624 Cuba and Viet Nam
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This small Caribbean nation has been a colony of the United States since the end of the Spanish-American War in 1898. Of course, the Americans will not admit that they colonized Cuba, and the Americans consider themselves to be the great saviors of Cuba's democracy and independence.
Beginning in 1898, Cuba has been played by the United States for more than half a century, especially since the mid-thirties, Cuban politics has been constantly turbulent, and behind it is the black hand of the United States.
Especially Fulgencio. After Batista's rise to prominence, Cuba's regime was almost single-handedly controlled. And one of the very important reasons why this man has been able to control Cuba for more than 10 years is that only the United States is the first to follow.
However, where there is oppression, there is resistance, and from the forties onwards, Batista's rule began to suffer strong resistance, Batista's feudal comprador policy was really unpopular, and a large number of Cuban progressive youth began to fight against imperialism and colonialism.
One of the most famous is naturally Field. Castro. He came from a good background, the son of a wealthy plantation owner, who also received a systematic higher education, earning a doctorate in law.
It's just that instead of becoming a wealthy consultant lawyer, Castro embarked on a political path, and later led a group of friends to overthrow Batista's rule, and has been blending under the nose of the United States into the 21st century.
1948 was a very important year for Castro, when the leader of Colombia **** Gates was killed, triggering an armed uprising. Castro attended the anti-imperialist and anti-colonial student congress in Bogotá, Colombia, and participated in the riots against the oligarchy at the University of Bogotá. After the failure of the operation, he fled back to Cuba in a transport truck carrying pups to continue his education.
This operation had a profound impact on Castro, and it can be said that from that day he became a true revolutionary. And what happened to Castro on this plane was extraordinary. Because after attending the anti-imperialist and anti-colonial congress in Bogotá, he did not succeed in escaping, but was arrested by the reactionary Colombian government. The immature Castro was thrown into prison, and whether he was tried by the reactionary Colombian government or extradited back to Cuba would not be a good thing for him.
Interestingly, however, Castro's arrest has attracted the attention of KGB, although the KGB Caribbean Bureau does not know why the little-known schoolboy is on the list of concerns. But since the higher authorities have ordered it, it is right that they are highly concerned.
Soon the reactionary government in Colombia felt the pressure from the Soviet side, and on the surface the Soviet Union was very dissatisfied with the suppression of the student movement in Colombia, but only the KGB knew that the Soviet Union really cared about the student Castro.
Under the strong intervention of the Soviet government, the reactionary government in Colombia could only release a large number of progressive students, but Castro's release from prison did not mean that he was at ease. The reason was that his actions were known to the Batista government, a feudal comprador government that did not like students such as Castro, and although it was unable to extradite him back to China, it revoked Castro's nationality and forbade him to return to Cuba.
For a time, Castro was left without a passport, no identity, no nationality, and the reactionary Colombian government announced his expulsion. Poor Castro seems to be cornered. At the critical moment, the Soviet Union intervened again and gave Castro a temporary passport, allowing him to travel to the Soviet Union as a political asylum.
In 1948, Castro arrived in the Soviet Union. He has longed for this beacon of socialism for a long time. He first arrived in Leningrad and admired the cemetery of the martyrs of the October Revolution and the Winter Palace. After that, he studied at the Faculty of Political Science and Economics of Moscow State University.
However, Castro was not a good student at the academy, preferring to debate with his classmates and participate in social research rather than boring book knowledge. In the first month of school, he traveled around Moscow, and in the next two years, he went deep into the hinterland of the Soviet Union to understand the social situation in the Soviet Union. After that, he also went to China to observe the similarities and differences between the Chinese Revolution and the Soviet Revolution.
It should be said that Castro is not the kind of student who can attract the attention of the old Soviet revolution, he has average grades among international students, and he is not good at studying revolutionary theory, and this kind of student is definitely not the academic dish of the old Soviet revolution. They prefer students like Wang Ming, who can only read to the death, believing that they are the seeds of the real revolution who have mastered advanced revolutionary theories.
What's more, Castro is still from Cuba, which is too young and has no political status, so let's put it this way, the revolution in the Americas is not at all the focus of the old Soviet revolution. In the eyes of the old revolution, the Americas were the stronghold of US imperialism, and the revolution there was probably the last and most difficult.
Let's put it this way, according to Sverdlov and others, the first country in the Americas to get rid of the United States and win the victory of the revolution will probably not appear until the 21st century. As for 1948, let's focus on the revolutionary situation in Asia.
The only one who was interested in Castro was Li Xiaofeng, who brought Castro from the Americas to Moscow, and it was he who gave Castro enough grants to enable him to proudly investigate the social reality of the Soviet Union and China. If it weren't for a certain immortal, Castro would probably not be too happy even if he went to Moscow.
Of course, Castro is Castro, and he has been successful in all those conditions in history, not to mention that he still has a lot of support. However, his time had not yet come, and he had to stay in Moscow until 1950, from which he could develop his ambitions.
The Americas are not only a Castro that Li Xiaofeng is concerned about, but also Che. Che Guevara, but now Guevara is still roaming the Americas, and he still needs time before he has the determination to become a revolutionary.
Let's go back to Vietnam for a moment and see what happened there. After the Viet Cong basically expelled the French forces from northern Vietnam, they began to actively prepare to move south. However, the confident Vietnamese were immediately attacked head-on, and the all-weather air superiority of the United States and the armed puppet army of Ngo Dinh Diem defeated the Viet Cong's southward troops, not only did the southward march not succeed, but also almost allowed Ngo Dinh Diem to counterattack northern Vietnam.
After a major war, the Viet Cong suffered heavy losses, and the regular army, which had been trained by Soviet military advisers, was completely crushed. This defeat left Sverdlov, who had previously prepared to make a big deal in Vietnam, dumbfounded.
How can I say it, Sverdlov was originally preparing to drive the Americans out of Indochina in one go, because in the previous war of liberation in China, the PLA trained and armed by Soviet advisers had an astonishing combat effectiveness, and the scraping troops equipped with "American weapons" were beaten in turn. This made Xiao Si have the wrong idea that as long as he sent some military advisers and gave him some weapons, he could easily defeat the puppets of the Americans. He didn't think that the Viet Cong was not a T Communist Party at all, and he could only follow the example of Dong Shi.
As a result, Xiao Si fell into the pit. After the regularization of the Viet Cong, its combat effectiveness was less than half of that of the PLA, and when the Americans took action in person, they were naturally beaten back to their original shape in minutes. The defeat of the Viet Cong can be said to have given Sverdlov a blow to the head, and those hopes that he had pinned on before were almost equivalent to bankruptcy, anyway, Xiao Si was sulking for a few days in a row, and he didn't know what he was wrong with.
Sverdlov really didn't know what he was wrong with, he only saw that the backward T Communist Party easily achieved success, but he could not see that the success of the T Communist Party had accumulated for nearly two decades. If there were no setbacks in the past, would it have been so successful in the future?
The Viet Cong, on the other hand, was dependent on the T Communist Party to survive at the beginning, and the talents they trained were limited. Moreover, the domestic situation in Vietnam is also different from that of the Communist Party of China, lacking connotation and heritage. So they are ill-prepared in the face of setbacks. Moreover, the military advisers provided by the Soviet Union were not suitable for Vietnam's national conditions, and the Viet Cong's armed forces were still in their infancy, and they could only fight guerrilla warfare, and even waged mobile warfare without experience and talent.
The reason why the T Communist Party has been able to change so quickly is that the T Communist Party has trained a large number of military talents in the previous armed struggle and has already passed this initial stage. Let's put it this way, the T Gong at the end of the Anti-Japanese War is equivalent to a player with a high level of training in online games, as long as they change a little better equipment, the combat effectiveness will change qualitatively in minutes.
The Viet Cong is different, they are only out of the novice village, even if the Soviet Union provides them with the best equipment, whether they can wear it is a question, and even if they wear it, it is difficult to say whether they can exert their due combat effectiveness.
Sverdlov didn't know that there were so many other things to say, he only knew that a certain immortal had succeeded in China, but he had failed in Vietnam, but he was very angry and depressed, and he did not delve into the root cause of why he failed. So in the face of the defeat in Vietnam, Sverdlov lost his sense of normalcy, believing that it was his own bad luck and that the future of the revolution in Vietnam was in doubt. Based on this understanding, he believes that it is necessary to suspend Vietnam's actions for a while, wait and see, and talk about it later.
To tell the truth, Sverdlov was also frightened by successive pitfalls, Yugoslavia he failed, Vietnam suffered another major setback, which made him lose most of his self-confidence, and now even he began to wonder if the time was not ripe for a world revolution.
It seems that the old revolutionaries, like ordinary people, will become numb, self-doubting, and lose confidence when they encounter problems. All in all, Sverdlov backed down, and his retreat gave Li Xiaofeng a big chance.
It is not that Li Xiaofeng is ready to accept the Vietnamese revolution as a pick-up man, but in fact Li Xiaofeng has little interest in the Vietnamese revolution, especially in helping Vietnam win the victory of the revolution in an all-round way. Because Vietnam's criminal record is too bad, T Gong tightened his belt to help them back then, but in the end, he repaid virtue with resentment, and this white-eyed wolf killed him.
At the peak of the Vietnam War, in the face of the indiscriminate bombardment of the United States, the Soviet Union supported tens of thousands of Sam-2 missiles, and at one point it was to the extent that hundreds of Sam-2s could shoot down a B52. Nima, this exchange ratio is simply a cheat, Sam 2 of that year was very expensive, and as a result, the Vietnamese were put into flowers, who can stand this TM?
In his opinion, the best state of Vietnam is to neither count nor divide, and the North and the South will continue to fight for a long time, and it is best to drag the United States to continue to consume it like this. This would not only weaken the power of the United States and delay the Americans, but also prevent the Soviet Union from being taken seriously after the victory in Vietnam. All in all, it's a good move, and of course the only ones who are not satisfied with it are the Vietnamese.
Ho Chi Minh soon learned about the Soviet government. The ruling bureau has made a new judgment on the situation in Vietnam and is ready to tighten aid to Vietnam. This surprised him, because only a month earlier, Sverdlov had personally promised him to increase aid to Vietnam, and how could things have taken a 180-degree turn in the blink of an eye?
He hurried to Moscow to do Sverdlov's work again, because he also discovered that in the upper echelons of Soviet power, Sverdlov was the one who was most interested in the Vietnamese revolution, and Li Xiaofeng was cold. There was no point in doing the work of an immortal, the only thing that could be done was to hold Sverdlov so that he would not back down.
It is a pity that Sverdlov is already retreating at this time, and he is still banging loudly, no matter what Ho Chi Minh says, Sverdlov just does not let go, although he has not reduced his aid to Vietnam, but Xiao Si has also made it clear that he will never increase aid to Vietnam, and even the fighter jets and anti-aircraft missiles that promised to provide assistance to Vietnam soon have all been canceled.
This is a slap in the face for Ho Chi Minh, and now Vietnam's air defense is simply a sieve, and American planes come and go whenever they want, and the Vietnamese don't talk about staring, sometimes they can't see it.
It is conceivable that if this state of affairs continues, there will not be enough targets in northern Vietnam to be bombed. What Ho Chi Minh wanted most was for the Soviet Air Force and Air Defense Forces to directly enter Vietnam to fight, followed by Soviet support aircraft, antiaircraft artillery and missiles to train Vietnamese personnel to fight. But these two goals, the first one was directly denied by Li Xiaofeng last time, and the second one is out of play now. Could it be that the Vietnamese military and civilians should resist the US bombing?
"Comrade Hu, please understand my difficulties. You behaved so badly in the last battle. The situation is highly suspicious of your combat capabilities. I think that no amount of weapons and supplies will be of any use to you...... It also took a lot of effort for me to convince the government. The governance bureau continues to maintain the previous assistance ...... The most important thing now is not to ask for help, but that you must come up with results as soon as possible, otherwise what will I do. What about the work of other comrades in the bureau? ”
To tell the truth, Sverdlov's remarks are pure nonsense. It is true that the ruling bureau is very unhappy with the last defeat of the Viet Cong, but this is not the same as talking about politics. The Viet Cong had already been beaten to death with a stick, and there was no longer any hope for the Viet Cong, let alone cut off or curtail aid to Vietnam. Politics. The only consensus reached was that the revolutionary struggle in Vietnam could not continue like this, and practice had proved that the military advisers of the Red Army had not solved the problems of the Viet Cong armed forces, and that the Soviet Union's combat experience was not suitable for Vietnam. For the time being, it seems that it is not appropriate to add more military aid, but to first find out the problems existing in Vietnam and find out the targeted solutions.
It should be said that the government. The conclusions drawn by the management of the situation are still relatively objective, and the main purpose of this is to solve practical problems based on the actual situation. The main purpose is to prevent the waste caused by the blind expansion of the volume of aid. But on Sverdlov's side, it means something else entirely, it seems that without his words Soviet politics. The regime has abandoned Vietnam.
At that time, Ho Chi Minh was a little dumbfounded, and he was really deceived by Sverdlov, according to his understanding, this was probably an obstacle by a certain immortal who had always looked at Vietnam unpleasantly, so he ran to Lenin and Trotsky to complain about the situation. Of course, this is also the result that Sverdlov is most happy to see, he is just trying to block a certain immortal.
It's just that the effect of this crooked trick is not particularly ideal, because not long ago Lenin had just suffered a stroke, and at this time he was in the recovery period, and it was difficult to even speak for the time being. At this time, Ho Chi Minh ran to complain that the health care doctor was the first to refuse, and Lenin was really powerless even if he wanted to manage it at this time, not to mention that the mentor at this time did not want to meddle in the little between the next generation of successors. He hadn't seen any kind of struggle over the years, not to mention that a certain immortal had grown up with him, and he knew that someone was not so unreliable. So his advice to Ho Chi Minh is to be calm and patient. The official statement of the governance situation, before the official conclusion is out, do not believe all the gossip.
This made Ho Chi Minh wonder a little, could it be that the news he got from Sverdlov was also the news of the dock? Also so unreliable? He was suspicious of Lenin's words or found Trotsky.
Trotsky did not suffer a stroke, but he was also very busy, and in recent years he was busy compiling all kinds of materials for the period of the October Revolution and preparing to write a personal memoir of the October Revolution. He had no interest in getting involved in the little between Sverdlov and Li Xiaofeng. Naturally, Ho Chi Minh also did not receive a satisfactory answer.
And this also made Ho Chi Minh even more anxious, for the independence and liberation of Vietnam, he had already put aside his personal little things, and he could not say that he had begun to think of a way. Lenin and Trotsky did not work well, so he was ready to go to the old revolutionary who had a good relationship with a certain immortal to "save the country", and after looking for it, he found Taizu and Zhou Gong...... (To be continued.) )