575 Final Lecture
A typical example of a wrong step is this. Gurion, he was wrong from the beginning, and then he misjudged the situation, naturally adding mistakes to mistakes. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 infoWhen these errors accumulate to a certain extent, it really hurts!
Right here in the present. When Gurion panicked and prepared to run Moscow again to give in to the Soviet Union, an even heavier blow fell on the Jews. First, Britain announced the complete abrogation of the Balfour Declaration and declared that Jews would no longer be allowed to return to Palestine for settlement. The second is that Britain demands that all militias in the Palestinian areas unconditionally surrender all weapons and equipment, on the grounds that it will create a peaceful Palestine free of conflict.
Of course, we know that this is nonsense, the British are the one hand that collects the arms of the Jews, but then hands over the weapons and equipment to the Arabs in Palestine. It is clear that it is to pull the bias frame.
In an instant, the living conditions of the Jews in the Palestinian areas took a sharp turn for the worse, and although the British did not explain what the consequences would be if the Jewish militia did not surrender their arms, they were afraid that the Jews would be pumped to death with the urine of the cows.
For the Jews, the situation has reached the extreme. Gurion's shouting to the British through diplomatic channels was also useless, and for Britain a mere booggy East Prussia was an egg!
"It is already clear that the British are clearly tilting their favor with the Arabs and that in the future they will completely suppress our presence in Palestine. Judging by the information coming from the intelligence field, the British even had the idea of expelling the Jews from the Palestinian areas completely, and were even preparing to popularize the Lateran Act again within the Commonwealth......"
At the first hearing of the word Lateran, almost all the Jews present were dumbfounded, because the bill was a great disgrace to the Jews. So what's the Lateran Act? Born in 1215, it was the most important act for the persecution and exclusion of Jews. I won't say much about the specific provisions, but the general content is that Jews are inherently inferior, and the government of any country is not allowed to appoint Jews to public office (deprived of political rights and not allowed to take civil service examinations), even court servants are not allowed to hold Jews, and others continue to make it clear that Jews are not allowed to own land (this is an old tradition, I think that the Jews' agricultural skills were quite good back then, but this article deprived the Jews of the talent of farming). Of course, the most humiliating thing was that the Lateran Act required all Jews to wear a distinctive mark, the yellow Star of David (a slight departure from the current coat of arms of Israel, which was outlined with black lines, and the entire interior of the Star of David was filled with earthy yellow and the word JUDE).
Let's put it this way, this mark of shame accompanied the Jews from 1215 until 1945, but some countries abolished this requirement because they were more liberal (such as France, where Napoleon granted French citizenship to the Jews, which was equivalent to emancipating the Jews), and the more stubborn and anti-Semitic, such as the Nazis, only strengthened the symbol. Of course, after the final solution comes out, it doesn't matter if there is this sign or not, anyway, what awaits the Jews is the return to destruction.
It should also be mentioned here that the history of the Jews in Europe has been quite miserable since the Middle Ages, and it can be said that they have almost no human rights. No Christian country recognized the citizenship rights of Jews, Jews were forcibly denied land, politics, professed Judaism and synagogues, Jews from all countries were required to live in designated Jewish communities, and Christians were not allowed to marry Jews.
Let's put it this way, since the Middle Ages, Jews have been the scapegoats for all kinds of vicious events, and if someone disappears inexplicably, the local magistrate will not work together to find someone, but directly go into the Jewish community and kidnap a few Jewish wizards and come back and burn them, because according to the saying at that time, Jews would use Christian flesh and blood as scapegoats when they sacrificed to God. If someone dies tragically and the murderer cannot be found, it is simpler, and only the Jews can do it. This is still the common case, such as in the more superstitious Eastern Europe, which also believes that Jews are relatives of vampires, and that Cain, the ancestor of the Jews, is the ancestor of vampires. Another example is the widespread Black Death in Europe, which was the product of the union of Jewish women and the devil, otherwise why would almost all the inhabitants of the city die, and only the Jews have nothing to do? (It must be noted that Jews were really shot while lying down, and the main reason why Jews were fine when the Black Death broke out was that Jews had much higher hygiene and medical care than Christians.) Why is medieval history dark? Because this era was extremely anti-intellectual, Christianity rejected all the good things of the Roman era, encouraged not bathing, and opposed medicine. This is not a lie, for example, the famous King Henry IV of France, a very accomplished monarch who was a man who did not like to bathe, when he first met his second wife, Mary of the Medici family, the future queen was almost fainted by the strong body smell of Henry IV, and when was this late 16th century! )
Continuing back to the previous topic, the most persecution of the Jews belonged to the Habsburgs, especially in Spain, where do you think the famous Inquisition was originally used for something? When Ferdinand and Erabella got married, they tried to create a pagan-free state, and the couple not only resorted to the Jews by choosing to survive or be baptized (forced to convert to Catholicism, roughly equivalent to the Manchu rule of keeping their heads without hair), but also depriving them of their economic rights. These Jews, who were forcibly converted, were not of high status, and the Spaniards disparaged them as Maranne (Old Spanish for "pig"). The most popular drama in Spain was the trial of Jews, and every heresy set up a fixed burn at the stake, and every once in a while, a group of Jews or Maranne were burned to death. It is hard to say whether these poor Jews or Maranne were heretics or not. Anyway, we can see that there are very few Jews in Spain now.
And now, the British are talking about reinstating the Larante Act, which will take the Jews back to the dark Middle Ages almost overnight.
Even if the news is just gossip, but Ben. The Gurions did not dare to bet that the British would not dare to do this, even if the British did not do it openly, as long as they showed anti-Jewish tendencies, the Jews could not stand it. For a time, Britain was almost equated with the Nazis in the minds of the Jews. But let Ben. The Gurions were worried that the Soviet Union had won the victory in the previous resistance to the Nazis with the help of the Soviet Union, and now that they are opposing the persecution of the British, will the Soviet Union still help? Especially considering the disharmony in the relationship between the two countries before, it is very worrying!
Root. Gurion hurried to Moscow again, this time not empty-handed, but with a contract worth ten million dollars, and East Prussia was ready to purchase large quantities of arms and other supplies from the Soviet Union, which was not a small deal.
This time it was Vyshinsky who received him, but Ben. Gurion didn't have the heart to slander, he just hoped that the Soviet Union would happily accept the contract, and then hurry up to talk about the future cooperation.
Just let Ben. To Gurion's surprise, after reading the contract, Vyshinski said indifferently: "I'm sorry, Mr. Prime Minister." Our country cannot agree to this contract in accordance with the government. The Soviet Union demanded that in order to maintain world peace and tranquility, the Soviet Union would tighten the arms trade and refrain from selling arms to potentially high-risk areas and conflict zones. ”
Root. Gurion was stunned, he really didn't know that there was such a statement. So is there really such a statement? Yes, yes, this is still proposed by Li Xiaofeng, but this thing is actually aimed at the enemies of the Soviet Union, such as the People's Party and the Arab League. The main thing is to prevent the flow of arms from third countries to these forces. As for the Jews, they were only recently put on this list by Li Xiaofeng, and the intention was naturally to beat them.
"Are you mistaken?" Root. Gurion was angry and anxious, when did East Prussia become a high-risk area?
Vyshinsky replied in a serious manner: "Yes, according to our assessment report, there is a potential risk of war in your country, and of course, if your country can guarantee that the end-users of the arms purchased are only the East Prussian Wehrmacht, and not the unidentified forces in the Palestinian areas, the Soviet Union can consider it." ”
Root. The corners of Gurion's mouth twitched, and the end-user proved that this was not a stuck neck? Who doesn't know that he is not in a hurry to purchase arms at this time to arm the Jewish militia in Palestine, and the purchased arms cannot be used by them, so why spend this unjust money?
Anyway, at that time Ben. Gurion was a little powerless to vomit, and what was worse was that he couldn't turn his face yet, because he knew very well that the attitude of the Soviet Union was too important for the Jews now. What's more, there is no need to rush to purchase arms from the Soviet Union just by arming the Palestinian Jewish militia, East Prussia has not been without a military industry in recent years, and it may be almost impossible to build planes, tanks, and warships, but there is still no problem with ordinary light infantry equipment. At this time, the order he threw to the Soviet Union was more of a gesture of goodwill to the Soviet Union, for example, a large number of weapons and equipment on this high-priced purchase order were actually made in Germany, and to put it bluntly, the Jews spent a high price to buy the spoils of war from the Soviet Union, which was tantamount to making the Soviet Union make money for nothing.
Can now make Ben. Gurion was angry that the Russians had not made enough money for nothing, and they had set up obstacles out of thin air. This is eating dates for nothing, and it's too big! Anyway, at that time, Ben. Gurion's face was not good, and he had the intention of immediately blacking out the Russians and brushing them away. It's just that this man's reason eventually prevailed, and his move was simple, but it is certain that the Jews in Palestine will definitely suffer, and even East Prussia will be worn by the Soviet Union in the future, the price is too high, and the Jews really can't afford it.
So Ben. Gurion could only endure, and his patience was all seen by Vyshinsky. Vyshinsky is also an old fritter on the diplomatic front, how can he not see that Ben. Gurion's intention, how could he not know that the contract of 10 million dollars was given for nothing. But he came to receive Ben. Li Xiaofeng was particularly explained during the time of Gurion: "No matter what conditions the Jews put forward, you will drag me down. The magistrate nodded, not to give the Jews any good looks. ”
Naturally, Vyshinsky unconditionally carried out this order, and this made it difficult for Ben. Gurion, he was begging his father to worship his grandmother with a shy face, but the Russians just didn't give him the letter, and even some old friends smiled bitterly when they saw him come to the door, and told him directly: "Brother, you better not come, it's useless to come." It's not that we don't give you face, but the top has ordered it, even if we hang you, we can't do anything about it! ”
This is what makes Ben. Gurion settled down a little, and the top was nothing more than the highest level of the Soviet Union, the Soviet government. The decision to hang him out is not good news, but it's not entirely bad news either. There are several possibilities for this, and it is possible that the highest level of the Soviet Union has not yet formed a unified decision on the Jewish question, and it is still being discussed, so it is impossible to give the Jews any answer for the time being, so they can only make him wait. If this is the case, Ben. Gurion should pay attention, because it means that in the end, it may be a good result or a bad result, and it is better for him to hurry up and move around to make more points. Of course, there is also another possibility, that is, the Soviet government. In fact, the ruling situation had already made a decision, but he was deliberately hung out of consideration for safeguarding the international interests of the Soviet Union, and to put it bluntly, he was ready to sell the support of the Soviet Union at a sufficiently high price. If this is the case, Ben. Gurion could rest easy, because it meant that the Soviet Union was still on the side of the Jews, and with the support of the Soviet Union, not to mention that he was not afraid of the British at all, but at least he hoped to become greater.
But which one is possible, Ben. Gurion couldn't be sure, because the current political atmosphere in the Soviet Union was too weird. The National Congress of Party members was convened, and Trotsky addressed the Party members and cadres of the whole country for the last time, encouraging them to make persistent efforts to recover from the wounds of war, to restore production and develop the economy as soon as possible.
If that were all there was, the speech would have been so meaningful, but how could Trotsky have fired a cannon at the last congress of his career? What Trotsky really wanted to say was later: "Judging by the present international situation, the proletariat. Grade the same asset tier. The class will coexist and struggle for a long time and the world proletariat. The most urgent task facing us is to oppose imperialist enslavement...... It is foreseeable that vigorous national liberation movements will break out in Asia, Africa and Latin America, and here will be the proletariat. Grade the same asset tier. The first front of the struggle. Such an international situation determines that the fundamental tasks of the Soviet Union in the future are: First, to develop the productive forces, comprehensively industrialize, and strive to catch up with the United States as soon as possible. Second, support the Asian, African, and Latin American levels. Brothers of the class carried out the liberation struggle. Both tasks are equally important and cannot be biased in the slightest...... I believe that as the Soviet Union became stronger and stronger, the world proletarian. The emancipation movement will also become more and more successful when the vast majority of the proletariat. After the liberation of the level, it will be easier for us to move towards the communion. The happy life of prostitution. ”
Of course, this is not exactly the point of Trotsky's speech, this is only an outline, and then Trotsky explained in detail: "Order. The struggle of the ranks cannot be relaxed, and perhaps some of our comrades feel that the one-sided emphasis on the ranks. The struggle will only create more enemies for the USSR in the international arena. This statement is irresponsible and has no order. There is no order in the level of struggle. The level of liberation, not the liberation of the proletarian class. Our party was dissolved directly. The central problem of the Bolsheviks was the emancipation of the world proletariat. level, not engage in rank. level struggle, what do we take to liberate the world proletariat. level, to persuade imperialism by surrendering and kneeling? Of course, the order. The level struggle cannot be lost does not mean that everything is in order. The level struggle as the core does not mean that we have to give up the development of a mind to engage in the ranks. level of struggle. Stairs. Blindly shouting slogans and blindly fighting hard against the enemy is undoubtedly the most stupid form of struggle. Self-development and growth. Brother, this is the fundamental way of struggle, grasp these two points, we will be invincible, we can continue to deal with the enemy for a long time. ”
Speaking of this, Trotsky paused for a moment and then said: "Development is the last word, but how to develop also requires method, and in the course of our country's development, we have accumulated a number of problems that need to be solved: bureaucracy, dogmatism, and corrupt hedonistic thinking, these three things are corroding our party, and if we do not defeat these three mountains, we will not be able to really develop and grow, and our foundation will rot, and I can even assert that in the future our greatest enemy will not be external imperialism, but these three major internal problems...... How to solve these problems? I think there is only one way to stick to the proletarian level. The level **** is perfected on the basis of the proletarian level. Levels of the people. Lord, fully mobilize the masses, let the eyes of the masses watch over us, serve as our mirrors......"
Trotsky's speeches were even more powerful than typhoons and earthquakes, and not all of them could accept them. Some people think that Lao Tuo is exaggerating and insisting on the order. The class struggle is the fundamental question, that what the proletarian class. Levels of the people. What the hell is the Lord? You're not suggesting that we Bolsheviks aren't enough people. Lord? This is a **** counter-revolutionary remark, you are going to turn the sky upside down!
Trotsky's speech did indeed make some of the old revolutionaries quite dissatisfied, believing that Trotsky was taking the last opportunity to criticize Sang and attack the existing political system. It is an out-and-out reactionary speech. Had it not been for the high enough status of Trotsky, I am afraid that some people would have shouted the slogan of defeating Trotsky and expelling the reactionaries.
For a moment, the atmosphere of this conference began to develop in a strange direction, and its effect was no less than that of the secret report made by Khrushchev in history. Let's put it this way, anyway, there are a large number of old revolutionaries who are very unpleasant to look at.
And this strange situation is in the election of a new term. The Central Committee then reached its climax in front of the new term. In the presence of the Central Committee, Trotsky once again proposed the political proposal. The report on the reform of the governance bureau proposes to change the original seven-person government. The government was reorganized into a larger government. governance bureau and proposed the establishment of a political . Standing Committee of the Governance Council.
This time Sverdlov broke out, and he had been preparing for more than half a year, that is, to be in politics. Mixed with sand on the governance situation, I didn't expect Trotsky to be even more ruthless than him, and he gave his plan a blow in one breath, and it was the original government that was bad. The framework of power in the governance situation was still preserved, and this was extremely unfavorable to Sverdlov, so naturally Sverdlov did not do it. Middle. The Central Committee revolves around politics. The reform of the governance situation has fallen into an even greater quarrel of words.
This weird politics. Naturally, the governance situation has also affected the present. Gurion, even if he wants to listen to the news and speak for his compatriots, but where do the bigwigs from top to bottom of the Soviet Union have the mood and energy to take care of him now, and they can't be busy with the debate!
The good thing is that it's here. When Gurion was most anxious, Lenin stood up, of course, not because the Mentor had said good things for the Jews, but because the Mentor had put an end to the controversy. In Lenin's writing. In the letter to the Central Committee, the Mentor highly praised Trotsky's judgment on the future mission of the Party. The level of struggle is based on the perfection of the proletarian class. Levels of the people. The Lord is especially important and meaningful. These two special things are very important, it can be said that Lenin's attitude is clear, and this also makes those who maliciously attack Trotsky have to shut up, even Lenin said that this is particularly important and meaningful, you dare to say that this is heresy, Nima, you don't even listen to the words of the teacher, you are a proper heresy and should be cremated at the stake!
Lenin not only praised Trotsky's report, but also considered it political. The method of reforming the situation is also in line with reality. Note that Lenin is speaking here in line with reality, not that Trotsky's approach is particularly good. Because in Lenin's view, politics. The reform of the governance situation is fundamentally a struggle for power, and it is a bullshit affair. If it weren't for the fact that he was the only one who could stand up and put an end to this matter and maintain the stability of the Soviet Union, the mentor would really not want to touch his hands.
Lenin's speech almost pronounced Sverdlov's defeat, and although he was very unwilling, this result could not be changed. And with Lenin's intervention, the congress was accelerated, and the new government. Governing the situation, a new policy. The Standing Committee of the Governance Bureau has appeared in full force, and Sverdlov may be very aggrieved in the next five years.
It's bad news for Sverdlov, but it's bad news for Ben, who is already going crazy about waiting. For Gurion, this was uncompromising good news, since the British had been able to barely sleep since the British announced that "keeping peace" in Palestine was in fact an extermination of Jewish militias, and now the Soviets were going to give him an explanation anyway...... (To be continued.) )