Chapter 69: Choosing War
The slave rebellion in the Jinshangjing area in the second year of Jingkang gradually subsided after two years of turmoil, but the shock to the Wanyan family still lingered. They almost used all their forces to carry out a brutal suppression, but the remnants retreated to the old land of the five national departments of Limei under the leadership of Ah Shu, relying on Lao Ye Ling to confront them.
Mixing the Tongjiang River basin and the Monan region, this is the land of Longxing in the Jin Dynasty, including the residence of the Jurchen tribes, as well as the Khitan, Xi, Bohai and the Five Kingdoms, Jili Mi, Wudi Gai and other ethnic groups. And there are lush mountains and forests, the terrain is complex, and there are still scattered Jurchens, who have not been attached. In the past, these tribes did not form an alliance group like the Wanyan Ministry and the Five Kingdoms Ministry, so it was difficult to pose a threat to the Jin State, and they were just left to fend for themselves.
However, as Ah Shu led tens of thousands of fugitives into the country, he quickly unified them, all of them belonged to the newly rising Five Kingdoms Department, and it is said that a large tribe of about 100,000 people has been formed, among them are the rebellious Punie tribe, the Twist tribe, the Sushilie tribe, the Shilu tribe, and the Taodeli tribe, as well as the Khitans, Xi people, and Bohai people who were attached in the past, but most of them are Han people who have been captured and moved inward, and now there are fugitive slaves who continue to pour in from everywhere.
These traitors and fugitives not only fished, hunted and gathered, but also the Han Chinese used the valleys in the mountains to cut wood and grow grain, and even mined lead and gold mines in the mountains, taking advantage of their proximity to the Tatar Sea to trade with the outside world in exchange for daily necessities and weapons.
These men often attacked from the mountains during the winter months, plundering nearby Meng'an, killing officials, freeing slaves, stealing horses and food, and sometimes organizing small forces to attack the Jin army. It made people panic near Shangjing, but it was high and densely forested, and the large army could not enter. The small army was of little use and could now only build forts along the river. Manage the army and defend it to prevent them from crossing the river and harassing them.
And these are just external troubles, and now there are disputes within the Wanyan Department because of this civil unrest, and a group of people led by Chen Ban Bo Ji Lie Xian Ye demand the full implementation of the Han system, and actively advocate the abandonment of the old Jurchen system. He not only received the support of a group of former ministers of the Yan and Han dynasties, but also received a response from Wanyan Xiyin and Zong Wang, some Jurchen nobles, but their proposal was opposed by Zong Han and others led by the emperor Wu Qimai.
In fact, the institutional struggle between the two factions is not only a struggle for power, but also a struggle for interests. In the interior of the country, slavery was basically practiced. Yanyunzhou County inherited the feudal relationship of the Liao Dynasty. Therefore, the social and economic system in the field of Jin Dynasty rule showed a situation in which slavery and feudalism coexisted at the same time, and of course different systems could not develop in parallel with each other in a unified country, and fierce and sharp struggles were inevitable.
The different conditions of the political and military systems in different regions are, in fact, the inevitable reflection of different socio-economic systems in the superstructure. Unlike the feudal landlords, the Jurchen aristocracy of the Jin Kingdom did not exploit the peasants and slaves by the amount of land they owned, but on the contrary, established the right to possess the land according to the number of slaves and livestock they possessed.
'Shoutian' is the basic system of land possession by the Jurchens of the Jin Kingdom. According to this system established by Taizu Aguta, the Jurchen aristocracy was based on the number of slaves and livestock they possessed. Occupy a different amount of arable land. The system stipulates that whoever occupies one (three) cultivated cattle will have 25 people's mouths, that is, 4 hectares and 4 acres of land. Of course, this is not without limits. The so-called people who are the basis for receiving land are not only the commoners of the Jurchen tribes and clans, but also the slaves.
Hence the possession of slaves and livestock. the more land can be legally occupied. In foreign warfare, slaves and livestock were taken captive. It became a necessary condition for expanding land possession, and also became an important factor and motivation for the Jurchens to continuously launch foreign wars.
After the bone was killed. Wu Qimai continued to implement this system of receiving land, and then established a tax system, and he issued an edict: "This year's harvest is great, and there is no savings, how can we prepare for famine?" The order is one for each ox and one stone for each cow. Each Mok department is stored in a warehouse. Last year, an edict was issued: "On all roads in the interior, there is one ox for each ploughing and five buckets of corn." ”
Since the land system of the Jin State is based on the number of cattle tools, the collection of taxes is not based on the acres of land or population, but on the cattle tools, so it is also called the cattle head tax. This system of taxation was apparently mainly a grain tax levied by the slave-owning state on slave-owners and some of the common people. The slaves who worked in the fields had nothing, and they were not yet the object of taxation, but they were the ones who worked.
With the increase in the plundering of slaves, the land in the original Jurchen habitat was inevitably insufficient for cultivation, and the Jurchens were successively relocated to the newly occupied areas during the Aguta period, and a group of Jurchen nobles and nobles who moved out also became slave owners of different sizes. They seized the richest arable land of the Tibetan and Han ethnic groups, and in order to increase their increasing living and military expenditures, they continued to increase the enslavement of the Han people.
With the development of the interior economy of the Jin Dynasty, not only did more land need to be cultivated, but also more households were needed as laborers. In order to prevent the people in the subordinate areas from rebelling and plundering their land resources, the Jin Ting used the method of forced migration to move to the interior, sacrificing the interests of the Han people to relieve the Jurchens. While moving the Jurchens to the newly occupied areas, they also continued to move the Khitan and Han people to the interior of the Jin Dynasty......
These inward migrants were often unable to survive because of hardship and were forced to sell themselves into slavery, which led to the bitter hatred of the Han people, so the struggle against the Jin captivity and migration continued. Later, Jin Taejo issued an edict prohibiting the plundering of the people who had surrendered, prohibiting the powerful families from buying the poor as slaves, and stipulating that those who sold themselves into slavery could be ransomed by people with equal labor. But in reality, the possibility of such redemption is very small. It still did not prevent the Han Chinese who had been forced to migrate from becoming slaves en masse.
With the outward migration of the Jurchens and the inward migration of the Fan Han, this contradiction became more and more acute with the accumulation of time, and Ashu's fire immediately burned throughout the entire Jin Shangjing area, resulting in a great shock in the hinterland of the Jin State, and all the Jin troops who had to go south had to be transferred back to suppress the riots in various places. However, this great turmoil also made some people in the Jin Kingdom realize that the slavery system is no longer suitable for development, but the total sinicization will inevitably touch the sore spots of some vested interests, and they will inevitably be severely blocked, and it will inevitably evolve into an internal ideological struggle...
Wu Qimai clearly realized that his position was based entirely on the support of the clan, and these people supported him because he had given them a lot of benefits, and only by continuing to satisfy their greed would he win their support as always and suppress the discontent of the DPRK and China. Nowadays, everyone's appetite is growing, but less and less land can be allocated, and the mass of slaves fleeing and being killed in the turmoil has left everyone with a shortage of labor, which will need to be compensated for by a new war.
After Wu Qimai ascended the throne, he launched two wars against the Song Dynasty, not only consolidating his position, but also earning a lot of wealth and achieving huge benefits. He used the money to build a palace that stretched for more than ten miles, built the capital, and used the grain paid by the Song Dynasty to tide over the difficulties and quell the riots.
Therefore, whether it is Wu Qimai himself or considering the needs of the clansmen, it is in everyone's interests to launch a large-scale war, and using war can also increase cohesion and dilute the previous resentment, which can be described as a good thing in one fell swoop, and it should be the best time to start a war after thinking twice.
Now there are two targets that Jin Guo can choose, one is the rich Central Plains of the Great Song Dynasty, where there is simply gold, and it is cowardly and easy to deceive, and if you stomp your feet, you can extort something, just like your own wallet, you can take it out at any time. Another target is the remnants of Xijing around them, if in the past it was just a thorn in their eyes, making people feel uncomfortable, then now it is a mallet, which has made them feel a lot of pain.
Although they have realized the threat of Xijing, when they can choose a target, everyone chooses to ignore it, one is because Xijing is too thin, and there is not much oil and water after several expeditions; The other Xijing is simply the tomb of their Jurchen famous generals, not to mention that they can't get a bargain, and if they don't get it, they have to throw their lives there. But this reason is really indescribable for the invincible Dajin Kingdom, so the collective choice of the Great Song Dynasty!
Although the Jurchens were born in the mountains, they hate others to scold them for their buns, and they have not been loyal and filial piety for a long time, but they also like to be famous; Adultery and plundering are all evil, and I also hope to win the name of a 'teacher of benevolence and righteousness, a mighty teacher', this is like Dong Shi's imitation, there is no way to be ugly, you have to allow me to dress up!
In fact, it is not difficult to find a reason to beat him from Da Song, they have no ability to fight, but they are quite good at making small moves, they are especially good at playing conspiracy and tricks, and they do not pay attention to faith. Take the matter of returning Yanjing Mansion back then, although everyone has their own ghosts, but on the surface the two sides are still allies, Emperor Taizu traveled westward, and everyone was busy going to the funeral, but the Great Song Dynasty not only did not send people to mourn, but secretly encouraged Liao and the resistance to attack Jin's territory. If you want to say that we Jurchen are uneducated, it is reasonable to say it, but you are known as the state of etiquette in the Great Song Dynasty, how can you do such a thing!
What made the Jurchens even more annoying was that during the Sea Alliance, the Song Dynasty promised to transfer the tribute to Liao to Jin, but these scholars in the Song Dynasty bullied us outside the gate that they had never seen the world and cut corners: the silk was thin and the silver was not good. Now it is even more intensified, adulterated and fake, and sent to us as a tribute to shoddy goods, but the ten ginseng we gave you in the Great Song Dynasty are all genuine century-old ginseng!
Da Song always does this kind of thing that can't be put on the table, can it not make everyone angry? I don't have any skills, and I always look down on people, so I'll give you some colors to see, so that you can know what colorful is... (To be continued......)