you want to abolish the tuntian, okay, as long as we allocate money and food according to our lion's big mouth. Of course, the Ministry of Degrees and the Ministry of Households can't do this kind of injustice, and the imperial treasury is not full in the first place, so if I want to return most of the tax revenue to the military, where will the civil affairs expenses come from?
In short, Mintun is in the process of gradual abolition, but in the foreseeable future, the official land will be turned into private land, and the people of Tuntian will be turned into households, which is infinitely slow. Although Zhuge Liang himself is in charge of military affairs, he is actually a civil servant, and from the perspective of national interests, he also advocates the abolition of the tuntian system, believing that it will take three or five years to gradually transform the people's tun, which is also acceptable...... It's just that he is not in his position, he is not in charge, and he is not in charge of this matter, and it is inconvenient for him to intervene too much.
After introducing the Tuntian system to Ma Jun in detail, Zhuge Liang said, your new job is to leave the capital Luoyang and go to various places to inspect and sort out Tuntian. ”
Use your talents in profit and loss crossbows and weapon research to production, and strive to get more output for the same land. In any case, the abolition of tuntian is the trend of the times, which means that military spending will gradually shrink, and we must increase the unit output to ensure that we do not have to rely on the snort of other departments. And agricultural machinery is not only available in Tuntian, the people can also use it, first do experiments on Tuntian, if the effect is good, it can be promoted to all parts of the country, for the national economy and people's livelihood, this is a great achievement.
After reading "The First Words of Physics", Ma Jun really wanted to make some new inventions in agricultural production, but his original intention was to make his own car behind closed doors, but he didn't think about going out on a business trip...... When you travel on business, you have to come into contact with more people, most of them are strangers, and there are some people with ill intentions......
But Zhuge Liang said: "My teacher has a cloud: 'It is better to read a thousand books than to travel thousands of miles.'" 'If it's not in the ridges, how do you know what the crops need?' Deheng is encouraged, don't lose my hope! (To be continued......)