On September 17, 1909, the Manchu court officially issued an edict of abdication, which immediately shook the world.

"I Qin Feng Longyu Empress Dowager Yi: The cause of the Guangdong uprising, the north and the south responded, the nine summers were boiling, the lives were devastated, the business dropped out of the way, and the Shi Lu was in the wilderness. If the national system is indecided, the people's livelihood will be uneasy every day. Today, the people of the whole country are mostly inclined to the republican, and the people's desire is known. He forbears the honor of a surname, and the likes and dislikes of the people. It is to use the general trend of the appearance, the internal review of public opinion, and the special public right to rule the whole country, to comfort the heart of the sea and to hope for chaos, and to cooperate with the ancient saints of the world for the public. In the general period, the people were safe, the sea was peaceful, and the Manchu, Han, Mongolian, Hui and Tibetan ethnic groups were still united as the great China with territorial integrity. To give the emperor to retire and relax, enjoy the years, receive the good gifts of the people, and see the completion of Zhizhi, is it not Yiyi. Chin this. ”

The drafting of this abdication edict, Xu Shichang was originally going to write it to Long Qian, who was going to form a republican government. But Zaifeng resolutely opposed it and had no choice but to give up. In addition, the words "long received the best gifts of the people" were specifically mentioned, which was regarded as the most popular treatment for the Manchu court.

How to treat it will have to be confirmed by the future rulers. People are swordsmen, I am fish and meat, and the Manchu nobles are just pinning a little hope. For example, the expenses of the royal family, such as the place of residence, Longyu still wants to occupy the palace, at least give the Summer Palace to the royal family. But these requirements cannot be written on the edict, so they can only wait for Wang Shizhen to ask Long Qian for it. However, Xu and Duan confirmed that although the Lushan army occupied the Beijing division, it did not enter the palace and sent troops to protect it closely, which finally gave some comfort to the Manchu nobles who were outcast.

But the next day, a telegram from the southeast shocked the people of the world again.

Sun Wen was inaugurated as the provisional president of the Republic of China in Shanghai. A telegram from Shanghai stated, "The abdication of the Manchu dynasty was in accordance with the will of the people. The Provisional Government of the Republic of China deeply welcomes it. In order to quickly end the civil war, it was proposed that all parties and factions in the country immediately send representatives to Shanghai to discuss the great cause of the founding of the country. ”

As soon as Sun Wen's telegram came out, it immediately triggered a violent reaction from various factions in the country. Song Jiaoren and Tan Renfeng, who were worried about the situation in Wuchang because of the breakdown of peace talks with the Mengshan Army, were very dissatisfied, what is this called? The Mengshan army has been set in the north, the Beijing division has been down, and the south also has the advantage, at this time the Republic of China will be established, and Long Qian will recognize it? Isn't this a self-initiating war?

Tan Renfeng said bluntly, "This is a planless move!" Long Qian stopped his troops in Hunan and did not move. He also sent people to Wuchang to discuss. It's already a salute before a soldier. Shanghai's move will have irreparable consequences! ”

The Beiyang generals who stayed in the territory of Zhili were a little gloating. I would like to see how the Mengshan Army will respond to the sudden situation. Sun Wen's move was tantamount to being the harshest general against Long Qian, and forced the Mengshan army into a corner. The Qing Dynasty had just issued an abdication edict here, and the provisional government of the Republic of China had been announced. How could the Mengshan army give up?

The eyes of the whole country and the world circles immediately turned to Shanghai. At the same time, we are closely watching Changsha's reaction. Everyone waited for Meng Shanjun to make a statement. I want to know what kind of attitude the Mengshan Army has.

The headquarters of the Mengshan Army and the Shandong and Northern armies have been silent.

On 19 September, the troops of the Southern Army, which had arrived south of Puqi and Xianning to rest and be on standby, began to move north, which was an unmistakable signal. The Mengshan army ignored Sun Wen, they were determined to pacify the whole country by force!

Sure enough, on September 20, the headquarters of the Mengshan Army sent a telegram not recognizing the provisional government of the Republic of China and Sun Wen's provisional president.

"Since the establishment of the Mengshan Army, it has been lying on the salary for more than ten years, reorganizing the army and fighting the military, with the revival of China as the highest goal. Under this goal, our army is willing to unite all parties and factions in the country to establish a republican government through consultation, start to formulate a provisional constitution, and organize the establishment of a central government, so as to unite our 40,000,000 compatriots and work hard for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Since the 'survey telegram' was issued, the Mengshan Army fought bloody battles in the north and south, causing the Qing court to abdicate and end the feudal regime that had ruled China for thousands of years. The dawn of democracy and republic has begun in our country, and it is thanks to the application of the Mengshan Army to fight. The success of Wuchang's uprising was actually a logical move by our southern army under the military pressure of the Qing army. In order to show our army's sincerity in uniting all factions, our southern army stopped moving north and sent personnel to contact the Wuchang military government to resolve the military issue through consultations. The establishment of a national government by a certain political faction in China without consulting our army with the aim of stealing the fruits of the Mengshan Army's struggle is a great insult to the tens of thousands of soldiers who sacrificed their lives in the Mengshan Battle! In this regard, hundreds of thousands of soldiers of the Mengshan Army were extremely indignant! Today, the whole country is telegraphed, and it is ordered that from now on, the puppet provisional government of the Republic of China will be abolished! Otherwise, the Mengshan Army will march to the southeast to achieve the true reunification of the whole country. ”

The electrification of the Mengshan Army once again caused an uproar in domestic public opinion.

The next day, Duan Qirui, Feng Guozhang, Cao Kun and other Beiyang generals sent a telegram in support of the Mengshan Army's negotiation of the founding of the country, officially indicating Beiyang's attitude.

On the same day, the Provisional Government of the Republic of China issued a telegram refuting the telegram sent by the Mengshan Army on the 20th, stating that such a situation in China was the result of more than ten years of struggle by the League. Long Qian stole the fruits of the revolution, was shameless, and was unworthy of leading the whole country. Call on the military and people of the whole country to stand on the side of the provisional government of the Republic of China, denounce and resist the military threat of the Mengshan Army, "might can never triumph over justice!" Sun Wen firmly believes that justice will triumph over evil, long live the Republic of China! The telegram, signed by Sun Wen, ended with a chanting slogan.

Now, the domestic conflict has turned between the Mengshan Army and the Alliance.

Let's start with the August 10 Tokyo Conference, which led to the split of the League. After the meeting, Tao Chengzhang, Song Jiaoren, Tan Renfeng and others returned to China one after another, and each chose their own goals to do it. Sun Wen remained in Tokyo, planning to establish the Chinese Revolutionary Party.

1909 was an extremely unfavorable year for Sun Wen. The armed uprisings instigated by the League failed one after another, especially the loss of Liangguang, the base where Sun Wen pinned his greatest hopes, and the strength of the country was completely lost, and the Japanese people such as Shantou Man, who had always supported Sun Wen's seizure of power at home, also began to become disappointed, believing that the situation in China was gradually becoming clearer, and that in the future, either Long or Yuan, would never be surnamed Sun. In contrast, the Japanese prefer to choose Yuan over Long, because Long Qian's anti-Japanese sentiment is much stronger than Yuan Shikai's, and if the Longqian clique, which shows increasingly strong German and American colors, comes to power. Japan's China policy will be much more difficult, and it will suffer heavy losses in its profits and benefits in China. But under the current circumstances, the Japanese are not willing to completely stand on Yuan Shikai's side to expel Sun Wen, because after all, Sun Wen has a strong influence in the country, and Sun Wen's card has not completely faded, and he can play another dozen, and it is still useful to the Japanese.

On the one hand, the indifference of the Japanese was one thing, but what made Sun Wen even more annoyed was that the opposition within the party was getting louder and louder, especially the separation trend between the Guangfu Hui represented by Tao Chengzhang and the Yuan Huaxing Hui represented by Tan and Song became more and more obvious. The August 10 meeting was confirmed that the League was in fact divided.

Sun Wen was of course in pain. But with his resolute personality, he has some strength to become more and more frustrated. Think twice. Sun Wen's countermeasure was to reorganize the organization and establish the Chinese Revolutionary Party.

There are some feudal things in the manifesto for the founding of the New Party, which he personally revised, "This time the measures must be to get to the root of the problem: 1. Suppress the bureaucracy. 2. Eliminate fake revolutionary parties. In order to achieve the effect of complete unification. It is not like in the first revolutionary era, when different parties entered the base and confusing the real with the false.

For this. Sun Wen's newly founded Chinese Revolutionary Party required party members to follow their fingerprints, take an oath, and be willing to obey Sun Wen's personal command.

Sun Wen also put forward the theory of three periods for the founding of the People's Republic of China, as well as three stages of military administration, discipline administration, and constitutional government. In the military and political stage, the foundation of the Republic of China was laid by actively removing all obstacles by force, and in the stage of training and administration, the people were supervised to build local autonomy through civilized legal principles, and only after the autonomy was completed did the constitution be created and entered the constitutional era. Sun Wen believed that the day the constitution was promulgated was the time when the revolution was successful. Before that, it was called the revolutionary period.

Sun Wen clearly emphasized that before the constitutionalism is completed, the party will be fully responsible for all military and state affairs. He also whimsically divided party members into three classes, clarifying their different rights. The members who joined the Party before the uprising of the revolutionary army were the first righteous party members, and they were called fathers and citizens during the revolutionary period, and enjoyed all the priority rights to participate in politics and govern. Those who joined the Party after the uprising of the revolutionary army were those who assisted the Party members, who were called meritorious citizens during the revolution, and had the right to vote and be elected. After the establishment of the revolutionary government, those who joined the party were ordinary party members, called advanced citizens, who only enjoyed the right to vote.

For the vast number of non-Party members, they are not allowed to have citizenship during the so-called revolutionary period.

The domestic situation was in full swing, and Sun Wen buried himself in his apartment in Tokyo to formulate his revolutionary program. Finally, the news of the recovery came from Shanghai, and Chen Qimei, a diehard loyalist, succeeded in one fell swoop. Moreover, Wuchang's uprising was successful, and Tan and Song did it in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River! Immediately afterwards, Jiangsu announced its liberation, and Cheng Dequan, the governor of Jiangsu, who had a strong sense of democratic revolution, conformed to the will of the people and contributed to Jiangsu's dissenting banner. In this way, all the rich areas in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River were controlled by the revolutionary party.

Now Sun Ziwen can't sit still! He hurriedly found Huang Xing, who had been supporting him with humiliation and burden, and put forward a proposal to return to China to preside over the overall situation. It just so happened that Chen Qimei also sent someone to ask him to return to Shanghai as soon as possible.

Sun Wen, who had a strong desire for power, immediately returned to China with Huang Xing. As soon as I arrived in Shanghai, I was greeted by a fiery atmosphere that I could not feel at all in Japan. It was an atmosphere of great changes in the world, which even ordinary people could feel, let alone politicians in the midst of it? Sun Wen was extremely excited, and immediately took over the supreme command with the strong support of Chen Qimei. He had to do two things, one was to send Huang Xing to Wuchang, form the Wuchang Military Government, serve as the generalissimo of the military government, control the complex rebel army, and resolutely fight Long Qian's Northern Expeditionary Army to the end, and never let it occupy Wuchang, an important industrial city and a north-south transportation hub! The second thing is to seize the establishment of the Provisional Central Committee of the Republic of China and occupy the height of morality to command the world!

So, on September 3, Sun Wen summoned the revolutionary leaders of Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu to Shanghai to study how to deal with the current situation. Although Shanghai is under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu, the fact is already self-contained, so this meeting is also called the tripartite meeting.

At the meeting, Sun Wen, who presided over the meeting, put forward his own program, that is, the two major propositions of building the party, building the army, and building the country.

Sun Wen said: The blood of countless martyrs has long since set up the revolutionary situation that is very good today. The surging independence movements in the provinces proved that the League would establish a Republic of China, that the idea of expelling the Tartars had been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, that the Manchu Qing Dynasty was finished, and that the Beiyang Army was also finished, and that we must act as soon as possible to immediately establish regular units of the Revolutionary Army with the revolutionary armed forces in the three places to defend the achievements of the revolution, and immediately establish the Provisional Government of the Republic of China to command the world. The two are mutually exclusive, and without the general call of righteousness, it is difficult to build an army and raise funds; Without an army loyal to the revolution, the revolution would not succeed. So, these two things have to be done together. I have an unshirkable responsibility for the founding of the country. The matter of building an army must be based on Lao Keqiang. For the sake of today's plan, we must firmly grasp the revolutionary armed force of the Wuchang Righteous Army, and we must not sit idly by and watch it be wiped out or surrendered by the Mengshan Army. On the other hand, the three places should pay close attention to the establishment of the Republic of China army, and the matter was handed over to Chen Qimei, Chen Jiongming, Xu Chongzhi, and Li Liejun, so that Chen Qimei would take care of the matter.

Chen Qimei's name Ince, because of the success of the Shanghai Uprising, became the first hero in Sun Wen's eyes. Although representatives from Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and even Guangdong were invited to the meeting, they clearly attributed the leading power to their own descendants.

As for the founding of the party. Sun Wen believes that the League has fulfilled its historical mission. Moreover, the struggles of recent years have proved that the League lacks strict organizational discipline (which is true) and is unable to shoulder the heavy responsibility of leading the whole country to the completion of the revolution. Therefore. It is imperative to reorganize the League and form a new party. The principles of party building. Loyalty to leaders must be strengthened. This is the most crucial condition for the success of the revolution. This matter was handed over to Hu Hanmin and Wang Zhaoming.

Huang Xing, who was also excited about the great changes in the country, did not care about the founding of the party and the founding of the country, and he was the de facto second-in-command of the League. The energy is always on the military. Huang Xing asked Sun Wen, what should Mengshan Jun do? What is our policy towards them?

Sun Wen firmly said that Long Qian was an enemy of the League, and they, like the Manchus, were a stumbling block to the success of the revolution! Of course, if Long Qian repents and agrees to join the government of the Republic of China, and his ministry accepts my leadership, the past can be blameless. Long Qian has made meritorious contributions to opposing the Qing Dynasty, and he may not be able to be resettled in the central government.

Huang Xing does not seem to approve of being an enemy of the Mengshan army. Although his military attainments are limited, they are much stronger than Sun Wen! Huang Xing calmly pointed out that it was not the Alliance that caused the current situation, but the Mengshan Army! With more than 10,000 Wuchang rebels, it was difficult to resist Long Qian's Northern Expedition. For the sake of today's plan, it is the correct proposition to hold peace talks with Long Qian and jointly build the country. If it is an enemy of the Mengshan army, I am afraid that there will be more evil and less luck.

"Brother Keqiang! How can you frustrate your own spirit and grow the enemy's prestige? Wang Zhaoming, who was present at the meeting, retorted loudly, "Long Qian just took advantage of the loopholes of my alliance." The prestige of the prime minister is in the United States, and now that the prime minister is presiding over the overall situation, everyone at home and abroad hopes that the wind will return to the wind. The uprisings of the New Army in the Eighth and Ninth Towns are proof of this. As long as our side occupies the height of righteousness, the Mengshan army is not a problem. ”

"It's easy to say!" Tao Chengzhang attended the meeting and immediately objected to Wang Zhaoming's words, "The Mengshan Army is not only this unit in Guangdong and Hunan, but also has heavy troops in Shandong and outside the Guan!" Since Shandong soldiers can defeat Beiyang, how can their strength be underestimated? The soldiers outside the pass have broken through the pass, and the Beijing division can be sent down every day, why should they accept the leadership of Shanghai? I think you're a fool! ”

Tao Chengzhang had received a handwritten letter from Qiu Jin, who was ordered by Long Qian to convey to him Long Qian's respect for him and expounded the basic program of the Mengshan Army for the establishment of the country through consultation. Qiu Jin naturally did not say much about his own opinions, thinking that the Mengshan Army was already a powerful force that was difficult to resist, and Long Qian had the brains, means, and bearing, which was completely worthy of our support. Qiu Jin's letter made it clear that Long Qian welcomed Tao Chengzhang and the Zhejiang Revolutionary Party to join the coalition government dominated by the Mengshan Army.

Although Tao Chengzhang is arrogant, he is not ignorant, he thinks that Long Qian's attitude is good, at least he doesn't think about eating alone, thinking about making a clean up, which is good. Originally, Tao was a local leader, and he never thought that he would ascend to the "Great Treasure", and the Mengshan Army still expressed its willingness to form a coalition government under the coercion of the overwhelming army, which is very good.

Without waiting for Wang Zhaoming to refute, Tao Chengzhang stood up and said, "The great cause of opposing the Qing Dynasty has been accomplished, my Tao people's hard work over the years has not been in vain, the blood of Xu Xilin and other comrades has not been shed in vain, Zhejiang is unwilling to be the enemy of the Mengshan Army, I agree with Huang Keqiang's opinion, and we should immediately negotiate with Long Qian to discuss the great cause of building the country." If Mr. Sun insists on destroying the Mengshan army by force, I will not be able to comply. ”

Sun Wen, who was poured a scoop of cold water on his head, was furious, "You can go if you want, the revolution does not lack you." ”

In the end, the Shanghai meeting broke up. Although Sun Wen's proposal was forcibly approved, Huang Xing, out of his consistent attitude of maintaining the unity of the League and Sun Wen's position as the leader, reluctantly accepted the errand of going to Wuchang to command the Wuchang war, but he was extremely depressed. He also wanted to leave Shanghai, leaving Sun Wen's Cantonese people, and going to the front line may not be a good thing. In contrast, Song Jiaoren and others seem to have more of a common language.

Sun Wen realized that Wuchang was the pivot of today's situation. The whip in the north is beyond the reach of the whip, but the man is the place where he wrestles with Long Qian, so before Huang Xing left for Wuchang, Sun Wen had a heart-to-heart talk with him, and urged Huang Xing to dispel the idea of peace talks with the Mengshan army. It takes time to turn the tide and it takes a win to turn it around. I will seize the time to organize the government and army in the southeast, and you must block Long Qian in the south of Wuchang. If Wuchang is lost, no matter what way, it will inevitably lead to a great change in the hearts of the people in the southeast, and the government of the Republic of China will become suspicious. Therefore, it is necessary to have the basic attitude of confronting the Mengshan Army militarily, so that the people of the world can see the strength of the government of the Republic of China. Blindly retreating from peace talks is in fact surrender, and how many of our comrades have been slaughtered by Long Qian since 1906? How can we trust Him to tolerate us? Without the army, all of us would die without a place to be buried!

These words moved Huang Xing.

With the assistance of Hu Hanmin, Wang Zhaoming, Chen Qimei, and others, Sun Wen held meetings all day long to discuss the great cause of building the country, the army, and the party. Immediately came the news that the Beijing division was occupied by the Northern Army of the Mengshan Army and that the Qing court had fled to Baoding, Sun Wen felt that time was urgent, and urged Huang Xing to go to Wuchang to preside over the overall situation for several days, and Huang Xing left Shanghai on September 9 and boarded the river ship to Wuchang. On the same day, Tao Chengzhang, who had not yet returned to Hangzhou due to illness, was assassinated by an unknown murderer in a church hospital in Shanghai, and was shot four times in the body, killing him instantly. The murderer fled. Chen Qimei, who was in charge of Shanghai's government affairs, personally commanded the arrest of the culprit, but to no avail. announced that it was the remnants of the Manchu Qing Dynasty who did it, and vowed to catch the murderer and avenge Tao Chengzhang.

Because Tao Shisu and Sun Wen are not on good terms, and they have a lot of dirty affairs with Chen Qimei, the world is suspicious that Sun and Chen did it, and Chen Qimei is the most suspicious. Because of the recovery of Shanghai, the military and police forces have basically been controlled by the Chen family, and he is the most qualified to do this. According to the confession of the nurse who witnessed the murder at the hospital, the murderers were two people with a Zhejiang accent, and one of them was emaciated and clear. The listener thought that the appearance resembled Chen Qimei's brother Jiang Zhiqing. But this matter is just a rumor, the murderer has fled, and the case is hanging. However, Tao Chengzhang's death in Shanghai did not achieve close cooperation between Zhejiang and the so-called provisional government, but further led to the separation of Zhejiang's power and the alliance.

When the Manchu Qing Dynasty officially issued an edict of abdication, Sun Wen thought that the time had come, and immediately telegraphed the establishment of the provisional government of the Republic of China and served as the provisional president. The first "presidential decree" issued was to appoint Huang Xing as the generalissimo of the Wuchang Military Government, with full responsibility for the military administration of Wuchang.

Once again, the situation in the country has changed. (To be continued......)

PS: The end of the month has arrived, please vote for this book with the monthly ticket in your hand. Thank you!