"Get out of here, you untouchables", just as Zhengliang listened to the shopkeeper talk about the Ming Tea Ceremony, there were bursts of scolding from the pipe not far from the tea stall, accompanied by the sound of horses' hooves and the screams of women and children.

Everyone, including the owner of the tea stall, looked up when they heard the sound. On the pipeline, several fast horses galloped past, and several homeless people walking on the road almost couldn't dodge and were hit. Even though he narrowly escaped the impact of the horse, he was whipped a few times by the man on the horse.

"Hmph, those bullies have come out to do evil again, why did they come here this time?" Someone at the next table scolded angrily.

"Shhhh Be quiet, if they hear it, you'll suffer," was immediately stopped.

"Hmph", the person who cursed just now also knew the seriousness of the Dao, but he just snorted lightly and didn't make any more noise.

"Who were those people just now?" Hearing everyone's angry scolding, Zhenghao became surprised and asked the tea stall shopkeeper in a low voice.

"It's better for the guest officer to ask less, anyway, the next time I see them, just turn around and leave," the tea stall shopkeeper said meaningfully.

Zhengliang was about to continue to ask, when several homeless people who had been frightened just now came over. Masarashi was so shocked by their miserable appearance that he forgot to continue asking. I saw that there were a total of four people, a man and a woman, two middle-aged people, and at the same time each dragging a small child, one was a little boy and the other was a little girl, all of whom looked like they were only seven or eight years old. It seems that these four people are a family of four. But the way they look is really unbearable to watch. The four of them were all in blue clothes, and the middle-aged woman was a little better, even if she was poor, she picked up some clothes to wrap her body. The other three were much less clothed, especially the middle-aged man, who was wearing a shirt and saw several whip marks with blood on his shoulders, which were obviously left by the person who had just ridden the horse. Look at the two kids. Oh my God, look at how thin they look. It's really a bit like the famine of those refugees in Africa that I saw in later generations.

Masato was shocked. This is the middle and late Ming Dynasty, how could there be such a homeless person. Yes, not bad. In the late Ming Dynasty, there was a large-scale displacement of people, and even led to continuous peasant uprisings, but now it is the middle and late Ming Dynasty, and such a scene has appeared in the great powers of the Celestial Empire. How can the political conscience be embarrassed?

"Hey, this is the tenth batch of displaced people to arrive this month, it's really pitiful, you go and scoop some food for them" The shopkeeper instructed Xiao Erdao next to him.

Xiao Er was instructed to go down immediately and prepare to eat.

"A lot of these homeless people lately?" Masara asked.

"Yes, I've inquired below. These displaced people are all from Guangxin Province, and due to the locust plague at home, the government not only did not reduce taxes, but even increased taxes, so these people had to escape," the shopkeeper sighed and said.

Guangxin House? When Zhengliang heard this, he was taken aback. Guangxin Mansion is in Jiangxi? Now this is Zhejiang. Guangxin Mansion is located at the junction of Zhejiang and Jiangxi, and after entering Zhejiang from Guangxin Mansion, it needs to pass through the Prefecture Mansion, Jinhua Mansion, Taizhou Mansion and Shaoxing Mansion respectively. It was only after arriving at Ningbo Mansion that it was the last time. There are hundreds of kilometers to say the least, and for such a long distance, these homeless people come all the way on foot, eating and sleeping in the open air.

Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, once decreed: "The cultivator will test his strength and give it to him." Let the poor have money, and the rich may not be annexed. [~] If the annexed disciples occupy the land for their own business. and those who turn to the poor tenants are guilty." and ordered the princes and ministers to "land and water in their mountains." and according to the original ordinance, and not to take too much of it for one's own property." Zhu Yuanzhang also made the Iron List Nine Admonitions. It is strictly forbidden for meritorious heroes and princes' families to rely on power to forcibly occupy the land and property of officials and people.

Zhu Yuanzhang, who came from a poor background, was already aware that the annexation of land would cause peasants to become displaced people, which would lead to serious social problems. He was also sympathetic to the plight of the peasants, and he often said: "Among the four people, the peasants are the hardest and hardest." As soon as the pheasant crowed, he got up and drove the oxen down to the fields to plow. After planting seedlings, they also had to weed and fertilize, and they couldn't look like it in the sun, and they worked hard all day long. Finally, when the harvest is over, there is not much left except for the grain and taxes. In case of floods, droughts, insects, and locust famines, the whole family can only be anxious, and there is nothing to be done. ”…,

In order to allow farmers to cultivate with peace of mind, Zhu Yuanzhang formulated the "road guidance system". The road guide is equivalent to a pass, which needs to be applied to the magistrate. Without a guide, one cannot leave the land at will, thus limiting the movement of the peasants to within a hundred miles.

By the time of Zhu Yuanzhang's descendants, the system of land slowly changed, and in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, there began to be a Huangzhuang directly managed by eunuchs and collected taxes, so that there was a large-scale forcible occupation of land.

During the period of Ming Xiaozong, there were four imperial villages, and the official land was less than 2,000 hectares; Later, it gradually developed to five imperial villages, covering an area of 12,800 hectares. By the time of Ming Wuzong, the number of Huangzhuang had increased to thirty-six, covering an area of more than 53,000 hectares.

The royal family opened up the imperial village, and other royal relatives followed suit. According to the records of the "Ming Hui Yao", in the 26th year of Hongwu, the total number of fields was more than 8.5 million hectares, and in the 15th year of Hongzhi, it was reduced to 4.22 million hectares. This reduction is half because it was annexed by the imperial relatives, so it is not in the official register.

As a result, countless farmers have been displaced because they have no land to plant. And because of the Ming Dynasty's road introduction system, these peasants who went into exile were hunted down by the government, and naturally became the so-called "exiles". There was less land, and the taxes of the court increased. The peasants who had land to grow had to bear heavier taxes and miscellaneous taxes, so the peasants who had land began to abandon their fields on a large scale and flee to join the ranks of the "displaced people." By the end of the Ming Dynasty, due to land annexation, exorbitant taxes and a series of natural disasters, the Ming Dynasty had become the largest "exile empire" in history.

But it is still the middle and late Ming Dynasty, and it has not yet reached the end of the period, why has there been such a homeless cháo? So Zhengliang was really puzzled.

"Isn't it true that the government along the road won't help you?" Masara asked.

"Guest officer, you don't know, these homeless people have no guide, once they are contained, the government along the way will be punished," the shopkeeper said with a wry smile.

Zhengliang thought about it when he heard this, and it seemed that Wang Hai was indeed scooping some road guides in his hands through relationships.

"Besides, how to relieve such a large number of displaced people, once the granary is opened for relief, it will inevitably cause all the displaced people in the vicinity to flock to it, and the local government will be scolded by the government," the shopkeeper continued, "In fact, it is fortunate that the government along the way does not arrest these displaced people." ”

Hmph, if you don't arrest you, you don't want to increase the burden on the cell? After hearing this, Zhengliang secretly scolded angrily.

"And where are these outcasts going now?" Masarashi continued to ask.

"Further on, there are mountains and forests, they plan to enter the mountains and forests, open up some fields, and fend for themselves," the shopkeeper bowed his head and said, "Several groups of people have gone in this month. But there are fierce beasts and poisonous snakes inside, and there are many mosquitoes, and when they reach the bottom, there are only five of them that can survive. ”

Into the middle of the woods? It is no wonder that many peasant uprisings in history were launched from these mountain and forest areas. In my memory, there was a similar uprising in the first year of Chenghua, that is, the famous Battle of Jingxiang.

The problem of displaced people has been a serious social problem since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, and the household registration policy formulated during the Hongwu period was extremely strict, with the purpose of tying the people to the land in order to ensure the state's taxation and forced labor. Since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, with the intensification of land annexation and the severity of servitude, there have been more and more 'fugitive households' and 'displaced people', and Jingxiang Mountain is the largest gathering area for displaced people. The most famous "Jingxiang" massacre in history took place there.

The peasants were quite industrious, but they were timid and fearful, and they were extremely enduring, and they would not have taken risks if they had not reached the point of exhaustion and desperation. Now there is a homeless cháo, which can be said to be a slap in the face to the current dynasty that calls itself the Celestial Empire.

It seems that it is impossible to count on these high-ranking officials of the dynasty. But what can I do for them? Relief for each encounter? Obviously unrealistic, there are more than 10 million displaced people in the world, even if they have thousands of dollars in their pockets, they can't help it.

So how do you go about it?

The homeless people want nothing but a place where they can settle down. But what about finding a place for them to live and work in peace?

If you can't provide it here, why don't you provide it yourself? But is your foundation in the rì book?

Immigrant? Masara was startled by the thought that popped into his own eyes. (To be continued......)

s