Chapter 364: Battle of Jianghuai
Military schools are only part of the grassroots military education in the West. Pen? Interesting? Pavilion wWw. biquge。 In addition to the personnel trained in military academies, a considerable part of the wartime officers were supplemented by the University Reserve Officer Training Corps and the selection of officers from among the outstanding non-commissioned officers. And at this point, at least in the short term, it is still irreparable.
It should be said that the Japanese have done quite well in their most basic military education. At least in the early days of the war, the level of their reserve officers was quite high. Even at the end of the road, the level of reserve officers is not bad. However, they distinguish too much between officers and non-commissioned officers, and 99 percent of those experienced non-commissioned officers can only serve as non-commissioned officers for the rest of their lives.
Preferring officers with no experience, assault training, the Japanese were reluctant to select officers from a large pool of experienced non-commissioned officers. This was the biggest mistake of the Japanese in the training of officers. However, this does not mean that the Japanese-style concept of officer training is really undesirable at all.
Although the Soviet-style military education system is somewhat too detailed, it is not conducive to the cultivation of a grassroots commander's all-round ability. At least at the regimental level and below, even commanders at all levels at the division level can only be responsible for the command of their own arms. However, after all, on the basis of suiting their own national conditions, they have met the most basic needs of the troops.
They pay more attention to the most basic establishment at the stage of the composite force, which is also the regimental level, which is the most critical connection between middle-level officers and senior officers, and the combined training of officers above the regimental level. The level of education in China is far from being as good as in the Soviet Union at the beginning of the civil war, and this system is still in line with China's national conditions, at least for a short time.
And Guo Bingxun also knew that although Yang Zhen supported his own education, he would not agree to be the principal of an infantry school. In fact, as the chief of staff of the Anti-Japanese Federation, Guo Bingxun, who is very aware of the weaknesses in the training of military cadres of the Anti-Japanese Federation, has to admit that Yang Zhen's focus is very accurate. After pondering for a long time, Guo Bingxun finally nodded.
Guo Bingxun's final nod made Yang Zhen secretly breathe a sigh of relief. Guo Bingxun wants to engage in military education after the war, and Yang Zhen is still very supportive. But what Guo Bingxun was thinking in his heart, Yang Zhen could roughly guess it. After all, they are high-achieving students from famous military schools in the West, and the education model is still very convincing for the military school that has trained the most famous military commander in France.
His most powerful assistant wants to run a military school, and Yang Zhen is still very supportive. The establishment of a formal three-level military education system is also what Yang Zhen has been pursuing. But Guo Bingxun's idea is very unrealistic in Yang Zhen's opinion. At least for quite a long time, there was no such foundation in the country.
Yang Zhen proposed to base Soviet-style military education with some Japanese military education concepts, which is undoubtedly quite in line with the current situation in China. Drawing on the advantages of various quarters, including one's own enemies, and taking into account the actual situation and experience inside and outside the border gates, to come up with a military education system and theory that suits one's own characteristics is a strategic issue that has a bearing on the future development of the whole army.
Although Guo Bingxun is a little idealistic, he has both ability and vision, which Yang Zhen knows very well. Moreover, in terms of the military education system, Yang Zhen did not agree with the overall Sovietization. Although the Soviet Union's military education system is more in line with China's national conditions, its own shortcomings are also there.
The military education system is too rigid and too detailed. Just like the machine gun schools that exist in the Soviet army in large numbers to train machine gun platoon commanders, Yang Zhen does not agree very much. These basic things can be cultivated in infantry schools. There is also the military normal school of the Soviets, and Yang Zhen does not agree very much.
It is a bit too cumbersome for the specialties of each branch of the armed forces to go from the basic command schools of the armed forces to the academies of the armed forces that train senior commanders of their own services. Although the Japanese were defeated under his own command, at least some aspects of the military education system, Yang Zhen still admired the Japanese army's education system.
Therefore, Yang Zhen proposed to absorb the essence of Japanese-style military education and improve the Soviet-style education system that was planned to be adopted according to its own characteristics. Taking two completely different military education concepts and systems, but with the same goal, and creating a military education model that conforms to the Chinese themselves,
Yang Zhen thinks that as long as he convinces Guo Bingxun and discards those unrealistic ideas, he will do this job well. Yang Zhen still has the confidence to single-handedly create an efficient and concise command system of the Anti-Japanese Federation, as well as Guo Bingxun, who has solid staff work, whether he has the ability to run a synthetic command military academy.
After getting rid of Guo Bingxun, Yang Zhen still focused on his secret plans. As for the Korean battlefield, he only sat in the rear, and did not personally go to the front line to command. At this moment, even if Du Kaishan mobilized most of the troops he could mobilize, the entire Korean battlefield could still only be regarded as a local battlefield.
At least until the main forces of the North Korean army are fully invested, the overall size will be at most a group army level. Yang Zhen thinks that Du Kaishan's ability is more than enough to deal with at least for now. Therefore, Yang Zhen did not go to the Korean battlefield to command, but sat in the rear and watched.
On the battlefield in Guannai, the Jianghuai Campaign, which had been prepared for two whole months, began in an all-round way on 21 April. With the cooperation of the main forces of the New Fourth Army's Northern Jiangsu Military Region and the Huaibei Military Region, as well as the five divisions of the New Fourth Army operating in eastern Henan, the Anti-Japanese Union Troops entering the customs and one of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region and the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region, as well as the main forces of the New Fourth Army and the Huaibei Military Region operating in eastern Henan, launched a full-line attack on the Japanese Huaihe defense line.
In this battle, Mr. Lin showed his consistent meticulous thinking. Before the war, reconnaissance units were constantly dispatched, and with the cooperation of the Huainan and Soviet-Chinese Military Regions of the New Fourth Army, detailed reconnaissance of the Japanese defense system in Huainan was carried out to make up for the lack of aerial reconnaissance. At the same time, when deploying on the battlefield, the characteristics of the terrain are also taken into account in detail.
In terms of the deployment of troops and firepower, the eastern front is dominated by the terrain that is more suitable for tank assault operations. On the surface, at least, this deployment is decent. However, Yang Zhen also knew that with Mr. Lin's own command style, he would never adopt such a mediocre tactical deployment. Otherwise, in the deployment stage, we will not come to the Northeast many times to learn from experience.
It is necessary not only to take the experience of commanding tank groups by yourself, but also to take the experience of the Soviet army in the use of large-scale armored forces on the Soviet-German battlefield summarized by the headquarters of the Anti-Japanese Union, as well as some special combat examples. I also have to go Chen Hanzhang, the best commander of the armored forces of the Anti-United Nations. As for what means Mr. Lin is hiding, Yang Zhen is a little waiting.
After the Jianghuai Campaign was fully opened on 21 April, an armored division under the personal command of General Lin, four armored brigades plus five independent tank regiments, the first mechanized infantry division, the 11 infantry divisions, and the four divisions of the Shandong Military Region, as well as the main force of the Northern Jiangsu Military Region, formed the Eastern Front Corps, and took the lead in launching a frontal battle in Lianshui and Funing.
The first frontal start of Lianshui and Funing also officially opened the prelude to the Jianghuai Campaign. Under intensive artillery fire and air cover, after five hours of repeated assaults. The five infantry divisions, which were the first wave of the Qiangdu troops, with the cooperation of a division of the Shandong Military Region and the main force of the Northern Jiangsu Military Region, took the lead in opening a 15-kilometer-long gap in the front of Lianshui.
Of course, this section of the river can no longer be called the Yellow River, since the Huayuankou burst seven years ago, the Yellow River along the Yinghe River and the Whirlpool River southward into the sea, this section of the river has become the Yellow River. The Jianghuai Campaign was at least on the Eastern Front, and it would be more appropriate to call it the Huanghuai Campaign.
At present, it is in the dry season, and with the water diversion of Hongze Lake, the amount of water in this section of the Yellow River after the seizure of Huai is not large, and the river surface is not too wide. Mr. Lin's choice of this direction as the main direction of attack is also decent. Compared with the Western Front, the breakthrough of the Eastern Front, where the main forces were concentrated, opened much faster.
After taking the lead in opening the gap on the Eastern Front, General Lin ordered the first wave of landing troops to immediately develop in depth. Rapid deployment of follow-up forces, especially armored forces, to the flanks to expand the beachhead. At the same time, in the shortest possible time, part of the artillery units was transferred to the southern bank.
After eighteen hours of fierce fighting, under the cover of the first batch of armored brigades to cross the river. After a bitter battle, the troops in the first round of forced crossings repelled more than 10 counter-assaults by the Japanese army. Lianshui and Funing, important towns on the south bank of the lower reaches of the Huai River, were successively recovered, and a beachhead with a depth of more than 30 kilometers and a length of more than 100 kilometers from north to south was established on the south bank of the Huai River.
After expanding and stabilizing the beachhead, the troops participating in the battle, with the cooperation of the 1st Armored Division and two tank regiments that crossed the river later, carried out interspersed and divided operations against the entire in-depth defense line of the Japanese army. The forward pointed directly at Yancheng, an important town in northern Jiangsu, and quickly interspersed with a force in the direction of Baoying.
Just when the Japanese army hurriedly launched a counterattack on the breakthrough opened by the Anti-Japanese Union in front of Lianshui and Funing, trying to re-seal the opened breakthrough. The two divisions of the Shandong Military Region and one column of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region are under the unified command of the Shandong Military Region and are under the cooperation of the tank regiments directly under the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region.
The attention of the Japanese army on the entire front was attracted by the rout of the frontal battlefield in Funing. On the entire front east of Funing, the troops are already quite empty of opportunities. On the Caiqiao line in the northeast of Funing, a forcible crossing operation was suddenly launched again. After completing the river crossing, a forcible crossing was launched in the direction of Yancheng.
After this force crossed the river and spread out to the south, it was heralded that the Japanese defense line on the south bank of the Huai River was completely broken. The three-way attack troops that launched assaults from the front line of Lianshui, Funing and Beicaiqiao were like three sharp knives, completely disrupting the Japanese defense system between the entire Jianghuai River.
In order to ensure the armored clusters that were the main part of the attack on the Eastern Front, it was possible to quickly cross the river and the speed of the assault in the water network zone. In the campaign initiation stage, Lin concentrated sixty percent of the engineering troops on the entire Eastern Front. It carried nearly half of the army's gate and boat bridges, as well as two-thirds of the assault boats.
After the breakthrough was opened, within six hours, the sappers who participated in the battle quickly erected more than 20 pontoon bridges on the river surface from Lianshui to Funing. Within eleven hours, the main forces of the Eastern Front cluster, including a large number of tank units participating in the battle, had all the heavy equipment that had crossed the river.
In addition to a large number of Zhouqiao troops participating in the war, 200 American-made LVT amphibious landing vehicles transferred from the Anti-Japanese Union to North China were also put into this direction. It is also on this basis that the first wave of assault can be thrown into five divisions in one go. When Lianshui and Funing were launched at the same time, they still had the ability to carry out the second forced crossing operation on the front line of Beicai Bridge.
In order to support the river-crossing operation, in front of Lianshui and Buning, General Lin deployed nine 150-millimeter howitzer regiments directly under him, two 122 rocket regiments, and all artillery pieces of 200 millimeters or more. The air force transferred to Guannai by the Anti-Union also put in two attack aircraft groups and one medium bomber group.
In addition, a large number of divisional artillery and corps mortars, as well as a mountain artillery regiment and a field artillery battalion of the Shandong Military Region participated in the battle. The field artillery regiment directly under the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region, plus a Japanese-style howitzer battalion. The powerful artillery and aviation of the participating units provided sufficient fire support for the assault troops to open the gap as soon as possible.
On the first day, the artillery of the participating units fired more than 100,000 rounds of shells of various calibers. The Japanese positions on the front line of Lianshui and Buning, which were more than 20 kilometers deep, were blown into ruins. Powerful artillery fire and air cover ensured the smooth progress of the forced crossing.