"The sea of your territory? The sea of the territory? Territorial waters...... Well, that's a great idea! Fu Lin was thoughtful, and he actually said it in one sentence!

"Emperor Ama is wise! Sons obey the holy decree! It is the territorial waters of our Qing Dynasty! It is necessary for our Great Shimizu Master to come and go freely, and not to be touched by foreign sails! Hongyi was very excited, bowed his head and bowed! Haha, this young emperor, his inductive ability is really cute, he actually said the word "territorial waters" himself, you know, the emperor's words, that is the golden rule!

"Xuan Ye get up, when did I give the order?" Fulin was a little confused.

"Huang Ama, as soon as you opened Chrysostom just now, you decided that I would be the 'territorial waters' of the Qing Dynasty, doesn't it count?" Hongyi knelt there and didn't get up, sold cute, and then crawled to the queen mother's knees-

"Huang Ma Ma, my Emperor Ma has set the territorial waters, is there any reason not to count?"

"Okay, Xuan Ye, you get up first. Your emperor Ama is the emperor, naturally golden mouth and jade teeth, and the export is a chapter! Isn't it, Emperor? "The Queen Mother is too lazy to compete with her son and grandson over a single word.

"Huang Eniang, the sons and daughters naturally have to talk and count. It's just that this so-called 'territorial waters', what kind of charter can be counted! You also said that the vast sea, no mountains and no rivers, how to plan? "Fulin was a little difficult and asked a very jishu key question.

"That's right, Xuan Ye, don't mess around. The emperor is hard to chase after the emperor's words, and he has a 'territorial waters' that no one in the world knows why, can you bear to make your emperor Ama ugly? The Queen Mother began to feel sorry for her son again.

"Huang Ma Ma, this is easy to do. Erchen's idea has long been thought of for Huang Ama. It's not just that you didn't let you say it, so you didn't report it according to the truth. Hongyi was very happy and decided to talk to him.

"Oh, you've had an idea for a long time? Tell me about it? "Under the great temptation of capturing Emperor Yongli of the Southern Ming Dynasty, Fu Lin wishes to hear about it.

"Huh!"

"Slow, Su Ma, go get a stool, you can't let my grandson kneel here and talk for a long time." The Empress Dowager said to Su Mala, but she looked at the emperor and smiled at Xuan Ye again. This means: At the critical moment, it's still me, a grandmother, who feels sorry for my grandson, you little Xuanye, you have to remember!

"Yes, yes, my son was negligent. Aunt Su Ma, give the second son of the emperor a seat. Fu Lin was also embarrassed and hurriedly gave an order.

"Slave obeys!" It was only at this moment that Su Mala put a smoking heart back into his stomach, and brought a palace stool very happily.

"Xuanye Xie Huang Mama, Xie Huang Ama gave the seat!" Hongyi Ma slipped into his seat and began to plan the territorial waters of the Great Qing Kingdom:

"The Qing Dynasty is rich all over the world, and it is by no means confined to a piece of land. Today, I carry the emperor in the sky, sympathize with the heavens and hang the people, and engrave the four seas. Wherever my emperor's prestige reaches, those who are subdued can ensure that the wind and rain are smooth, and the country and the people are safe. Today, there is a vassal country from the east, worshipping the Son of Heaven, receiving enlightenment, and the luck of the country. However, the menstrual period has passed on the ocean for many years, and the danger is full of dangers, and the auspiciousness is unpredictable, which makes the emperor Bixia very worried. For this reason, the Qing Emperor had a far-sighted plan and ordered the Great Qingshui Division to patrol the four seas in order to prepare for the unexpected need and save the people from afar in the country. ”

Hongyi came up with a declaration of "international responsibility" first, and the two elders were very happy! Our Manchurian Jurchens, in Xiao Xuanye's mouth, have already become the protector of all nations in the world!

"Today's Qing Dynasty Emperor is not only the homeland of the people of the past dynasties, but also the waters where our fishermen have fished and Haijia have been doing business since ancient times. The Qing Dynasty Emperor has a coastal land, and the sea area within 20 seas outside the coast is the sea led by the Qing Dynasty since ancient times, and it is now called the 'territorial sea', and the 40 seas outside the territorial sea are even more said, and it is generally said that the Qing Dynasty belongs to the sea, and it belongs to the sea, and it is called the 'ocean'. Regardless of whether it belongs to the sea or the ocean, and there are islands in it, but where there are Qing soldiers and civilians on it, it is regarded as the land of the Qing Dynasty, and the surrounding 20 seas and 40 seas are all the territorial waters and seas of the Qing Dynasty. The island in the sea, where there are people, regardless of men and women, young and old, many or less, all set up a stone tablet on it, stating: on a certain year, a certain month, and a certain day, how many households are inhabited on a certain island, and how many households are ordered to move back, and how many households are left, headed by a certain person of a hundred chiefs, and guarded this island by the emperor's order, and will always be the territory of China, and the surrounding waters of the twenty seas will always be the territorial waters of the Qing Dynasty. The outer forty seas will always be the seas of the Qing Dynasty, and the clouds will be clouds. ”

Hongyi knew that at that time, in Europe, some people had just begun to define the so-called territorial sea from the perspective of international law, which was called territorialwaters in English, that is, the so-called "territorial waters". As for the width of the territorial waters, each has its own opinion. The 17th-century jurist J. Lossenius, in his Law of the Sea (1652), advocated that the width of the sea under national jurisdiction should be a "two-day voyage". What's more, in the 16th ~ 17th century, many European countries stipulated in the treaties and decrees that the sea area under national jurisdiction should reach the "horizon within the reach of Shili".

For this sentence "as far as the eye can see", Hongyi specially consulted the information and came to the conclusion that in the pure air, the human eye can see a little candlelight 27 kilometers away. You can see ships from 16~25 kilometers away from the sea. If you are on the top of a high mountain, your vision can expand to 320 kilometers. If you look up at the starry sky, you can see artificial satellites 1,000 kilometers away, and you can also see constellations that are tens to thousands of meters away. Therefore, at that time, the concept of territorial waters of some European countries was only within 30 kilometers at most.

In the 17th century, the Dutch international jurist H. Grotius argued: "If a man who sails on a part of the sea can be forced by a man on the shore, then that part of the sea belongs to that land." "In other words, the extent of the maritime area under national jurisdiction depends on its effective control. This principle evolved into the following criterion: the width of a State's territorial sea should be based on the range of the artillery. In 1703, another Dutch jurist, C. van Binkshoek, proposed that the place where the weapon liliang ended was the place where the power on land ended. At that time, the range of artillery was about one mile, that is, three nautical miles, so many people thought that the width of the coastal sea controlled by a country should be three nautical miles, and thus proposed the "three-nautical-mile rule". But the range of the artillery continued to expand, and the three-nautical-mile claim lost its theoretical basis. It can be seen that during the Shunzhi period, Europe, whether it was the opinions of scholars or the practice of various countries, was very inconsistent on the issue of the width of the territorial sea.

If the Great Qing State could issue an edict on this, and put forward the original concept of territorial waters, and even the earliest "exclusive economic zone", it would definitely be a first step, at least synchronized with Shijie!

"What is Haigen?" Fulin listened carefully and was very studious.

"Hui Huang Ama's words, the so-called sea watch, "Tianxia County Guoli Disease Book" [1] has a cloud: the watchman, each day and night is divided into ten watches, with the number of incense burned as the degree, people from the surface of the boat, the speed of the wind, the number of fixed changes, you can know the voyage to its mountains and oceans. According to this calculation, a sea watch is about sixty miles[2], which is 1,800 square feet. ”

Hongyi talked eloquently, thinking very complacently:

Shanghai is only 200 nautical miles, or 370.4 kilometers, from the Diaoyu Islands. The distance from Sanya, Hainan Island, the southernmost tip of Chinese mainland, to Zengmu Dark Sand, the southernmost tip of the South China Sea, is more than 2,000 kilometers. The territorial waters of the Qing Dynasty were set at 20 sea watches, which was calculated according to the standard weights and measures [3] during the Shunzhi period, that is, 691.2 kilometers. In this way, the territorial waters of the Qing Dynasty can cover the entire Yellow Sea and the East China Sea, reaching the mainland of Japan's island of Kyushu. At that time, the Ryukyu Kingdom was already a subject state of the Qing Dynasty, that is to say, the western Pacific Ocean waters of nearly 700 kilometers outside the easternmost so-called Kitato Island (Ryukyu translation, now part of the Daito Islands, which belong to the easternmost part of Okinawa) also belonged to the territorial waters of the Qing Dynasty! And just find two inhabited islands in the South China Sea, and you can include the entire South China Sea within the standard territorial waters!

Hongyi's self-righteous stealing joy, but he ignored a problem: the so-called "Book of Diseases of the World's Counties" that he cited as evidence had just been written at that time, and it may still be in the hands of the author!

"What is the Book of Diseases of the Heavenly Counties? Who is the author of the book? Sure enough, it was impossible for a wise emperor not to ask this question.

"Oh, the retainer was negligent. This book was written by Gu Yanwu. Hongyi replied simply, and had to temporarily put aside the calculation of the concept of territorial waters in his heart, and instead think about how to deal with the aphasia at this moment.

"Gu Yanwu? I know that this person is really a scholar who has learned well, but unfortunately he is not willing to enter the ranks. How did Xuan Ye know about him? Fu Lin chased after him, full of curiosity.

"Erchen told you the day before yesterday that the next old man was rescued in Luoma City, called Tan Qian. He and Gu Yanwu had some personal teachings, and they talked about the old man's ...... told his sons, "Hongyi can barely cope, and can only be concise and to the point, so as to prevent too many words from being lost."

"I see, haha, Xuan Ye is really 'no white ding'! haha！ Fulin smiled. Because, he didn't want to say the following, he had already agreed to Xuan Ye's request, and he wanted to let Tan move to the National Academy of History as the editor, otherwise there would be many twists and turns on the Queen Mother's side.

"Erchen thanked Huang Ama for his encouragement!" Hongyi understood, hurriedly agreed, and then continued to report:

"Within the territorial waters of the Qing Dynasty, only the Great Qingshui Division and the merchant ships of this dynasty are allowed to pass, and the ships of the vassal states are not allowed to enter without permission, and they must berth at one or several ports designated by the Celestial Empire for customs declaration, and only after obtaining customs clearance documents can they enter the territorial waters and go to other ports. Any warship carrying a crossbow is categorically forbidden to enter, otherwise it will be regarded as a provocation and an invasion and the beginning of a war.

The Qing Dynasty belongs to the sea, and although merchant ships from various countries can pass back and forth, they must obey the dispatch of the Great Qingshui Division and accept the boarding and inspection of the sailors at any time. Ships of all countries are also not allowed to trespass. If you want to dock at the port to replenish supplies, you must also go to a port to berth, allow it to supply supplies for three to five days, and then leave our sea area as soon as possible under the supervision of the Great Shimizu Division.

On the ocean, no matter the merchant ships and warships of all countries, let them be free. For my sailor, it is even more free to come and go as usual.

This arrangement is to pave the way for the Grand Shimizu Division to accompany and escort our royal maritime fleet in the future. ”

"Royal Maritime Merchant?" Fu Lin finally couldn't help it and seized the opportunity to interject.

"Yes. Erchen thought that the civil and military forces of the Manchu Dynasty in the Qing Dynasty were not as suitable as Zheng Zhilong, the king of An, to be the commander of the royal maritime merchant fleet. "Hongyi is full of confidence.

"Why him?" The Queen Mother also asked.

"Huang Mama, first, he was a merchant at sea in his early years, experienced and well-connected; Second, could it be impossible for Zheng Zhilong, Zheng Sen, and their father and son to remain entrenched in Fujian Province? Hongyi said, smiling weirdly......

"Good! In this way, you can kill more than one stone! Huang Eniang, can this matter be handled like this, please show the Queen Mother! Fulin was very satisfied, but he did not forget his wife.

"These vulgar things, your father and son, the monarch and the ministers discussed, don't use them to bother my old woman!" Bumu Butai was very satisfied with his son's modesty and sensibility, so he raised his profile by the way.

"In that case, the sons and daughters are in charge." Fu Lin bowed gently to the Queen Mother, and then said:

"Xuan Ye listens to the order!"

"Erchen is here!"

"I order you to work with the Ministry of War and the Ministry of Household to draft the edict immediately, and do as you say!"

"Sons obey the holy decree!"

……

In the light clouds and light wind, Hongyi has rewritten the history of China's oceans, and once again rewrote the history of Shijie!

[1] Tianxia Junguo Li Shu (Tianxia Junguo Li Shu Shu): a historical and geographical work that records the social, political, and economic conditions of various regions in China during the Ming Dynasty, 120 volumes. Written by Gu Yanwu at the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty. Since the twelfth year of Chongzhen (1639), Gu Yanwu began to collect historical books, records, chronicles, songs, and anthologies related to the national economy and people's livelihood, and made on-the-spot investigations on the mountains, rivers, fortresses, customs and customs contained therein, so as to correct the gains and losses. It was compiled into a book in the early years of Kangxi, and then it was continuously added and changed, and it was not finalized. The book first describes the general theory of the mountains and rivers of the land, and then describes the north and south of the country, and the thirteen political envoys. In addition to recording the history of the land, it is rich in information such as servitude, reclamation, water conservancy, and water transportation, which is an important historical book for the study of the social, political and economic affairs of the Ming Dynasty. The original manuscript was collected by the Qing Dynasty bibliophile Huang Pilie, divided into 34 volumes, of which the 14th volume was lost. Photocopies of the three editions of the "Four Serials" of the Commercial Press are now in circulation.

[2] During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, one mile = 576 meters. 1 more = 60 miles = 34,560 meters = 34.56 kilometers. Yili, which originally means length, is 500 meters. From ancient times to the present, the length of one mile has changed, one mile = 415.8 meters in the Zhou, Qin and Han dynasties, one mile = 576 meters in the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, and in 1929, one mile = 500 meters. In the 34th year of Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1908), when the weights and measures were redefined, it was clearly stipulated that the system was: "Five feet is one step, two steps are one zhang, ten zhang is one citation, and eighteen citations are one mile." In the "New System Strategy", it is pointed out: "There are two kinds of lengths: one is the scale, which is measured in rulers, so the length of the degree is also searched." One mile system, with 1,800 feet as a mile, is used to calculate the length of the road. The inner system is made of a ruler. The cover road is very long, if it is only measured by the ruler, it is a lot of inconvenience, so it must not be made in the system. "The list of rulers and lifu as basic units of length was new at the time. According to the above-mentioned system established in the last years of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty, it can be known that one mile is 1800 feet to build. One foot is equal to 0.32 meters, so 1,800 feet is equal to 576 meters. Because one mile in the city is 500 meters, one mile in terms of construction size is 115.2% of the city.

[3] The basic calculation units of the Qing Dynasty's standard degrees, quantities, and weights and measures were: construction ruler, Cao Hu, and Kuping.