Chapter 555: Tsar Nicholas I
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Inside the Sultan's Palace in Istanbul, the Ottoman Turkish Sultan Abdul. Mejid I was furious, and the Ottoman Empire's request was not only rejected by China, Britain, France, and Spain, but also the Kingdom of France and Spain sent a powerful navy to cruise the territorial waters of the Ottoman Turkish Empire in order to show off its force. Mejid I was very annoyed. The Ottoman Turkish Empire, which was powerful enough to suppress the whole of Europe, has now weakened to this point, which makes him feel very aggrieved. In addition, Abdul. Mejid I considered the Ottoman Turks' demands to be entirely reasonable, but the rude rejection of this request was the main reason for his anger. If it was the heyday of the Ottoman Turkish Empire, there would never be a country that would ignore the voice of the Ottoman Empire anymore!
"Your Majesty, the combined fleet of France and the Kingdom of Spain, is expected to reach the Dardanelles in three days. We have to prepare early. "Mustafa of the Ottoman Empire. Lester. Pasha said. The current situation was very unfavorable for the Ottoman Empire, although only France and the Kingdom of Spain were the only four countries that made up the Canal Development Company to send allied troops, and the Chinese Empire and Britain merely paid lip service to the Ottoman Turkish Empire. However, if war does break out, it is clear that the two countries will not sit idly by.
"What do you have to prepare? I don't believe their fleet can make it to Istanbul! "Abdul. Mejid I said strongly. Istanbul is located on the western side of the Bosphorus Sea, on the eastern shore of the Sea of Marmara. The location is excellent. Coupled with the fact that the Ottoman Turkish Empire had built a number of shore defense batteries on both sides of the Bosphorus and Dardanelles, it was absolutely impossible for the navies of other countries to attack Istanbul through the Guò Strait. Of course. The navy of the Ottoman Turkish Empire was far from being able to compete with the navies of the Western powers.
"Your Majesty, after all, we can't compete with the Western powers. Russia is our worst enemy, and if we go to war with the Western powers, Russia will certainly take the opportunity to attack us. When the time comes, the empire will face an existential crisis. "Fouad. Pasha said hurriedly. The Ottoman Turkish Empire and Russia have been fighting for two hundred years. In the beginning. The Ottoman Turks were also able to defeat Russia and emerge victorious. However, the further back. The more the Ottoman Turkish Empire failed. Russia had become the mortal enemy of the Ottoman Turkish Empire.
Abdul. Mejid I was silent for a moment, as the Sultan of the Empire, he certainly knew the current situation of the country. The Russians began to become more aggressive in the Balkans, and perhaps the Ninth Russo-Turkish War was just around the corner. This time if the Ottoman Turkish Empire loses again. I'm afraid I'm going to lose my country. The Eighth Russo-Turkish War was a war of revenge against Russia initiated by the Ottoman Empire. As a result, they were defeated by Russia and lost a large amount of territory. Russia retained parts of South Ukraine, Crimea, Bessarabia, and the Caucasus, and firmly established itself on the Black Sea coast. Russia took advantage of the Greek War of Independence to move further south, ravaging Moldova and Wallachia again, and then approaching Constantinople through Bulgaria. Under the Russian-Turkish Treaty of Adriatic in September 1829, Russia acquired the mouth of the Danube and its nearby islands and the eastern shore of the Black Sea, and Turkey recognized the annexation of Georgia, Imeretia, and Mingrelia to Russia. The Ottoman Turks also saw their own weak nature. Vigorous reforms began. Now, more than a decade later, the strength of the Ottoman Turkish Empire has increased considerably. But even so. Abdul. Mejid I was also not sure to defeat Russia.
"Your Majesty, we need the support of the Western powers, so that we can confront Russia, and even defeat Russia. Since the canal matter is irreparable, we have to give it up, and we must not let a canal affect our relations with the Western powers. "Mustafa. Lester. Pasha said. The canal was important, but it was even more important to preserve the Ottoman Empire. There is no need to make enemies with the Western powers because of the canal, in that case, it will be a bit more than worth the loss. After all, if there is no state, even if you can get a stake in the canal, then what is the use?
Abdul. Mejid I hesitated for a long time, but finally nodded and agreed with Mustafa. Lester. The opinion of the Pasha, decided to make a temporary concession and abandon the claim to a stake in the canal in exchange for the support of the Western powers. Only in this way can it be guaranteed that the Ottoman Turkish Empire will not be defeated by the Russians in the next war, and thus lead the kingdom to zhì. Although this decision is very aggrieved, for the sake of the country, it has to be done. Otherwise, the Ottoman Turkish Empire would have lost even more.
When the combined fleet of France and the Kingdom of Spain had been cruising around the eastern Mediterranean for a few days near the Dardanelles, the Ottoman ambassador to France secretly met with the French Foreign Secretary, Count Molay, and expressed the Ottoman Empire's intention to get involved in the canal, claiming that the qiē was nothing more than a misunderstanding. The Ottoman Turkish Empire succumbed, and the kingdoms of France and Spain would not hold on to it. After all, although the Ottoman Turkish Empire has declined, it is still a strong country after all, with a population of more than 3,000 and an army of hundreds of thousands, it is not so easy to bully. Moreover, the Western powers also hoped to support the Ottoman Turkish Empire against Russia and prevent further Russian expansion into the Balkans. If war breaks out with the Ottoman Turkish Empire, it may outweigh the losses.
By the time the Canal Development Company had gone to Egypt to negotiate with the Egyptian Governor for the right to dig the canal, the Russian Foreign Minister, Count Count Nesherro Die, had already returned to St. Petersburg. At this time, St. Petersburg was in the middle of ice and snow. This high-latitude city on the eastern shore of the Gulf of Finland, at the mouth of the Neva River, has long winters. Originally, it belonged to the Kingdom of Sweden, but Peter the Great, realizing Russia's inadequacy in the sea, decided to seize it and build a new Russian capital outside of Moscow. In order to fight for the access to the sea facing Western Europe, Tsar Peter I and Sweden began the 21-year Northern War against the Kingdom of Sweden in 1700 at the beginning of the 18th century, Peter I captured Inglemanland from Sweden and built a city here, named St. Petersburg. In 1713-1714 Peter the Great moved the capital from Moscow to St. Petersburg, which became the capital of the Russian Monarchy, which became the political, economic and cultural center of the Russian Monarchy after the continuous expansion of Catherine the Great. Pushkin called Russia a "window to the West."
The current Tsar, Nicholas I, who became the Tsar of Russia in 1825, was the son of Tsar Paul I and the younger brother of Alexander I. On November 17, 1825, Alexander I died of illness in Taganrog without children, so that the throne after Alexander should have been inherited by his second brother Constantine. But Konstantin married a duchess of Poland, which became an improper marriage. In Europe at that time, such marriages of high nobles were not legally recognized, and Constantine automatically renounced the right of inheritance for this marriage, so that the throne could only be inherited by Nikolai. His eldest brother, Alexander I, in a secret edict drafted two years before his death, made Nicholas crown prince. But because it was a secret photo, many ministers did not know about it. The ministers of St. Petersburg swore allegiance to Konstantin and embraced Konstantin as emperor, but Konstantin himself did not want to succeed to the throne and announced that he would give up the throne to Nikolai. Nikolai also did not want to inherit the throne, but instead swore allegiance to Konstantin. The brothers pushed back and forth, and the Russian Empire, which lasted 25 days from November 17 to December 14, was practically unruled.
While Konstantin and Nikolai were pushing each other, some nobles and some high-ranking officers in the army plotted a coup d'état. The organizers of the coup d'état initially planned to abdicate the emperor and arrest the emperor's entire family, but later changed their goal to force Nikolai to relinquish the throne to Constantine, and to force the Senate to organize a provisional government, abolish serfdom, and abolish aristocratic privileges. As a result, the officers who launched the uprising delayed and did not take decisive action, and in the end, the two main organizers of the coup refused to participate in the uprising. Eventually, Nicholas I decided to start a repression of the insurgents. Nicholas I brought in artillery units and opened fire on the rebels assembled on the square. After being hit by the artillery of the Tsar's Guards and the charge of the cavalry, the rebel forces scattered and fled, and the coup failed. As night fell, the noise of the coup completely calmed down, leaving hundreds of corpses on the streets. Since the coup d'état took place in December, the insurrectionists were called the 'Decembrists', and the uprising was accordingly called the 'Decembrist uprising'. On the day of the uprising, 1,271 people died, and hundreds more were sentenced after the uprising was suppressed.
The uprising of the Decembrists frightened Nicholas I. From the day of his official ascension to the throne of the Russian Empire, Nicholas I spared no effort to stifle the ideas of revolution and change. Herzen once said that Nicholas I 'ceremoniously began his reign with the gallows'.
This time, the Foreign Secretary, Count Niechel Rodie, was ordered to go to Paris to join the Canal Development Company, but in the end it was to no avail, which made Tsar Nicholas I very angry. (To be continued......)