Chapter 148: Opponent (4)

"Before making the decision to accept, the government has fully assessed the overall situation and formulated corresponding diplomatic countermeasures, striving to resolve the issue at the negotiating table, but it must not fail to prepare for the worst." Hook reassured.

www.cmfu.com issued that "as long as the army uses 200,000 troops, it is expected to take the whole territory of Burma within three months, and then threaten India. Nie Shicheng shouted.

www.cmfu.com release "The Chengdu-Kunming railway has not yet started, the roads in the Yunnan-Burma area are rugged, how to solve the supply of 200,000 troops?" Liu Buyun retorted, obviously he didn't just have the ocean in his eyes.

www.cmfu.com released Hook raised his palms and said: "There is no need for the two to argue too much, the government does not expect a full-scale war with Britain, and will make a certain degree of concession if necessary, but it cannot give up military preparations because of this, and the purpose of convening a meeting today is to listen to opinions and mobilize to ensure the implementation of government decisions." ”

www.cmfu.com released the arc of lightning drawn in the air by the sight of the Minister of the Army and the Navy in a flash.

www.cmfu.com the atmosphere of the announcement eased slightly, and Liu Bailiang, chief of the general staff who was sitting on the side, followed Hook's eyes and said: "I think that the top priority at the moment is to send troops, but not to send defense troops, and the Tibetan army of the nature of a militia should solve the problem, and in order to strengthen the combat strength of the Tibetan army, the weapons stockpiled by the garrison army can be transferred to the Tibetan army and support the Gurkha army." The communication between the Tibetan local government and the central government has always been poor, which can be interpreted as an act of the local government in the face of communication difficulties. Seventeen years ago, the Tibetan army that held on to Longtu Mountain and Yadong repeatedly disobeyed the orders of the central government of the previous dynasty and fought against the British army. Moreover, the Tibetan army is the most suitable to operate in a high mountain and cold place like Gorkha, and the garrison troops from the interior are easy to become a burden. The garrison should hold the key points and provide a solid support for the Tibetan army. ”

www.cmfu.com released Liu Buyun and said: "What Chief of General Staff Liu said is very good, but the contemptible people think that there is a big problem with the sudden tribute of the Gurkha this time. ”

www.cmfu.com everyone looked at him for an explanation.

www.cmfu.com issued "since the 58th year of Qianlong (1793), the Gurkha began to pay tribute, since then, five years of tribute, has never changed, Guangxing eight years (1903), Gurkha has come to pay tribute as promised, the next tribute should be in 1908 that is, Kaihong four years, the tribute is not in line with the example, the tribute envoy is really a special envoy, specially for the affairs of the subject country. However, do you know that in the twenty-sixth year of Daoguang (1846), a pro-British Gurkha officer loyal to the Grana clan raised troops to seize power and proclaimed himself prime minister, and after more than 50 years, the hereditary prime minister of the Rana family controlled the military and political power, and the king of the Shah Dynasty became a puppet, and this time the tribute envoy only came in the name of the king, and did not mention that there was a request from the prime minister, and the king was not in power, how could he be gullible? In addition, although the current situation of the Gurkha is different from that of Korea and the Ryukyus, it is still the same as the old practice of paying tribute on a regular basis, and it is no different from being accepted as a protectorate if it follows the regulations of Korea and the Ryukyus as a whole, and is accepted as a subject state under the law of vassals. The British had the Segri Treaty, the Gurkha diplomacy was under the control of the British, and there were no other people in the Gorkha capital except the British, and the annex to the Sino-British secret treaty in the ninth year of Guangxing had already recognized the Gurkha as the protection of the British. Our country's current plan is to recuperate in Taoguang, recuperate and recuperate, in order to achieve the great cause in the future, and if the small ones are unbearable, they will make big plans, and they should not spoil the general trend for small profits. ”

www.cmfu.com released Liu Buchan was really prepared.

www.cmfu.com Release" Minister Liu means that maintaining the status quo is the priority. Sending troops to Gurkha has a bearing on the overall situation of India and Tibet, and the issue of India and Tibet cannot be resolved in one day. Navy Chief of Staff Lin Taizeng added.

www.cmfu.com releaseAs Lin Tai once said, the Indo-Tibetan issue has a long history and is intertwined. In addition to the Gurkha direct tribute to the Qing Dynasty, Tsemengxiong (Sikkim) and Bulbak (Bhutan) have long been Tibetan vassals, and paid tribute to the Qing Dynasty, since the 60s of the 19th century, the three places of Khok, Zhe and Burundi have gradually been controlled by the British, and have become the bridgehead of the British expansion to Tibet.

www.cmfu.com promulgated the 1876 Sino-British Treaty of Yantai stipulating that the British could enter Tibet from Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan or India, and the British and Indian authorities were waiting for an opportunity to implement it. In October 1884, the British and Indian governments instructed Ma Kelei to organize a commercial expedition to Tibet. At the beginning of 1886, the Ma Kelei delegation concentrated on Darjeeling, near Tsemengxiong (Sikkim), to prepare to enter Tibet, but gave up due to the resolute opposition of the Tibetan region. In order to prevent the British invasion, the local Tibetan authorities decided to set up a checkpoint in Longtu Mountain. Longtu Mountain belongs to the Gena Sect, Gena Zong belongs to Tibet, once allocated by the * Lama to the Zhe Mengxiong Department for long-term grazing, the British said that it belonged to the Zhe Mengxiong, so they accused the Tibetan soldiers of invading the Zhe Mengxiong, in March 1888 to attack and occupy the Longtu Mountain, and then invaded Nadang, the state, and advanced to Yadong. The Tibetan army gathered more than 10,000 people on the line from Yadong to Pali to prepare for a decisive battle with the British army, and Bulbak (Bhutan) also sent reinforcements of 1,700 people, but the Qing government sent Shengtai, the assistant minister in Tibet, to negotiate with the British to strike the army and demarcate the border, and forcibly disbanded the Tibetan army. On March 17, 1890 (the 16th year of Guangxu), Shengtai and Langston, the Governor of the Anglo-Indian government, formally signed the "Sino-British Conference Tibet-India Treaty" in Calcutta, with a total of 8 articles, the main contents of which are: the Qing government recognized Zhe Mengxiong as a British protector; demarcation of the border between Tibet and the British Zhemengxiong; Matters concerning nomadism, trade, etc., between the two sides will be discussed later, and so on.

After the promulgation of the signing of the "Sino-British Conference on Tibet-India Treaty" www.cmfu.com, China and Britain continued to negotiate on these three issues in accordance with the stipulation that the three contents of trade, nomadic rights, and cultural exchanges should be "negotiated separately after a later date". In February 1891, the Qing Dynasty minister in Tibet appointed Huang Shaoxun, a Tibetan grain worker, as a negotiator, and He Zheng as a Chinese interpreter and representative, and negotiated with the British for nearly three years. There was no major dispute between the two sides on the issue of cultural migration and nomadism. The controversy over the trade issue delayed the negotiations, and it was not until December 5, 1893 (the 19th year of Guangxu) that an agreement was reached at Darjeeling, when He Changrong and He Zheng, on behalf of the Qing government, signed the "Sino-British Conference Tibetan and Indian Terms" (also known as the "Sino-British Conference Tibetan and Indian Renewal Treaty") with the British representative Paul. There are 12 articles in the "Tibet-India Articles of the Sino-British Conference", the main contents of which are: opening and closing trade in Yadong, Tibet, "allowing British merchants of all colors to trade"; The British and Indian governments could send personnel to inspect trade here; Since the date of the opening of Yadong, Tibet-India trade will be exempted from tariffs for five years; One year after the Yadong switch, the Tibetans were to be nomadic in Zhemengxiong in accordance with the regulations established by the British. The Sino-British Conference on Tibetan and Indian Clauses opened the door to Tibet, China. After the opening of Yadong, a large number of British and Indian goods entered Tibet and reached as far as Sichuan and Yunnan.

www.cmfu.com promulgated that the local government of Tibet had long resisted the "Sino-British Conference on Tibet-India Treaty" and the "Renewal" of the treaty, obstructed the demarcation of the Indo-Tibetan border by refusing to provide labor and guides, and repeatedly sent personnel to Zhe Mengxiong to collect taxes and build boundary markers.

Since the signing of the "Renewal Treaty" issued in www.cmfu.com, the British side has challenged the Chinese central government almost every year on the Indo-Tibetan issue, and successive central governments have dealt with it with an ambiguous attitude, and at the same time strengthened its control over Tibet: after the First Sino-Japanese War, it sent a garrison of 3,000 troops to Lhasa and Shigatse; In Batang, Qamdo, and Chayu, prefectures and counties were set up, and the feudal rule of lords and temples was changed to national autonomy under the guidance of the central government; demarcated the Sino-Indian border in southeastern Tibet and set up a card to send troops to garrison it; Helped the local government of Tibet train a modern army of 2,000 troops.

After www.cmfu.com announced that the local government of Tibet had received military support from the central government, it intensified its operations against Zhe Mengxiong and actively contacted the Gurkha and Bulbak in an attempt to restore the old order in Tibet-India, which directly triggered the Indo-Tibetan conflict in 1903. When a small group of Tibetan troops entered the area that belonged to Zhe Mengxiong according to the treaty, a British army under the command of Francis Edward Younghusband (composed of British officers and Indian soldiers) launched an attack, defeated the Tibetan army in succession, broke through Yadong and Pali, advanced to Gala and Kangma, and shook the whole of Tibet, and finally the garrison army commanded by Zhao Erfeng, deputy commander of the Tibet Special Military Region, and the new Tibetan army completely defeated the invading British army in Kangma, and recovered Pari and Yadong. However, in the ensuing secret negotiations between China and Britain, in view of the background of the ongoing Asian-Russian War, Zhang Zhigao's government confirmed that Zhe Mengxiong, Brubak, and Gurkha were under British protection, but allowed the Gurkha to continue to pay tribute, and promised to urge the local government of Tibet to earnestly implement the "Tibet-India Treaty" and the "Renewal" with the central government's strength, and the two sides released the prisoners of war and returned the captured equipment.

www.cmfu.com the announcement of the current hasty dispatch of troops to the Gurkha is tantamount to destroying the foundation of the Sino-British secret treaty, which is no different from going back on its word, and the "Sino-British-Tibet-India Conference Treaty" and the "Renewal Treaty" will also lose their meaning, and the British side will inevitably interpret this as a prelude to China's attempt to restore the old order in the Tibetan and Indian regions and then threaten India, and Britain will do whatever it takes to defend the British Empire's most important colony. At this time, the "yellow peril theory" was prevalent in the Western world, and the "new crusade of the twentieth century" was about to move, and the European continent's containment of Britain was weakened, and the British Empire could go all out, and even enlist Russia, France, the Netherlands, and other countries as allies to act together. It has only been more than ten years since China's Restoration, and there is a new war, and it is the time to recuperate, and it is not the best policy to rashly become an enemy of the largest empire on earth.

www.cmfu.com released that Lin Tai had been talking like a river, talking endlessly, and his analysis was reasonable, and the eyes of all the generals changed when they looked at him.

www.cmfu.com Liu Bailiang wrote a note and handed it to Hook, which read: "Is he the chief of staff of the Navy or the prime minister?" ”

www.cmfu.com posted Hook shrugged his shoulders in a helpless gesture.

As soon as the www.cmfu.com had finished speaking, Hook continued: "The government is not completely ignorant of the problems mentioned by the two men, so it is still observing the situation, waiting for the declaration of the king of Gurkha asking for troops, and formulating a general course of response, trying to keep possible conflicts to a minimum, and all our actions are only to occupy more favorable conditions at the negotiating table." The government has no intention of launching an offensive on the subcontinent now, and if the situation does come to the point of bringing it to the brink of all-out war, it will take full responsibility to prevent the outbreak of all-out war, even if the cabinet resigns. In this way, you can rest assured. ”

www.cmfu.com released Liu Buyun first exchanged glances with Lin Taizeng and Yan Fu, and then nodded: "Since the central government has this determination, I naturally have nothing to say, the navy can be mobilized at any time, and the plan can be handed over to Chief of Staff Lin to formulate." ”

www.cmfu.com release