"The people in the village office are considered civil servants, right?" Han Lang had already begun to calculate something on paper with a pen.

Mo Ning said: "The staff of the village office, part-time archivists, postmen, and mediating a bunch of small disputes, should be regarded as civil servants." Having said that, how about the township soldiers get the double allowance of the Ministry of Defense and the royal family? ”

"It is good to get special allowances according to their positions, and the Ministry of the Interior will pay the salaries of those who manage the peasant associations, the Ministry of Defense will eat those who manage the militia, and the royal family will be those who are in charge of moral education. Those who do not have a position shall receive the subsidy of the Ministry of Defense as they are. Han Lang said.

Zhang Zhigao shook his head: "The peasant association should be a service joint organization on the basis of peasant households' voluntary autonomy, and there should be no problem in running it according to the board of directors and councils of townships and towns, and the agricultural association with the goal of establishing enterprise entities can also continue to be promoted." Wouldn't letting those soldiers in the township monopolize everything create a new local power group? ”

Minister of Culture and Education Luo Sulan also came to help her husband: "I agree with Zhigao's opinion, and I also admit that the quality of the soldiers in the townships is high, and the government can let them initiate and organize peasant associations, but there is no reason not to follow the method of the town board of directors, at most to use the national credit as a guarantee to borrow start-up funds and raise funds." If tasks are assigned, as was the case with the Great Leap Forward, it will be meaningless to force membership in various places. ”

Mo Ning plucked a mare's milk grape from the jasper bowl on the table, stuffed it into his mouth, and swallowed it.

"My intention is to mobilize and control the grassroots units and promote the modernization of the rural areas with the township soldiers as the core. As for the local power groups, they are also local power groups under the control of the central government, which can cope with the trend of rising localism after the autonomy of counties and prefectures. Regardless of whether you are self-government, county government, or government government, the central government can maintain control over the grassroots level through the military associations at all levels in the township. ”

The three generals, Yang Zhengjin, Liu Bailiang, and Wang Zhi, all showed expressions of appreciation, and it is no wonder that the previous Wen Yi and Zhang Zhigao would never have put forward this idea - they were worried that it was too late for "military personnel to interfere in politics", so how could they let veterans control the countryside?

Mo Ning took advantage of the victory to advance: "After the organization of the peasant association is perfected, it can also develop into the holding company group of the peasant association, carry out complete commercial operation, and gradually develop into an agricultural group company with direct connection between the province, the government and the county. ”

"Isn't this the direction in which agricultural cooperatives are headed?" Zhang Zhigao interjected.

"No, it's not possible to do it as a natural village as it is now. What I mean by this is the complete abolition of villages, the resolute elimination of small groups of one village, one family, and the establishment of peasant associations based on peasant households growing the same crop in a large area. As I just said, the people in a natural village, who grow fruit trees, grow grain, and grow cotton, are all divided into different peasant associations, completely breaking up the situation of living together and raising the same clan in the village, so that the clan power may be gradually torn apart by economic ties! Breaking the feudal clan rights is the key to rural modernization, and this cannot be done by either land reform or agricultural cooperatives. ”

However, what Zhigao and Su Lan said just now also makes sense, the peasant association should indeed be conducted in accordance with the method of the town board meeting, and it should also be carried out on a voluntary basis, but the state should also make obvious gestures to encourage development, such as giving incentives to founders, giving government guarantees for the loan of start-up funds, and so on. However, since the directors or members of the peasant associations undertake the task of controlling the rural economy on behalf of the central government, it is reasonable for the central government to pay salaries or allowances to compensate them. At least in the early stage of encouraging the development of peasant associations, it can be piloted in some places, and if it is not appropriate, it can be corrected. ”

Mo Ning's words not only skillfully took care of Zhang Luo's face, but also explained his own proposition in depth, and also left a very wide margin for implementation, this time Zhang Zhigao and his wife had to accept it, and nodded in agreement.

"When it comes to clan power, it's not something that can be torn apart by economic ties alone." Wang Zhi said that he should have a deep understanding of this as a person from a rural background.

Mo Ning responded confidently: "There will definitely be resistance at the beginning, so it is necessary to use the moral education and spiritual mobilization of the imperial family as a supplement, and use the imperial power to suppress the clan power, or in other words, use the emperor's prestige and influence to accelerate the disintegration of the clan power." Needless to say, the peasants who have been allocated the land of the imperial village and the imperial family, so that at least thirty percent of the peasants in the country are hardcore supporters of the imperial family, coupled with the traditional people's natural reverence for the emperor, the spiritual effect of reviving the Han family, and the various acts of the imperial family since our emperor ascended the throne, the prestige and influence of the imperial family cannot be doubted. ”

"The squires of Huangzhuang were basically swept away, and most of the squires in other places were forced into the towns by the land reform, they were the core of the power of the feudal clans, and after the township soldiers filled the gap in the rural power after they left, they could curb the resurrection of the clan power to the greatest extent and further tear it apart."

Zhang Zhigao said worriedly: "However, there will be sequelae, the peasant associations themselves will swell and gradually organize, if the local areas still do not achieve a certain degree of industrialization and mechanization after 20 years, I am afraid that the soldiers in the townships who control the peasant associations will become fascist soil ......."

Mo Ning coped with it freely: "The soldiers in the township only play a role in promoting the popularization of the peasant unions, and after the pioneering period, if the method of the town board of directors is strictly followed, there should be no such thing as 'the soldiers in the township control the peasant associations'. Even if on the surface, the township soldiers will account for the majority of the board of directors, it is only because they are pioneers or more active participants than others and have an advantage in the election of the shareholders' meeting, the key is the system, if the shareholders want, they can also elect others as directors, right? ”

It's just a spear that hits the other with his shield, Zhang Zhigao has nothing to say.

An imperceptible look of smugness floated on Mo Ning's face - you Zhang Zhigao is nothing more than that.

The Prime Minister continued to control the proceedings of the meeting: "In this way, the topic can turn to education. ”

"As I said earlier, most of the landlords and gentry have disappeared from the countryside, and the functions they originally played, in addition to the township soldiers' unions, peasant associations, and township offices, should also be replaced by a six-year compulsory education system that goes deep into the countryside."

"We should open primary schools with six-year compulsory education to all villages, as it should be." Wang Zhi said.

Han Lang went straight to the topic: "How to share the cost of the school?". ”

Mo Ning first asked the questioner's opinion: "What does Old Han think?" ”

"Of course, it is co-organized by the central and local governments," Han Lang agreed very simply. "The local government applies for the start-up funds, materials and teachers to be distributed by the central government, and the school maintenance fee is levied and assessed by the local government, while continuing to reward the development of private schools."

"If the school maintenance fee is distributed locally, I am afraid it will be difficult to guarantee it, because the level of economic development in different places is different, and the economy is volatile, and how to collect the apportionment fee is also a problem." Ms. Russell said that in the areas she is most familiar with, her remarks should not be taken lightly.

Han Lang was not dead-headed, and quickly turned what he said just now: "Then the other way around?" The state pays for the salaries of personnel and subsidies for lunches and school uniforms, and the county solves the problem of houses? ”

Luo Sulan thought for a while: "In this way, the start-up funds and materials, the central government will start small, such as tables, chairs, blackboards, maps and other facilities that are difficult to raise in places; The place starts with the majority, that is, the house and the land, and the labor. As for the teachers, staff salaries, student lunches and school uniforms are covered by the central government. ”

"By the way, there are also books and stationery, which are also packed by the central government, but the books have to be used from generation to generation, and students who want to collect textbooks can buy them by themselves, or simply copy them down."

Luo Sulan looked around the crowd inquiringly, and most of them said that they had no objections, only Wang Zhi narrowed his eagle-like eyes, and said slowly with a sense of vicissitudes: "From personal experience, I hope to even have breakfast." Because many places actually only eat two meals a day, in many cases in our time and space, the lunch package has caused students to eat only one lunch at all. ”

Han Lang put down his pen suddenly: "The cost is too terrifying, the central government has a big package, suicidal hemorrhage, and the total expenditure so far just now is enough to repair a small Western palace every year, and I have the hope of requisitioning public grain for free......"

"If you kill them, you will have to scrape the ground before the land is divided......" Zhang Zhigao said with a smile.

Han Lang shook his giraffe-like slender neck: "Divide the land and confiscate the money, let alone give their children food...... Otherwise, it will be requisitioned at half price, and the half will be converted into educational donations and forced labor. ”

"Suddenly increase taxes, I'm afraid there will be a big uprising below, my God of Wealth." Yang Zhengjin said.

"So how about breakfast and lunch being apportioned locally? The state pays for the salaries and school uniforms of the staff, anyway, the localities do not pay and the hungry are their children. Han Lang made another plan.

"The problem will become a self-possessed situation." Wang Zhi said.

"Reserved land?"

"When everyone refuses to pay public fees, the children go home to make up for food or take lunch boxes to school, and the children of poor families suffer and it is not conducive to balanced nutrition. In my opinion, it is still necessary for the government to formulate dietary standards according to local conditions, allocate funds according to capitation, and bid for supply in the market. This is the only way to avoid parents from poor families who need their children to work to support their families, resulting in poor students dropping out of school. "Wang Zhizhi cut the railway.

"Moreover, the school-run canteen can also allow students to do it by hand, and the senior students can cook on duty, saving the cost of hiring workers to cook, and can also cultivate a sense of discipline and fairness. In short, it is not only necessary to popularize six-year education, but also to leave children with a healthy foundation, and the body is the capital of learning. ”

Luo Sulan nodded, and shook her head again: "You can't expect to save money by relying on students to cook by hand, the cost of students' meals must be sufficient in advance, and it is better to save the surplus and recycle it and use it to issue scholarships." ”

Mourning turned around and reminded the stenographer behind him: "Have you written it all?" ”

After receiving a satisfactory answer, Mo Ning turned back with a pleasant expression and said: "Do you think that this six-year compulsory education should be added to the content of military training?" ”

"Forget about elementary school, just do a good job of basic physical education. It is enough to conduct military training before graduating from junior high school, and to add military classes to high school. The original purpose of general compulsory education was to provide a high-quality labor force for industrialization, to prepare manpower for industrial upgrading in five to 10 years, and to train qualified soldiers, based on primary school education, two or three months of intensive training was sufficient. Qualified non-commissioned officers need at least one and a half years, and officers need at least two years, and this reserve has to rely on the 12-year compulsory education popularized by the children of military personnel. Wang Zhi said

The 12-year compulsory education for military children mentioned by Wang Zhi is precisely the most important supplementary opinion of the military to the amendment to the compulsory education law.

After graduating from a local primary school, students with financial difficulties can go to the county's technical school to learn agricultural and industrial technology, and the technical school also has state subsidies and low or free tuition. All kinds of modern high-yield techniques in agriculture should be further promoted through technical schools. Russell Lan suggested.

"Junior high and elementary technical schools should be popularized at the township level, and high school and secondary technical schools should be popularized at the county level, and in addition, we should strive for colleges in each province and ......universities in all provinces," Luo Sulan envisioned.

Wang Zhi had another idea: "The agricultural technology schools in the countryside are not very practical, so it is better to popularize agricultural science stations at the village level, and agricultural science stations can be placed together with schools." Specialized industrial technology schools are now generally run by large industrial enterprises, teaching according to the needs of enterprises, and taking up posts after graduation, and small workshops in towns and cities are all accepting apprentices, and most of them are employed after completing their studies. In my opinion, there is no need for professional technical schools to be popularized in rural areas for the time being, and employment after completion is a big problem. ”

Luo Sulan thought about it carefully and nodded again and again: "The idea of bundling and popularizing agricultural science stations in primary schools of compulsory education is good, so let the agricultural science station also play the role of a rural library and a seed company, and get some demonstration fields next to the agricultural science station, and let the senior students take turns to take care of it, which can be regarded as an internship." In addition to selling improved seeds at affordable prices, the agricultural science station can also use the nearest school building to run night schools, eradicate adult illiteracy, and popularize advanced agricultural production methods......"

No one disputed this.

"Our six-year compulsory education, if done well, should be enough for the next generation in the countryside to have basic literacy, mathematical ability and most of the common sense of modern society, and it will not be easy to adapt to the city like Grandma Liu entering the Grand View Garden, entering the factory, technical school, etc., and if you have a foundation, you will have the opportunity to change your fate. If you are completely illiterate, you will be slaughtered......"

After a seemingly emotional sigh, Mo Ning slapped his thigh: "It is related to the improvement of the overall quality of the people and the future generations...... If the government allows, it will be extended to junior high school and the nine-year compulsory education will be universalized. Six years of compulsory education will be realized in six years, nine years of compulsory education in nine years, and 12 years of compulsory education for the children of volunteers and officers. What do you think? Is it achievable? ”

This time, everyone looked at Comrade Han Mazhu, the God of Wealth.

"Don't worry, forget it." Han Lang buried his head in his head, and the pen in his hand flew quickly.

After everyone drank tea for three minutes, Han Lang slowly raised his head.

"Tear down the palace and sell it, and the Old Summer Palace will also sell ......"

The crowd was speechless.

"The cultural relics of the Qing Palace are all auctioned, from the Qingming Shanghe map to the Kangxi royal private seal, they are all sold."

The crowd became more and more speechless.

After a long silence, Mo Ning put down the teacup that covered his face: "Old Han...... How much does it cost? ”

"According to what you said, including the cost of rural government reform, it will cost an average of about 1.5 billion Chinese dollars a year, which is equivalent to 168 million pounds of the current official price."

"So many ......"

Not only Mo Ning felt incredible, but everyone present understood what the figures reported by Han Lang meant.

Six years earlier, in 1902, the empire's revenues had been 773 million Chinese dollars, or 148.7 million pounds, and fiscal expenditures had been 757 million Chinese dollars, or 145.6 million pounds.

Last year, 1907, the fiscal revenue was only 1.8 billion Chinese dollars, or 198 million pounds.

What country would spend 85% of its fiscal revenue on education?

"Nonsense, you have to do one or two hundred years of work in less than ten years, it's strange if it's not expensive."

Luo Sulan lowered her head a little weakly: "Okay, not counting junior high school, I want to know how much it costs to popularize six-year compulsory education for 60 million school-age children of both sexes and 12 years of compulsory education for 2 million military children?" ”

The figure of 60 million mentioned by Luo Sulan is calculated based on the gradual popularization to each village within 12 years, that is, the total number of people in the total school-age group, which is calculated by adding it to the annual growth rate of 2.5 percent, and is also the basic data for the amendment to the compulsory education law.

"Wait."

Another three minutes.

"Spread over 12 years, it can be compressed to an average of 455 million Chinese dollars, which is 50 million pounds per year."

It's a number that is neither too frustrating nor cheerful.

The empire's total expenditure on education in 1907 was only 270 million Chinese dollars (equivalent to 30 million pounds), accounting for 15% of the total expenditure, and if you add this additional 455 million Chinese dollars, education expenditure will account for more than 40% of the total expenditure!

"Have you taken into account the previous school results? We're not starting from scratch, we've built a lot of schools in the past 14 years......."

"It's already deducted." Han Lang replied mercilessly.

Seeing that everyone's expressions were still uncomfortable, Han Lang put down his pen, poured a sip of tea, and explained seriously: "I calculated according to the standard that Su Lan originally mentioned to me. The school is calculated according to 200 students per school, the school building can not be adobe, let alone straw sheds, are large brick houses, each can accommodate 30 to 40 people, the conditions in the town can be built buildings, must be equipped with playgrounds, at least one basketball court, related sports equipment is readily available. Small villages can have a school in several villages, in short, it is distributed according to the population ratio, each school is similar in size, the facilities required are similar, the government can purchase in large quantities, reduce costs, and this aspect has also been deducted accordingly. Among them, there is also the popularization plan of the agricultural science station mentioned by Su Lan and Director Wang just now, which has also been carried out in 12 years, which accounts for half of the total cost. ”

"What's more, in fact, the 12-year universal plan for the military school has eaten 3 into 5 of the funds...... For the first notice, I am based on the description of Director Wang before. ”

"These 2 million people occupy so many resources......" Zhang Zhigao frowned dissatisfied.