On October 15, 1915, in Kolkata, in front of the historic Fort William on the east bank of the Hooger River, in the 400-hectare Matan Park, which is three kilometers long from north to south, dozens of infantry, cavalry, artillery, armored and baggage units lined up in neat squares, together with hundreds of thousands of onlookers, were wantonly trampling on the innocent lawn that had just been moistened by the rainy season.

The lawn is surrounded by greenery and towering European-style buildings.

"If you take a walk around Matan Park, you will understand what people call Kolkata the 'City of Palaces.'"

These are the words of the British Nobel Prize-winning novelist Rudyard Kipling when he came to Calcutta one year ago.

Before the arrival and settlement of the British East India Company colonists in 1690, it was only home to three ordinary indigenous Indian villages, and by 1699, the British built an armed fortress protected by forts and moats on the east bank of the Hooger River, Fort William, as a trading post and regional base, after which the fortifications of the castle were continuously upgraded, and the urban area outside the fortifications gradually developed until the original three villages were merged into one, and the city was named "Calcutta" after one of the villages. The local Bengali word means "flat place" and became the company's Bangladeshi jurisdictional headquarters.

The first Chief Executive of Bangladesh, Clay. In order to ensure the safety of the castle, Wu ordered the surrounding jungle to be cut down, which became what became Matan Park.

In 1772, Calcutta was designated as British India. Before and after the Sino-British Opium War, it became a distribution point for opium dealers from all over the world to transport opium to China, and the city grew rapidly, and 150 years later the jute processing and textile industries arose, and the first urban middle class in India was born.

By the end of the 19th century, with the general progress of society. In 13 years, India's first modern political organization, the Indian National Association, was founded in Kolkata, echoing the Indian National Congress Party founded in Mumbai two years later, and Kolkata gradually became one of the centers of the Indian independence movement.

In 1905 the British authorities implemented the policy of partition of Bengal in Calcutta. The widespread mass uproar and boycott of the British movement, which led to a thriving anti-British movement, became one of the decisive factors in the authorities' decision to move the Anglo-Indian capital to New Delhi in 1911.

Even having lost its status as the capital, by the time the Great War broke out, Kolkata. It is still the most populous, economically prosperous and most well-equipped city in India.

As the largest port and an important railway hub on the east coast of India, most of the jute, tea and minerals abundant in the Ganges River Basin are exported from Kolkata, and the cargo throughput accounts for more than one-third of the whole India, which is of strategic significance.

The capture of Kolkata was one of the key steps in the first phase of the Chinese Army's operation.

In the Battle of the Bay of Bengal, which ended on September 10, while achieving unprecedented and magnificent results, the various units of the Combined Fleet participating in the battle also paid a considerable price: a total of 1 dreadnought battleship, 1 battle cruiser, 2 fleet aircraft carriers, 2 light cruisers, and 13 destroyers were sunk; 1 heavy damage battleship, 4 battle cruisers, 1 medium battleship, 5 light damage battleships; 5 light cruisers and 9 destroyers were heavily damaged; More than 300 aircraft were lost.

On September 11, the day after leaving the battlefield, Admiral Sa Zhenbing, commander of the Combined Fleet, led 10 battleships, 1 battle cruiser, 6 high-speed armored cruisers, 12 light cruisers, 24 destroyers, and 2 water engine carriers under his direct command to the northern part of the Bay of Bengal to provide long-range cover for the Gandi landing site. Unit C, commanded by Vice Admiral Yuan Feng, composed of disabled ships and rescue ships, sailed along the coasts of Myanmar and Malaya to Singapore for emergency ship repairs and rehousing of the wounded.

In addition, the remainder of the Mobile Force, commanded by Commander Bilingbodai, assembled at Port Blair in the Andaman Islands from 12 to 13 September before returning to Singapore in formation.

On September 14, the armored troops, which were relieved because they had repatriated the wounded ships and wounded in advance, joined up with the main support forces commanded by General Ma Shengyu, including old warships, 6 old armored cruisers, 4 light cruisers, and 12 destroyers, and launched a "steel shield" operation to cover the follow-up troops of the Indian Front, and within two weeks, 7 divisions of the 12th Group Army of General Yuan Shikai, 140,000 people, 6 divisions of the 14th Group Army, 115,000 people, and 3 armored brigades of the 2nd Armored Army of Lieutenant General Wen Yu. 15,000 men and 330 chariots were all escorted to the land.

During this period, the aircraft carrier of the "Saker" fleet, which had been the least injured in the mobile unit, underwent emergency repairs and carried 60 planes of the 5th Carrier-based Wing, which was temporarily mixed from various reserve carrier-based aircraft squadrons, and was attached to four light cruisers and six destroyers. At the same time, together with the four water plane carriers of Unit A, they delivered planes to the Army's Third Air Group, and unlike the water aircraft carriers that had to be unloaded at the port, the army fighters and light bombers piloted by naval pilots could take off directly from the "Saker" and go to the field airfield closer to the front line.

By the end of September, the Indian Front had 12 infantry divisions, 3 marine divisions, 5 armored brigades, and 2 infantry brigades deployed to the landing ground at the Hooghli estuary, and the Third Air Group had deployed more than 150 combat aircraft to various field airfields.

Among them, it is planned that the 1st and 2nd Divisions of the Nanyang Volunteer Warriors under the jurisdiction of the 3rd Army of the Asia-Pacific Liberation Army of the 14th Group Army will attack from Balasol, a coastal communication point southwest of the landing site, and attack the important transportation and trade towns of Ktak and Bhubaneswar along the coast to the south; The 129th and 130th Infantry Divisions of the 65th Army attacked from Klegpur, a railway junction at the northern end of the landing site, and attacked the northwest industrial, mining and transportation town of Jamshedpur, also known as Jamshedpur, with the intention of seizing the Tata Iron and Steel Company, the largest copper mine and the largest steel mill in India at that time, and on the other hand, trying to block the passage for the enemy in the West Indies to use the railway through the Central Plateau to directly attack the landing site; In addition, the 135th and 136th infantry divisions under the jurisdiction of the 6th Army were the reserve of the group army.

The 5th Marine Division, the 1st and 1st Infantry Divisions, under the 9th Army of the 12th Army, advanced from west to east along the railway line from Klegpur to Kolkata; The 107th and 10th Infantry Divisions of the 54th Army deployed to the north to cover the flanks and provide support; The 111th and 112th infantry divisions under the jurisdiction of the 56th Army are the reserve of the group army.

The 1st and 2nd Marine Divisions, the 1st and 2nd Marine Armored Brigades, and the 11th and 12th Marine Infantry Brigades, which had been regrouped and regrouped, served as "surprise soldiers" to force the Hoogr River from the lower reaches of Calcutta with naval and air support to capture Port Diamond on the east bank.

At 6:35 a.m. on October 2, with the order of General Deng Jian, the commander of the front army sitting in Klegpur, all troops moved at the same time, and the combat code: "Shiva" ......!