50 people cut down the Yizhou patrol envoy! After that, he went all the way south, passing through Mizhou, Haizhou, Chuzhou, Sizhou, Zhenzhou, and Gaoyou, and after such a long toss, his rebel army finally expanded and reached... More than 200 people! Just such a little person, invincible, no one can stop it? Along the way, the yamen of the prefecture and county either surrendered or fled, especially Mr. Chao Zhong, the most funny of the Gaoyou Zhijun, he did not run, but posted a notice, calling on the residents to take out the cattle and sheep and gold silks, and go out of the city to welcome the heroes into the city. In such a situation, Wang Lun felt that the time was ripe. He put on a yellow robe in Gaoyou, announced that he was the emperor, and even the year name was set.

Wang Lun was captured in July and escorted to the capital to be beheaded. In the same month that he died, a second mutiny broke out in southern Shaanxi. The leaders are called Zhang Hai and Guo Miaoshan, and the work of these two people is much more authentic than Wang Lun. First of all, there were a lot of people, and there were only a few dozen people at the beginning, but they grew rapidly, expanding to several thousand people in about a month. And hungry people, rebels, prisoners, and professional bandits are constantly joining... Such combat effectiveness is amazing, and the regular army in the northwest can't even resist it! The high-ranking officials of the Great Song Dynasty were first shocked, and then they were happy. What a blessing! These people didn't come out when they were pinching Li Yuanhao. Due to the sensitivity of the region, the Great Song Dynasty sent the highest level of combat power. Han Qi quickly left Beijing, went to southern Shaanxi, and led the most elite Western army to quell the rebellion! The sooner you ask, the better, and no delay! Han Qi lived up to his expectations and wiped out the rebels in half a month...

On July 4, Xia Zhu was sentenced to Bozhou. On the 11th, Wang Juzheng, the governor of the political council, was dismissed. On the 12th, the court wanted to take Fan Zhongyan and Fu Bi as governors, but they were refused. On the 19th, Ren Zhongsi, the deputy privy envoy, was appointed as the envoy of Hedong Xuanfu, and Fan Zhongyan was appointed as the Xuanfu envoy of Shaanxi.

After more than 4 years, Li Yuanhao's envoy returned to Kaifeng again... It's been 4 years, how many people have died, how much food has been spent, and everything is finally hopefully over...

However, the issue of principle could not be compromised, and the ruling ministers of the Song Dynasty held many meetings, and finally made up their minds to reject Li Yuanhao: his name was not right. Nothing to talk about!

As a result, on July 20, the name was finally "positive". Li Yuanhao sent Lu You Ruding and Shao Liangzuo to send the national letter again. This time, the conditions were much more detailed: the demand for an increase in annual gifts, the cession of land, the lifting of the salt ban, the reopening of the farm... There are 11 articles in total.

Especially the title at the beginning has changed, and there is no longer a son's father's statement, Li Yuanhao directly called himself "My ancestor" Note that he is not a vulture, I am afraid that you Song people will not understand, so there is a direct Chinese transliteration of "My ancestor"

I'm your grandfather... Damn it! Is there any other explanation for these two words? As soon as this national letter appeared, the Great Song Dynasty immediately blew up, and the imperial historians jumped out first, Cai Xiang was furious: If they agreed, they would call themselves "my ancestors" when they wrote in the future, and we also called them "my ancestors" when we answered the edict, so what has become of our dignified Great Song Dynasty? Is it tolerable or unbearable! Never say yes!

From here, the platform is online. In the court, the two factions of the main peace and the main war began to split again. The main harmony is led by Yan Shu, Fan Zhongyan and others, they think that Li Yuanhao's party members have no morality and shame is a tradition, and they will not be able to change it for a while, and mistakes will always be made, even if they are well-behaved now, they will definitely change in the future... This is very accurate, and it has indeed changed since then, and it has been changing for more than 100 years...

The main battle faction was headed by Han Qi. To be precise, he was the only one among the high-ranking officials of the two governments, and Han Qi was angry. Resolutely disagree with peace talks, no matter who persuades them! As a last resort, Yan Shu threw the hedgehog to the emperor: Your Majesty, we all agreed. Only Han Qi was against it. You can do it!

The emperor called Han Qi and asked: What is it for? Han Qi expressed his opinion: The reason why I think that Li Yuanhao will definitely surrender now and will not rebel again in the future is because the Khitan side has stabilized, and the Liao State and us have become allies again. They will restrain Li Yuanhao. But there is one thing: Liao can let Li Yuanhao withdraw his troops, and naturally let him raise troops, at that time, the two fronts will fight, what should we do? Recall why the Liao State allied with us again? Is it the friendship of the ages? Or is it the pressure of Fu Bi and Da Song? It's clearly the latter. If we now agree to Li Yuanhao's peace talks on humiliating terms. The Liao side will definitely weigh our weight again! The state of tigers and wolves cannot be measured by benevolence, righteousness, etiquette, wisdom and faith, we must always be sober! So peace talks are for sure, but not now!

No one could refute such a reason, so the matter dragged on. After a few months, the envoy of Western Xia waited impatiently: You can argue first, and when will you notify me when there is a letter... The Western Xia envoys returned home. The Western Front has thus entered a state of sheepskin pulling...

On the 25th, Li Yuanhao sent an envoy to Liao and asked Yelu Zongzhen to raise troops to attack the Song Dynasty, but Zongzhen refused.

On August 7, Yelu Hongji (the future Liao Daozong) crowned the king of Yan Zhao and Shang Shuling, and took charge of the Privy Council in the north and south.

With the transfer of Fan Zhongyan and Fu Bi on the 13th, the Great Song Dynasty finalized the list of senior officials of the two governments for the third time this year: Prime Minister Zhang Dexiang and Yan Shu. Participated in the governor's affairs, Jia Changchao, Fan Zhongyan. Privy Counsellor Du Yan. Privy Deputy Envoy Ren Zhongsi (deposed on September 11) Han Qi and Fu Bi.

On the 19th, Han Qi went out of Beijing on behalf of Fan Zhongyan and served as the Xuanfu envoy of Shaanxi. Hedong Xuanfu envoy Ren Zhongsi never made the trip.

In such a situation, the history of the Song Dynasty ushered in a classic moment: September 3, 1043, this moment is not only the midpoint of the Renzong Dynasty (Song Renzong has been on the throne for 21 and a half years at this time, and there are still 19 and a half years before his death) and broaden the horizon, but also know that this moment of the Song Dynasty is also the midpoint of the history of the Northern Song Dynasty: at this time, more than 83 years have passed since the Zhao Kuangyin Chenqiao Mutiny and the founding of the Great Song Dynasty, and there are only more than 83 years left from the shame of Jingkang and the death of the two emperors in the north...

Song Renzong summoned the ministers of the two prefectures and officials above the imperial history into the Tianzhang Pavilion of the imperial palace. First of all, led by the emperor, he visited the imperial statues of the three emperors of Taizu, Taizong and Zhenzong, and then came to the desk, which has prepared pen, ink, paper and inkstone: everyone has an understanding of the current situation of the country, and now write out the problems you see and the solutions to solve them to revitalize the country!

On that day, Fan Zhongyan, Han Qi, Fu Bi and others were in a surging mood, and they all wrote their opinions on the spot or after thinking about it at home. Historical records have left Fan Zhongyan's famous recital "Answering the Edict of Chen Shishi", in which he detailed the problems and reform methods in 10 aspects: Ming dethroned, suppressed luck, fine tribute, selection of chiefs, all public fields, thick agricultural mulberry, military equipment, reduction of conscription, Qin Enxin, and heavy orders.

These 10 aspects are a total of 30 words. It looks boring, but the connotation is super rich. Let's break it down one by one:

1. Ming Dethroned. This article talks about changing the most important promotion system for officials in the Song Dynasty at that time, the "grinding system", that is, civil officials once every 3 years and military attaches once every 5 years, and their political achievements can be submitted to the examination court for review, and if there is no gross negligence, they can be promoted to the next level. This system was created by Zhao Zhen's father, Zhao Heng. It blunts officials. It's not about how good someone is, it's about who makes what mistakes. So everyone is avoiding making mistakes, and yes, they can be promoted. Who would dare to do something like that?

So the first thing Fan Zhongyan wants to change is it! It is necessary to innovate in the spirit of officials' work and arouse their enthusiasm in terms of rewards and punishments. The specific method is to combine the sponsorship system of the Taizu and Taizong dynasties with the grinding and exploration system of the Zhenzong dynasty. To examine the merits of an official, we should not only look at whether he has made mistakes, but also look at his achievements, which are determined by the prime minister and privy councilors. At the same time, it is stipulated that those who become officials through sponsorship should be surveyed once every 3 years, and those who apply for officials by themselves should be polished once every 5 years. This is aimed at the children of rich officials, and these people have a way. It's to suppress them! There is also the improvement of punishment regulations: in the past, as long as you don't make mistakes, you can be promoted, but now don't think about it. Incompetence is a mistake! In the future, whoever is incompetent... Don't be afraid, it's not a dismissal, it's another arrangement.

2 Luck: It was the grace of the great and generous Emperor Zhenzong. Since him, the officials of the Great Song Dynasty have eagerly looked forward to the year-end sacrifice in the southern suburbs and the emperor's birthday every year. In those two days, from the ministers of the two prefectures to the officials above the prison level, they could apply to the imperial court: Please be kind to my sons and nephews—from then on, these second-generation officials will officially become officials. And the grace system also has a strong sense of hierarchy in it. Imperial history above. Each person can be a Beijing official every year; Shaoqing Supervisor Ke Enyin is a person who fills the test title; The other Ke Enyin is a one-person Sailang. Fan Zhongyan calculated: A bachelor's degree in Hanlin, a young and middle-class student, who entered the two systems in his 30s, has an officialdom career that only rises but does not fall. What are the difficulties of being a person for more than 20 years? In this way, it is more than 20 second ancestors who entered the officialdom without scientific examination! In the long run, what will the officialdom of the Great Song Dynasty be like? So change it! In the future, transit envoys and civil officials on the border must serve for two years before they can apply for favors. Senior officials of the two governments and two systems. Only 1 son is allowed at the annual ceremony, and it must be a biological son, not even a nephew. And the cabinet is an important position. From now on, the children of high-ranking officials are not allowed to enter easily, not only to take the test, but also to go through sponsorship!

3 Jing Gongju: The talents of the Great Song Dynasty came from the imperial examination. The imperial examination depends on the exam questions. And the exam questions determine what talents usually learn. Mathematics students are reciting Confucian classics, learning to compose poems and songs, such "talents" can be said to govern the country, nothing more than to govern the country with benevolence, rest with the people, diligent government and love the people and other clichés, to put it bluntly, is to memorize Confucius and Mencius quotations. There is no practical value at all for resisting the Khitan and the party, and how to produce wealth for the country.

If you want to change, you must change the education system! It is necessary to "teach the industry of the economy and take the talents of the economy", "first test the theory of strategy and then the poetry and endowment, and do not exaggerate the ministers of the ornaments" There is another detail: abolish the sealing volume system! In the future, the candidate's real name will be revealed in the examination papers. Reason? If you can't see the name, you will lose the original intention of recommending and selecting talents in the township, and who will select talents for the imperial court in the future? As for cheating, what do you examiners do? What do the Supervision Yuan and Kaifeng Mansion do? As long as you carefully inspect and deal with it ruthlessly, you will definitely be able to stop the unhealthy trend!

4. Election of governors: It is necessary to elect qualified local officials. Fan Zhongyan's method is from top to bottom, 10 road-level cadres are selected and recommended by the two prefectures, 10 people from the state of Dazhou are recommended by the road transfer envoy, and 10 people from the county are recommended by the governor, and they are recommended layer by layer, which are interlocking, so they should be selected, right?

5. Jungong land: In order to make the officials honest, give them land, but the problem arises at the same time, the quality of the field is different, who do you give good and who is bad? Also: Isn't it normal for officials' fields to be next to the people's fields and encroach on a few acres and hectares? So a dispute arose, officials fought with the people, and officials fought with officials, which made Liu E in the Tiansheng years angry, and the public land was canceled. Now that Fan Zhongyan is suggesting restoration, how can the injustice be eliminated? Please refer to the previous article, when the officials are cured, everything will be fine.

6 thick peasants and mulberry 8 reduced forced labor: these two items are the affairs of the peasants, but at the same time, the government has greater responsibilities. As we all know, we are a big agricultural country, especially in ancient times, almost all the national taxes were obtained from the land, that is, the peasants fed everyone, but by the time of Renzong, the peasants could no longer live. The specific situation is that "the rice seedlings have not been established and the mulberry leaves have not been spit out and the purchase" and the basket, and the buy, this is the government to the people to collect grain, silk and linen utensils special terms, to reach the above level, that is, advance payment, eat grain, farmers have to pay taxes for many years in advance. As for where did the money and goods go? Very simply, the ever-expanding army, the growing ranks of officials, the "gifts" to the Khitan and the party, plus the temples built by the gods and Buddhas at all levels, and the living expenses of monks and Taoists... None of them are useful to the national economy and people's livelihood. That's why we have to change, but if we change, we have to touch the most sensitive nerve of the country - to save money, whose money do you want to save? Army, officials, Liao, party or immortals? Move which one has a big head! Therefore, how to let the peasants concentrate on farming, the state should have rewards, and even less tossing, and give the peasants time to work.

9 Qin Enxin (the court's pardon decree must be strictly enforced) and 10 orders (the court must unify the decrees of various places) These two items are very speechless. People have no faith, and they don't know what they can do. This is the minimum criterion for being a human being. What about a country? Actually say one thing in the morning and do one thing in the evening, change the order day and night, and there is no punishment! This is not the decree of the state, but the children are playing at home? What to do? One word: punishment! There is no other way.

To sum up, the problem is serious, and the solution is simple. To put it bluntly, Fan Zhongyan's plan is to use the "responsibility system and punishment system" to tie up officials layer by layer with a recommendation system, and then set up some punishment systems that have not been done before, so that officials can understand a little bit of things... That's it, doesn't it work? Is there even anything more inappropriate than the original system? This will only be seen in later practice. At this time, what can be affirmed is that the punishment is not a question of whether it is heavy enough, but whether it is strong or not!

There is no specific clause for punishment at all, how can you make the offender afraid?

Now let's talk about the seventh and most important one: military training. This is said to be Fan Zhongyan's most vocal and certainly meaningful question, because he has just returned from the battlefield. The border problem of the Song Dynasty has become so serious that it can no longer be serious, the Liao State does not say it, and the Western Xia has also begun to fight against the Song Dynasty, which is unimaginable and impossible to happen in the Taizu Taizong Dynasty and even the Zhenzong Dynasty! How to solve it? First of all, we need to analyze what is the problem? Fan Zhongyan started from the actual battle and summed up two points: 1. The forbidden army was crowded in the capital, and they were sent to the frontier only if there was something. This loses valuable time in terms of emergency speed. 2 If you raise and send troops in the capital, then you will never have enough food and salary on the frontier. Whether it is resisting or entering the enemy's hinterland, it will have to carry food for thousands of miles. This point is actually an important reason for the countless defeats of the Song army before. So change it! How to change?

Fan Zhongyan suggested recruiting 50,000 militiamen near the Beijing division and sending them to the frontier to be stationed. Three seasons of farming and one season of military training every year, self-sufficient. In this way, the previous problems have been solved. Is this a good solution? What I can tell you is: Since the announcement of this article, the Great Song Dynasty and the opposition have been in an uproar and shock. Everyone unanimously agreed: If this is really done, the Song Dynasty will be a country, and the world will soon be in chaos.

Because Fan Zhongyan changed the most basic national policy set by the Great Song Dynasty from Zhao Kuangyin - the "conscription system" is simply put: in the flood and drought years, when the peasants did not live, the government came forward to recruit the victims into soldiers. Give them food to eat, let them contribute to the country, and at the same time there will be no rebellion. At that time, Zhao Kuangyin said proudly: "When there is a rebellion, there are chaotic soldiers but no chaotic people." In the disaster year, there were chaotic people but no chaotic soldiers" in the world of the Great Song Dynasty, no matter how much you toss, there will be no major incident. (To be continued......)