Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen listened to Zheng Yuelin's explanation with a smile, kissed her on her pink face, and picked up Zheng Yuelin's pink face, the pink and tender little face, and the watery eyes, all made him feel good, Zhu Youzhen said seriously, "It's normal to worry, it's a normal reaction of people to worry, and when you are not afraid in the face of such great difficulties, isn't it a god in the sky?" I am also afraid, but in the face of danger, when I want to retreat, I just think about what I want to get. What exactly is something to pursue? You won't be confused, you won't be afraid, even if you die in front, you will die on the road ahead! ”

Zheng Yuelin's eyes turned red, and she muttered to herself, "Running for the future? The concubine understands, the future of the concubine is the emperor, as long as the emperor is safe and sound, the concubine should not worry about anything, it is useless to worry, the concubine will assist the prince in handling government affairs after the emperor is gone. ”

Zhu Youzhen smiled and shook his head, "It's not you who assist him, it's him and Cao Huachun, Wen Tiren, He Fengsheng, Yang Sichang, and Chen Xinjia who are all here to assist you!" I have already given Wang Chengen a secret decree, and when I can't make a big decision on government affairs, I will take your opinion as the main thing. ”

Zheng Yuelin hurriedly shook her head, "No, the concubine is only a twenty-six-year-old person, and she has only been in the center for a short time. ”

Zhu Youzhen smiled slightly, "How many things a person can do has a certain relationship with experience, but it has more to do with talent, you are already stronger than me, you are my virtuous helper, you are worthy of this responsibility." ”

Zheng Yuelin fell on the emperor's shoulder, enjoying this moment, the emperor's trust is great. It made her nervous and happy at the same time.

Zhu Youzhen inspected the Beijing camp in high spirits. Lu Xiangsheng and 5,000 troops and 50,000 militiamen. Stand in solemnity in a line. The 50,000 militiamen urgently transferred by Fan Jingwen have all been put in place, and after the Imperial Forest Army has uniformly replaced its equipment, the militia is still using old-fashioned firearms.

"Your Majesty, the army has been assembled and can go out at any time." Lu Xiangsheng looked at the young and handsome emperor, and sincerely admired in his heart, no matter what the state affairs were, no matter how many strong enemies there were. The emperor faced it with indignation, and never showed a trace of melancholy. Lu Xiangsheng knew that the Four-Nation Alliance had 50,000 people and was well-equipped, so it was impossible not to worry about it.

Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen nodded and smiled slightly, "Are all the warships of the Central Naval Division in place?" Did the grain, grass, ordnance, and ammunition all be transported to the battleship? ”

Lu Xiangsheng nodded, "The ordnance and ammunition were delivered in just one day, and there were only more than 4,000 Imperial Forest Army under the command of the last general who were equipped with Chongzhen-style rifles. 550,000 rounds of rifle ammunition and 16 artillery pieces. Nine hundred rounds of shells. Wechen emptied the entire warehouse of the Ming Ordnance Manufacturing Bureau. Grain and grass are limited, and the current army is more than 55,000 people, and only 100,000 stone of grain and grass have been raised, which should be enough for the army for two months. ”

There are only more than 50 shells for one artillery piece, and less than 100 rounds of ammunition for the infantry, which makes Zhu Youzhen's heart heavy again, but he doesn't show his expression, he doesn't know if this strength is enough to fight Japan? Japan is all mad dogs, all of them have a nervous disorder, and every bullet is not enough to destroy an enemy, right?

Zhu Youzhen said lightly, "Let's go!" ”

In fact, Zhu Youzhen knew in his heart, where is enough for two months? It is also given to the North Korean garrison, and the army moves, the loss is doubled, which is why the cost of training in the barracks is absolutely different from that of the army fighting outside, you work at home, and you will be given 10,000 yuan a month, but if you go out, you will have to pay at least 30,000 a month. For the military, no language is worth the reward.

"Your Majesty, Xu Guangqi and Xu Zhengming ask to see you." Xu Guowei, who is dressed in a military uniform, although he is a eunuch and has no military rank, is wearing a military uniform of a school officer, which is the same style as the armed eunuchs of the West Factory, while the other accompanying palace maids and eunuchs are wearing the military uniforms of captains, and the collar badges of the palace attendants are all red, which is the biggest difference between them and the military uniforms of the Royal Forest Army, and the collar badge of the military uniform of the Imperial Forest Army is a five-pointed star.

Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen snorted, "See." ”

Xu Guowei hurriedly went down to make arrangements, and without consent, even Xu Guangqi's identity was not allowed to enter or leave the barracks.

Xu Guangqi was supported by Xu Zhengming, but he walked very fast, and the old man seemed to be rejuvenated, "Your Majesty, long live, long live, long live." ”

Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen smiled and waved his hand, "The old man doesn't need to be polite, just flat." ”

Xu Guangqi was not verbose, and directly pointed to the topic, "Your Majesty, do you remember the matter of asking Lao Chen to develop tanks?" ”

Zhu Youzhen nodded, since the advent of the internal combustion engine, Zhu Youzhen is most concerned about armored vehicles, tanks are the king of land warfare!

"How? Pregnant? Zhu Youzhen was a little incredulous, in just half a year, he didn't believe that there was such a fast speed, as for the technical structure, Xu Guangqi had all the information, so he didn't have to bother about it, he actually forgot about it.

Xu Guangqi smiled and nodded, "It's just different from the computer that the emperor showed his ministers, and it is very inconvenient to change it in reverse." ”

Zhu Youzhen was anxious, anxious to see what Xu Guangqi's tank looked like? "Don't say more, where is it now? How many doors are there? ”

Xu Guangqi pointed behind him, "The old minister came on horseback, the speed of that thing is too slow, from the Daming Ordnance Manufacturing Bureau, to get to the Beijing camp, it is estimated that it will take half a day, and it is still behind." ”

Zhu Youzhen Khan, who didn't know what to say, said to Xu Guangqi and Xu Zhengming, as well as Lu Xiangsheng, Yang Qicong and other accompanying officers, "Let's go, take a look!" ”

Tank is the main weapon of modern land warfare, known as the "king of land warfare", it is a tracked armored combat vehicle with strong direct firepower, high off-road mobility and strong armor protection, mainly performing combat with the opponent's tank or other armored vehicles, and can also suppress and eliminate anti-tank weapons, destroy fortifications, annihilate the enemy's living forces, and is a very powerful weapon in war. Tanks are generally armed with a medium or large-caliber gun (some modern tanks can even fire anti-tank/helicopter missiles) and several anti-aircraft (anti-aircraft) or coaxial (side-by-side) machine guns. Most tanks use rotating turrets, but a few use fixed guns. The tank is mainly composed of weapon systems, fire control systems, power systems, communication systems, armored hulls and other systems.

Tank guns are the main weapons of modern tanks. Tanks are mainly used in close combat, and tank guns have high firing effectiveness at a distance of 1500~2500 meters. Reliable to use. Tanks and armored vehicles used to annihilate and suppress the enemy. Destroy the enemy's living forces and destroy the enemy's firearms and fortifications. Tank guns evolved from small-caliber ground guns. A modern tank gun is a cannon with a long barrel with a high muzzle velocity. Its main elements include caliber, muzzle velocity of armor-piercing projectiles, muzzle velocity of full-charge anti-personnel blasting grenades and reduced-charge anti-personnel blasting grenades, muzzle velocity of armor-piercing projectiles, firing speed, high and low firing range, directional firing range, shell weight and ammunition base.

Tank guns are generally composed of a gun body, a gun latch, a cradle, an anti-recoil device, a high and low machine, a steering machine, a firing device, an anti-danger plate and a balancing machine. The barrel of the gun, under the action of the fire scoop gas, gives the projectile muzzle velocity and direction. The muzzle or the air extraction device near the muzzle (bold) is unique to tank guns. When the projectile flies away from the muzzle, the pressure in the chamber drops rapidly, and the gas extraction device uses the initiation effect of the fire scoop gas itself to discharge its original fire scoop gas from the nozzle, so that a low-pressure area is formed in the chamber behind the nozzle, so that the remaining fire scoop gas in the gun chamber can be discharged to the outside of the chamber, so as to avoid the exhaust gas from entering the fighting compartment and affecting the combat effectiveness of the crew.

The walls of the tank guns are exposed to solar radiation, rain, and wind, resulting in temperature gradients. As a result, the body tube is bent and the impact point is offset. According to the test, when a tank 105 mm gun was exposed to sunlight and the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the barrel reached 3.6 °C, the muzzle was offset by 2 denses. For this purpose, modern main battle tank guns are generally equipped with heat insulation. Some heat insulation jackets are made of two layers of fiberglass-reinforced plastic with a foam in between. Some heat insulation sleeves are single-layer concentric sleeves made of insulating materials or thermally conductive metal aluminum, and the air between the body tube and the concentric sleeve is used as the thermal insulation layer. Some of them are arranged alternately with metal and insulating materials on the outside of the body tube. Among them, the latter is better. The heat shield can evenly distribute the heat generated when the gun is fired around the barrel, reduce the deformation of the barrel, and thus improve the hit rate of the gun.

The barrel of the gun is connected to the tail of the gun with the help of a threaded coupling. for easy disassembly. The bolt is used to lock the chamber, fire the cannonball, and draw out the cartridge, and the opening and closing of the latch can be carried out automatically. The cradle mounted the gun on the gun mount with its two trunnions. The tail of the gun was equipped with an anti-recoil device consisting of a stationing and retreating aircraft and a reentry aircraft. It is used to dissipate the recoil kinetic energy of the gun, return the recoil part to its original position, and at any elevation angle, the gun can be in the forward position to ensure the normal operation of the gun. The firing device is used to fire the firing device. The anti-hazard plate is used to protect the occupants when firing. The balancing machine located on the right side of the gun is used to balance the weight of the shaking part of the gun, so that the gun can be handled lightly and the pitch is balanced.

The power of modern tank guns is great, it can pierce armor at long distances. When the Soviet T-72 tank 125 mm gun fires a long kinetic energy projectile with a muzzle velocity of 1650 m/s, it can penetrate a target plate of 140 mm/60° at a distance of 2000 meters, that is, a steel plate nearly a foot thick. The 120 mm gun of the former West German Leopard II tank could penetrate vertical armor with a thickness of 350 mm at a distance of 2200 m when firing a long-rod kinetic projectile with an initial velocity of 1650 m/s.

Due to the strong armored hull of the tank and good stability, it can be loaded with large-caliber guns. Under the same conditions, the caliber of the artillery is large, the shells are coarse, the cartridge contains more propellants, and the muzzle velocity is large, so the power is great, that is to say, the firepower is strong. So, is it better to have a bigger caliber? No. Because the caliber of the gun is too large, under other conditions being equal, the entire artillery, turret seat, and turret will be enlarged, which will make the tank wider and heavier, and it is not convenient for maneuvering and railway transportation. In addition, large-caliber shells are very heavy and long, it is not easy to achieve automatic reloading, manual reloading is particularly laborious, it is almost impossible to reload in tank movement, and the empty metal cartridge after the shell is fired is not easy to handle, so it directly affects the launch speed. In addition, a large caliber tends to lead to a decrease in the ammunition base. Therefore, the caliber of modern tank guns is generally 85~125 mm. The caliber of the gun of the main battle tank is 120~125 mm, which has been considered to have reached the limit. The 75-mm automatic cannon was used in the American high-mobility and agility test vehicle, which was the trend of reducing the caliber. Electroslag refining steel is used to improve the strength of the body tube by using self-tightening process to increase the chamber pressure. The muzzle velocity can reach more than 2000 m/s, the caliber may be reduced, but the armor-piercing efficiency will not be reduced, and the rate of fire can be increased by automatic loading. In addition, the electromagnetic cannon is in the real room stage in the United States, and the muzzle velocity can be increased to 6,000 m/s once feasible.

The length of the barrel of a modern tank gun is more than 50 times longer than that of the average caliber. Long-barreled artillery with a caliber greater than 40 times is called a cannon. Compared with the short-body tube gun, the projectile shot has a large muzzle velocity, large kinetic energy, a small firing angle, no more than 45 degrees, and a low trajectory, that is, the trajectory of the projectile when flying in the air is relatively straight, which is convenient for direct aiming, high shooting accuracy, and can penetrate armor at a long distance, and is suitable for flat-firing hitting tank armored vehicles and other moving targets and a single vertical target protruding from the ground.

Guns with rifling (or repetition) on the inner wall of the body barrel are called rifled guns; A gun without rifling on the inner wall of the barrel is called a smoothbore gun. Modern main battle tanks mostly use smoothbore guns. Such as the former Soviet T-72 tank, the former West German Leopard II tank and the late American M-1 tank. There are four main reasons for most of the use of smoothbore guns: First, smoothbore guns use kinetic energy projectiles with relatively large length and diameter, so they have strong armor-piercing ability. Second, the pipe wall is thicker, and there is no rifling, there is no rifling ablation problem, the resistance in the chamber is small, and the service life is long. In particular, it has a large amount of propellant charge and high pressure in the chamber, so the muzzle velocity can greatly exceed 1800 m/s, which can improve the armor-piercing ability of the tail stabilized dìng shell-piercing projectile. When the smoothbore gun fires an armor-piercing projectile, because the projectile does not rely on rifling to stabilize the dìng, there is no harmful effect of centrifugal force on the shaped energy jet, and the armor-piercing ability can be improved. Third, the shells have no sliding belt, which reduces the weight of the shell. Fourth, it is suitable for launching a variety of missiles, such as small missiles, rocket extended-range bombs, and so on. However, the smoothbore gun can only fire stable tail shells, and when the shooting distance is long, the shooting accuracy is low because the projectile tail is affected by external factors.

Tank guns are generally installed in turrets that can be rotated. The rotation of the turret is carried out by means of a guò console or by hand with the help of a power transmission or an electro-hydraulic transmission, which allows the tank gun to have a 360° directional firing range, which allows for circular and rapid fire, so that the fire maneuverability is good. Tank guns can fire when the tank is in place, for short periods of time, and on the march. The power of the tank gun, combined with the rapid movement of the tank, gave the tank the nickname "ironclad cavalry".

"Teacher, I want to thank you, you have made too many contributions to Daming! You are the father of science in the Ming Dynasty! Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen said sincerely.

Xu Guangqi was flattered and said, "Don't dare to be, the emperor praises the old minister too much, and the ministers are also tortured, all of which are the emperor's ideas, the old minister just does it according to the emperor's wishes, although this tank has come out, but the speed is too slow, I don't know if it will help the war?" ”

Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen smiled slightly, "As long as you can move, if you can move, it will help, everything has an evolution process, the teacher doesn't need to be too anxious, I am not in a hurry." I just want to know, those large steel plates are all artificially made like the steel plates on the ironclad ship? Manually welded? ”

Xu Guangqi nodded and smiled bitterly, "So the cost is extremely high, if you can't play a role in actual combat, the old ministers will be distressed to death." ”

Lu Xiangsheng, who was beside the emperor, didn't think so, I don't know why the emperor attaches so much importance to this tank? As soon as he heard Xu Guangqi say that it was about the same speed as a snail, he was no longer interested. In his consciousness, it is still the concept of the era of cold weapons.

Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen secretly said, how can his tank ironclad cavalry surpass Huang Taiji's iron cavalry? (To be continued......)