On the first day of September in the twelfth year of Shunzhi, two of the five institutes in Qiandong.

Tang Ruowang sat very respectfully on the palace bench under the kang, without slacking off at all, his mind was spinning rapidly, thinking about how to give a satisfactory answer to the questioner in front of him. Hongyi, who just came back from the "Eight Banners Proofreading" yesterday, also made a straight face on the kang, waiting for the answer he was looking forward to.

"Lord Belle, the process of making artillery, shotguns and gunpowder is also described in China, and it is also detailed, such as the former Ming Confucian general Mao Yuanyi's "Military Qualifications" in the "Military Qualifications" has a discussion on the preparation of gunpowder and the manufacture of firearms. However, the details are still too general, and today's firearms manufacturing also relies on word of mouth and word of mouth between craftsmen and apprentices, so it is indeed not as accurate as the West in terms of performance. John Tang finally spoke.

"Well, old Marfa is right. In this way, if Western chemistry and other disciplines are introduced to China as soon as possible to lead standardized manufacturing, is it possible? Hongyi nodded yes and continued to ask.

"Chemistry? Standardized manufacturing? John Tong repeated two terms that he had never heard of.

"Well, hehe, chemistry is chimiques! As for standardized manufacturing, it is estimated that this word is also bought in various languages of Europa! You just need to remember that I need to have a unified standard for the manufacture of firearms, whether it is in the gunpowder configuration, barrel casting, or parts polishing, no matter which craftsman is changed to make it, the firearms that come out are the same, and any part taken from any firearm can be used as usual on any other firearm, this is standardized manufacturing! ”

For the special noun "chemistry", Hongyi came to a French sentence at the right time, you know, as an undergraduate student majoring in international politics, Zeng Hongyi taught himself a lot of French as a "second foreign language" during his school, and individual words are really not a problem.

"Oh, slave understood!" Although John Tang was a big surprise in his heart, he was not surprised. Messenger of God, any singularity is nature.

"In my opinion, you can arrange the many priests in China in detail, see if there are any who are good at teaching, please join the Beijing Division, set up a firearms training institute in the firearms battalion official office, and then recruit dozens of intelligent and dexterous students among the children of the Eight Banners of the Beijing Division, according to the model of Western schools, starting from basic knowledge such as mathematics, chemistry, physics, astronomy, meteorology, etc., and slowly teach them, and over time, they can become talents."

"These subjects, the slave is still a little unclear, so ......"

Seeing Tang Ruowang's blank face, he reminded Hongyi that the rankings he just mentioned were all formed after hundreds of years of Western learning, and many of them still borrowed Japanese words, so it is no wonder that Tang Ruowang didn't know what to say.

"Haha, it's my negligence, these courses are ......" Hongyi reluctantly translated it with the sixth-level vocabulary of college English that he had thrown away for more than ten years, touching the sweat on his head, Hongyi especially missed Xiao Ai in the direction of learning English interpretation!

"Oh, the slave kind of got it!"

"Old Marfa, in fact, you compiled that heavy book in the former Ming Dynasty, called "Fire Attack and Attack", which can also be used as the basic textbook of the Firearms Education and Research Institute, but it has to be constantly updated, and it can't be too far behind the latest Jishu in Europa! There is also your book "Kunyu Gezhi", which can also be used as a textbook for geography and smelting. Hehe, the writings of Lao Marfa are equal to the body, which is really a blessing for the Qing Dynasty! ”

"The slave has thanked Lord Baylor for his trust!" Tang Ruowang was already a little moved by his bosom friend, and replied with teary eyes.

"However, after the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, why did Lao Marfa no longer publish any more works?" Hongyi suddenly changed his words, and he actually made Tang Ruowang's expression in a trance.

"Does Old Marfa know why the late Ming Dynasty priest Xiong Sanba[1] was criticized by Xu Guangqi[2]?" Hongyi said quietly.

"Ahh The slave has no intention of being complacent, and please ask Lord Belle to learn from it! John Tang was so anxious that he almost knelt down!

It turned out that the missionaries of the Ming Dynasty imported religion and science in China, and disseminated science no less than religion, because the Chinese needed scientific knowledge, and only talking about religion could not be respected by scholars. The missionaries of the early Qing Dynasty rarely talked about science (except for some astronomical calendars), because the Han people did not dare to approach the Westerners, and the missionaries lost the support of scholars, and the religion was oppressed by the Manchu rulers, and could not develop as smoothly as in the late Ming Dynasty. At that time, the scientific literacy of the missionaries who came to China was not much better than that of the Chinese scholars of the Ming Dynasty.

In the 16th century, theology was still the dominant factor in European thought, and science was still in the primary. The purpose of the Jesuit education was to equip the missionaries with the knowledge necessary to demonstrate the existence of God. The spread of Geometry is a good example. The most wonderful thing about the Geometry is its rigorous logical system, and the missionaries studied the original in order to apply this formal logic to religious arguments. In the eyes of the missionaries, science was merely a means of understanding God.

Matteo Ricci [3], a missionary of the Ming Dynasty, was one of the pioneers of Catholic missionary work in China and the first Western scholar to read Chinese literature and study Chinese classics. As he said in his "Notes on China": "Compared with the mysteries of the Catholic faith, it is really a small skill of carving."

After Matteo Ricci, Long Huamin, another president of the Chinese diocese, even directly excluded science from the words and deeds of the missionaries. It can be seen that the missionary's understanding of science and technology is far from reaching the level of Xu Guangqi. After Matteo Ricci's death, the church authorities in Macau forbade missionaries to disseminate science under the pretext that missionary work should be the foundation. When Xiong Sanba asked Xu Guangqi to jointly translate "Taixi Water Law", he showed absent-mindedness, which made Xu Guangqi very dissatisfied, saying that "you can get a glimpse of his person". Matteo Ricci's successful experience made the missionaries realize that in order to succeed in missionary work in China, they must learn the Chinese language and respect the Chinese ritual customs of worshiping heaven, worshipping ancestors, and worshipping Kong, and "the best way is to win people's hearts with scholarship." As a result, most of the missionaries to China were well-educated people in the West at that time, and they had high attainments in science, and they took the propaganda of Western scientific civilization as an important means of preaching. Under the Manchu rule, however, "from 1644 to 1663 John Tong did not write any more creative works. [Utterance of Shang Zhicong's "The Study of Poor Reasoning in the Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties"]

"Old Marfa, you misunderstood me. If the Jesuits want to broadcast the gospel in China, they must come up with something real and let the Chinese subjects know the general trend of the shijie trend! Hongyi said earnestly.

"Slave thanks Lord Belle on demand!" John Tang replied as if he had realized something.

"Old Marfa, I know that you respect me, but don't call yourself a slave anymore, you must know that in the Qing Dynasty, even calling yourself a slave is a kind of treatment, and it is a very high treatment that can only be given by my emperor Amma, between you and me, don't be so polite!" Hongyi gave a little advice by the way.

"Oh, yes, yes, slave...... Lao Chen understands, thank you Lord Belle for reminding me! It was John Tong's turn to wipe his sweat.

"Okay, this firearms training institute, I mean, in time, ask Lao Marfa to build him into my first specialized college in the Qing Dynasty, that is, the Western college, and then, we will also establish a university, which naturally includes seminary [seminary] to spread the holy sound!"

"The old minister has thanked the Holy Envoy of God, the first Belle Lord of the Qing Dynasty!" Tang Ruowang couldn't hide his excitement anymore, bowed his head and bowed, and took it upon himself to add a few titles to Hongyi that scared people to death and didn't pay for their lives. In fact, although there are still a large number of ancient English words in English in the mid-17th century, the roots are extremely similar.

"Hurry up, old Marfa, you still need to write a sparse note for this matter, and you will know it with the king of Anjun, and then go up to the emperor Ama together."

"The old minister understands!"

"Shangshu Zhong must also explain that there is a shortage of talents for the manufacture and use of firearms at present, and the gunners and artillerymen of the future must have a skill, and these specialties can only be mastered through several years of study. Thinking carefully, this firearms reserve, transfer, use, battle method, field strategy, and even reverse thinking, how to resist firearm damage, how to effectively rescue the wounded in battle, how to attack and defend both land and sea, and many other miscellaneous items, Lao Marfa must plan in detail, not only to refer to the existing precedents of Europa, but also to dare to make bold innovations......

Furthermore, I also told Master Fan Chengmo about this matter, and he will not understand it very well for a while, but I told him that these specialized apprentices should also study the way of Confucius and Mencius, which is called Chinese culture. And he gladly agreed! And this textbook of Chinese culture can just be used in the book "Chinese Studies and Western Studies" that you are compiling! Hongyi spoke eloquently, with a sense of pride and pride.

"The old minister really admires Lord Belle's clever calculations!" Tang Ruowang was also overjoyed, and sincerely patted the little guy's ass.

"By the way, old Marfa, what do you mean by the Dutchman......'s request for trade?" Hongyi suddenly changed the subject, carefully observing the subtle changes in the foreign old man's expression. Sure enough, John Tang looked stunned, and replied a little unnaturally:

"The old minister suggested that the emperor should come to the court once every eight years with the Netherlands, with no more than 100 servants, and order 20 people to go to Beijing, and the goods they brought should be traded in the museum, and they should not sell their goods privately on the sea of Guangdong......"[4]

"Actually, there could be a better solution to this matter, but for the time being." Hongyi didn't continue to say anything, but he already had a clear plan in his heart. The two tacitly continued to discuss the specific details of the establishment of the Firearms Training Institute.

According to Hongyi's opinion, to teach the children of the Manchurian and Han Eight Banners, Wang Yuele of Anjun, who was in charge of the Zongren Mansion, also personally consulted the opinion of the Empress Dowager, and heard that although it was to learn firearms skills, it was more necessary to learn archery and horse riding, and it was also promoted by his own emperor Sun Xuanye, and the Empress Dowager reluctantly agreed. Therefore, according to the emperor's opinion, the "Firearms Teaching and Training Institute" of the Great Qing Firearms Battalion officially started construction at the northern foot of Jingshan.

At the same time, a brief enrollment brochure also spread quickly among the children of the nobles of Jingshi. The general meaning is: according to the basic law of the use of firearms, in accordance with the will of the Qing Emperor, it is planned to recruit 30 firearms apprentices in the first phase of the Eight Banners who are 7 years old but less than 10 years old in Beijing, 10 people from Manchu, Mongolia and Han, and protégés of the same Tianzi. The entrance examination consists of three subjects: riding archery, arithmetic, and Chinese studies. The duration of study is 12 years, the first six years are all subjects, and the last six years are divided into artillery, firearms manufacturing or use, etc., according to their grades and aspirations. Those who have completed their studies and passed the assessment can directly enter the firearms battalion and be awarded the six-rank blue feather chief or blue feather guard, wearing bird tail feathers. Starting next year, only seven-year-olds will be recruited each year......

The news caused an immediate uproar. You must know that, on the one hand, in the past few days, inside and outside the Beijing Division, and up and down the three armies, it has been said that Dorobelle Xuanye in the Forbidden City is a "golden crow", and he is naturally very good at using firearms, and once this firearm is trained by the little prince, it will immediately increase its power, and it can be regarded as an artifact! On the other hand, many ordinary flag people, fighting all their lives, in the end, the highest is only a positive seven-grade general, more of them are not into the stream of the leader, Baichang, officials, soil eyes and the like. If your children and grandchildren eat and drink well for 12 years, they are not only protégés of the Son of Heaven, but also can be awarded an official position of positive six products at once, it is no less than a good thing for pies in the sky!

As a result, all kinds of characters began to inquire about relevant news, and even Nantang, which was a little deserted in the past, began to be busy, making John Tang feel complacent. Even Liang Gong, the eunuch of the East Second Institute, told Xuan Ye with sincere fear, saying that he had won several silver bags in a row, and the princes and ministers asked him to say a lot in front of the master, whose son's son was excellent, whose young master was born with martial arts, and so on. This made Hongyi cry and laugh, and he only strictly ordered Xiao Gongzi to send the wallet to the thirteen yamen for confiscation, and he was not allowed to keep it privately.

Under the strict order of the emperor, the Ministry of Officials had to publish the "Enrollment Regulations of the Great Qing Firearms Camp Firearms Teaching and Training Institute", which clearly stipulated the eight bad deeds of bribing deacons and officials to obtain the admission of their children and grandchildren, as well as the corresponding punishment methods, and actually punished several Eight Banners people who committed crimes against the wind, which made the black-box operations carried out by various people in the capital for the admission of their children somewhat restrained.

[1] Xiong Sanba, an Italian missionary, is an expert in the study of Western hydraulic science. He came to China in 1606 and went to Beijing in the same year to assist Matteo Ricci in his work. In 1611, after revising the first six volumes of the Geometric Originals, Xu Guangqi consulted Xiong Sanba to write "Jian Pingyi Shuo". Xiong Samba was a highly accomplished preacher in literature, skilled in painting, architecture, and esoteric doctrine of religion. Xiong Sanba's coming-of-age story is very similar to Matteo Ricci. When Xiong Sanba set off for China, his grandfather wrote a letter to his grandson: Wherever you go, be careful and go to China with responsibility. In 1611, after revising the first six volumes of the Geometric Original, Xu Guangqi consulted Xiong Sanba to write "Jian Pingyi Shuo", and then in the preface he said: "The instrument was created by Mr. Yougang Xiong...... Xiong Zi thought it was little, and he refused to pass it on, so Yu Gu asked him to do it, and he was resolute in his words. In 1612, Xu Guangqi consulted Xiong Sanba to write "Taixi Water Law", and then said in the preface: "Until now, Yu has served and tended to the dynasty, and Mr. has passed away for a long time." Occasionally, please Mr. Xiong, only for a long time, observe his mind, and be stingy, and Gu You. Yu Yin speculated privately: Those who are not stingy, those who are stingy with gentlemen who preach and talk about the Tao, who are not blessed by the country and shelter the people, do not regard them as human beings! Those who are afraid of this law will be spread, and future generations in the world will see Mo Zhai in the public, that is, not its tens of thousands of miles from the east, donating to the top of the heel, risking danger, and being kind to the world? From this, we can see more clearly the problem mentioned above, that is, if Xiong Sanba is not selfish, it must be the reason why Long Huamin forbade his subordinates to spread Western technology to the Chinese people. And to say that Xiong Sanba is selfish, he can also help Xu Guangqi write the two books "Jian Pingyi Said" and "Taixi Water Law" - especially "Taixi Water Law" has as many as six volumes, and can also help Zhou Ziyu write "Table Theory", which is also not very valid.

[2] Xu Guangqi (April 24, 1562 - November 10, 1633), the character Zixian, the name Xuanhu, the Christian name Paul, Han nationality, was a native of Shanghai County, Songjiang Prefecture, Nanzhili in the Ming Dynasty, a mathematician and scientist, an agronomist, a politician, a military strategist in the late Ming Dynasty, an official to the Ministry of Rites, and a scholar of Wenyuange. Give the prince Taibao, Shaobao, and Wending. Xu Guangqi was also one of the pioneers of cultural exchanges between China and the West, and was the earliest Catholic in Shanghai, known as the head of the "Three Pillars of Sacred Religion".

[3] Matteo Ricci (6 October 1552 – 11 May 1610) was an Italian Jesuit priest, missionary, and scholar. In 1583 (the 11th year of the reign of Mingshenzong Wanli), he came to live in China. His original name literally translates to Matteo Ricci in Chinese, and Matteo Ricci is his Chinese name, called Xitai, also known as Qingtai, Xijiang. In China, he is respected by scholars and doctors, and is known as "Taixi Confucian". He was one of the pioneers of Catholic missionary work in China and the first Western scholar to read Chinese literature and study Chinese classics. In addition to spreading Catholic teachings, he also made friends with Chinese officials and celebrities, and disseminated Western knowledge of astronomy, mathematics, geography and other sciences. His writings have not only made important contributions to the exchanges between China and the West, but also had an important impact on the understanding of Western civilization in Japan and the countries on the Korean Peninsula.

[4] In August of the twelfth year of Shunzhi's reign, the Qing court did issue an order to allow Dutch goods to be traded in the Guangzhou Pavilion, and not to trade privately in Guangdong. And this decision did follow the advice of the Jesuit priest John Tong, whom Portugal had always supported.