Wei Wei questioned Cao Cao's "meritocracy", and "asking for advice" was Xun, and Zhou Budo stood up and said that he could answer on behalf of the teacher.

Shi Xun's relationship with Zhou Budo has become closer and closer these days, because he feels that this child is not as arrogant as he admits to be, at least in front of the teacher, he is willing to listen to persuasion, and he is willing to be taught. Soon after receiving the apprentices, before leaving Anyi, Zhou Budo asked Shixun alone, saying that the reason I said last time about the monarch and the minister, sir, do you really think it is wrong? How do I think that by deriving your theory, we can come to a similar conclusion......

It was Xun Xin who said that you are not finished yet, so he taught him: "I have tasted the passage of time, the population is more and more numerous, and the people's hearts are different. "Do you approve of the theory of gradual social progress that I have proposed? Zhou Budo nodded again and again, saying that there is no difference between the disciples on this point, and I think it is really great that you can understand this principle, teacher.

Shi Xun said well: "That is, if you are martyred, Yin Shang will be martyred...... but before the discovery of the oracle bone inscription, the historical materials of the relevant Shang Dynasty were very scarce, and there were many errors, so he had to be vague about the merchant's martyrdom - "As for Zhou, Mo Ziyun: 'The Son of Heaven killed the martyrs, many hundreds, and dozens of widows; The generals and doctors were killed, many dozens, and few widows. And Confucius said that benevolence is love for others, and Mencius said: "The one who started the story has no aftermath." 'Right and wrong stop evil and martyrdom, but evil is a figurine......"

There have always been different interpretations of Confucius's words, and the most popular one in these years is Zhao Qi's note: "Zhong Ni values human beings, and it is said that Qin Mugong used Sanliang to bury the original by the figurines, and the evil was created from the beginning, so this person has no heirs?" This means that it is because someone invented figurines. That's why it led to the martyrdom of Sanliang in the era of Qin Mugong. Confucius therefore denounced that "there is no aftermath" - the inventor of the figurines will definitely cut off his children and grandchildren.

However, it is Hoon who knows. Zhao Qi This is the result of the reversal, the development of history, is that there are people martyred first, and then there are figurines to bury, and the figurines are used to replace people, in fact, it is a kind of progress. Therefore, in his commentary and lectures, he took the statement of Zhu Xi in later generations: "The ancient burial person, Sokcho is thought to be a guard." It is called a spirit, which is slightly like a human form. In the Middle Ages, it was easy to use figurines, then there was a face, and it resembled a human, so Confucius hated it for being unkind...... "The earliest human martyrdom substitute was a human form tied with grass, and later invented the figurines, but the figurines have eyes, ears, mouth and nose, and they are too human-like (Mencius followed closely with the words of Confucius, and said, 'Use it for its image of a man'), so it is contrary to benevolence.

Yes Hoon said. The Shang Dynasty was martyred, and the Zhou Dynasty also continued this ancient, barbaric and cruel custom. But in the late Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius thought that not to mention human martyrdom, even the use of figurines was immoral - "Qin II's edict to the first empress of the palace of the childless people are all from death, so people are violent." As for this dynasty, there are almost useless martyrs. It is to know the passage of the world, the benefit is close to benevolence, and the benefit is in line with etiquette, but when the business and the Zhou Dynasty, if there is a martyr, people will see it as a disobedience, and it is indecent. "The times are progressing gradually, and when social morality has not yet developed to that point, it is self-inflicted death to put forward theories that are too advanced.

"The king of Shang and Zhou, martyrdom with people, to the king of Qin, with Sanliang as martyrdom, today's son of heaven, how dare to be martyred? It is the importance of knowing the king, the importance of the people, and the future, there will be a day as Yuan Zhi said, but it cannot be said in the present. "Hide your ideas in your heart, don't say it casually, get yourself into trouble or even for me.

Zhou Budo even claimed that it was Xun who was willing to listen to this kid, and when he was happy, he simply said a little more to him: "Yuan Zhi thinks, where does the power of the king come from?" "Zhou Budo said that I oppose the granting of monarchical power, and believe that the monarchy is given by the people, so the monarch is not higher than the people, but only the agent of the people - of course, I will only tell you this from now on, and I will not preach it everywhere. Shi Xun smiled slightly: "There are three powers in the world: one is patriarchal power, the second is clan power, and the third is husband power. The king is his elephant, so he takes his subjects as his children, his clansmen, and his concubines. The father can kill the son, the head can kill his subordinates, the husband can kill his concubine, and if the crime is reduced by one degree, then the king can be free to be known to the subjects. If the three powers are not removed, then the king is incomparable to the common people, and it is said that it is just a castle in the air. ”

The master and apprentice talked more and more, and Shi Xun finally spit out the block in his chest and confided some words that he had never dared to say to Zhou Budo. Of course, he also repeatedly reminded Zhou Budo that this is our little secret, don't tell anyone else - even if you say it, I won't admit it!

Zhou Budo has more and more respect for Shixun because of this, so today Wei asked Shixun about the difficulty, Zhou Budo felt that the teacher hesitated, and thought that Shixun hadn't thought about how to refute for a while, so he stepped forward and said that it was up to me to answer for the teacher.

The disciple replied to the questions of outsiders on behalf of the teacher, which is also reasonable, and Wei Wei is only in his early twenties, no matter how popular Liu Wei is among the young people, it is impossible to compare with Shi Xun after all, so standing up with a student who is about the same age as him to answer the question can be regarded as equal status. Therefore, it was inconvenient for Wei Wei to object, so he immediately waved his head slightly towards Zhou Budo: "I am willing to listen to Yajiao." ”

Shi Xun frowned slightly, looked at Zhou Budoubt, and said in his heart, how do you want to answer Wei Wei's question? I know you're a great mouth, but don't be open-minded, don't sell your advanced theories.

Seeing that Zhou Budo smiled calmly, he replied unhurriedly: "The monarch governs the country, using both virtue and talent, and cannot be abandoned, so there is filial piety and honesty, and there is also Maocai." Since Emperor Xiaohuan, scholars and doctors have often been more party than Zhou, and those who are cited boast of their reputation, and those who are jealous of them point to white as black, which has gradually become a chronic disease. As the family teacher said, it is not not a cloud virtue, and a person who is cloud virtue is self-sufficient, but it is overkill. Cao Cao didn't pay attention to morality, but there were too many people who advocated morality, and they didn't pay attention to the talents of officials, so he was "talent-only" in order to reverse this biased atmosphere.

"Virtue is not visible, but talent can be tried. If you are talented but not virtuous, you will be punished, and if you are not honest, you will be punished, why hurt? If you are virtuous and talentless, you can't ignore the people, and you will cause chaos. ”

These are all positive answers, but if this is all there is, then Zhou Budo is not Zhou Budo - and it is as straightforward as the old Confucian argument is, not the words of an impulsive young man. He then countered Wei sarcastically: "Zijing but remembers Emperor Xiaowu to promote filial piety and honesty, but not Emperor Xiaowen to promote virtuous and virtuous scholars, which is still before it." Passed on to future generations. That is, Maocai. Don't know which comes first? ”

Didn't you come up and ask my teacher what is the order of profit and righteousness? Then I'll ask too. What do you think is the priority of filial piety and Maocai?

Wei replied: "Giving it first, it may not be the first...... don't think that the predecessor of Maocaike, virtuous literature, was produced earlier than Xiaolianke, and it should be placed above Xiaolianke. Besides, virtuous and virtuous are also known as square, how can they only talk about talent and ignore virtue? "Virtuous literature. Didn't he change his name to Virtuous and Founder? There are also "virtuous" and "square", do you dare to say that it has nothing to do with morality?

Zhou Budo immediately replied: "Definitely." In the second year of Emperor Yuanguang of Xiaowu, he made a virtuous and virtuous person, and the cloud 'virtuous and virtuous was clear in the body of ancient and modern kings, and was questioned by the policy, and the book was right', which is important to its clear history, and can do it. Dong Zhongshu and Gongsun Hongyu are also entered. Dong Zi doesn't care, and Gongsun Hong is the prime minister. The cloth is covered with corn, and so is its cheapness. However, his temperament is jealous, wide on the outside and deep on the inside, to kill the master's father, and migrate to Dongzi Jiaoxi, how can he be called a virtuous person? ”

This evaluation of Gongsun Hong is not Zhou Budo's own understanding, but basically quotes Ban Gu's original words in the "Book of Han", so he said: "Zi Jingyun's 'honest officials are diligent in their bodies, and they can be diligent in things'. ”

There are more important examples - "Zijing Yiyun 'filial piety is filial to relatives, and Si Neng is loyal to the king'." In the past, Wang Feng was ill, Wang Mang tasted medicine, messed up, and did not undress for months, which can be described as filial piety, but his fruit is loyal to Jun Ye? Wang's competition is extravagant, and reckless and quiet, honest and honest, but its governance, the more diligent and chaotic the country is, is it not a precept? ”

It's really a slap in the face, this brought Wang Mang out to say something, where does Wei Wei dare to refute it - for the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wang Mang is an absolute benchmark, but a negative benchmark, and he will never be able to exonerate Wang Mang. The only way to deal with it is to say that Wang Mang's filial piety and honesty are fake...... But if the other party asks rhetorically, morality is invisible, how can you determine whether a person is true filial piety or false filial piety? So isn't it just empty words?

He was still frowning and thinking about it, but Zhou Budo took advantage of the victory to pursue, and added another paragraph: "Zhou Li. Magistrate. Shi's "Cloud: 'Teach three elements: one is filial piety, to parents; Second, it is said that friends are traveling to respect the virtuous; The third is to go along and take matters as a teacher. 'Knowing filial piety, friendliness, and obedience is also one, parents, virtuous, and teachers are also the same, then on filial piety, virtuous and virtuous like parents, such as teachers, which comes first, it can be seen at a glance. ”

Shi Xun was drinking with a wine glass, and he almost didn't squirt out directly when he heard this-you guys are completely crooked, but it's crooked, the more crooked it is, the more difficult it is for the other party to refute.

After Zhou Budo finished talking about his theory, he looked at Wei Wei with a smile, waiting to see what else the other party had to argue. It was Xun Xin who said that he was really a genius boy, this idea is agile, although Wei Wei is "confused by talents", it is really better than tongue, and he is indeed not Zhou Yuanzhi's opponent. However, during today's banquet, there was no need to make the atmosphere too stiff, he raised his glass slightly, and was about to make a round, when he suddenly heard Chen Yi next to him speak:

"Filial piety to relatives may not be able to be loyal to the king, but those who are not filial will be disloyal. Honest officials may not be diligent in their work, but those who are not honest will not be diligent and knowable...... "The two negative examples you gave of Gongsun Hong and Wang Mang are very correct, but this does not mean that filial piety and honesty are not important-" I think that if you govern the country with virtue and use officials with integrity, those who are talented will be promoted, and those who are not talented will be dethroned, and it will not harm the country. "As long as the morality is noble, even if there is no talent, it will not harm ......the people and mislead the country in the probationary stage, and if there is talent but no virtue, only the probationary stage may cause great disasters."

As he spoke, he turned to Shihoon: "Is it public?" It is the power of the public, and the world knows it, and the public is extravagant, and there is a lot of knowledge. Don't you want to enter the moral people to see its shortcomings, and the special envoy King Wei is 'meritocracy'? ”

Before Shi Xun could answer, Zheng Hunxian's face was surprised: "What did Yuande say?" Don't get drunk?! "Although you took the initiative to ask to come to the banquet, after all, today I am half a host, you are considered a guest, the guest is rude, and the host is also disgraced. Why are you talking and pointing the finger at Shixun? You've drunk too much, that's why you don't choose what to say, right?

Zheng Wengong had to quickly express his position, but Shi Xun smiled slightly, and looked at Chen Yi: "Si is straightforward, why bother to twist and turn?" "If you have anything to say, you can tell it clearly. Chen Yi did not avoid Shi Xun's gaze, and sneered: "When I came, I saw that there were hundreds of people and dozens of cars, and there was no wealth?" I don't know where I came from? ”

Shi Xun couldn't help laughing: "Si Zhi, do you want to be Li Yuanliye?" It's a pity that Xun is not a sheep yuan. (To be continued......)