Six hundred and thirty-three. The United States enters the war
At 8:55 a.m., the second wave of attacks began. Japanese fighters first attacked sporadic US planes in the air to ensure air supremacy.
When the Japanese plane saw that there was a US plane to meet the fight, they fled in a hurry, and the US plane pounced on it, and Sanders opened fire on the Japanese plane, the leader of the team, and the Japanese plane immediately smoked smoke and staggered into the sea.
Soon after the airstrike began, the Hawaii Medical Association General Association received an emergency call to help the wounded, and within 20 minutes, doctors and volunteers were loading stretchers and medical equipment into cars and heading straight to the scene. The women of the Automobile Brigade drove every available car to Pearl Harbor with the troops. The situation on the highway was already chaotic, with military vehicles, fire trucks, ambulances, and hundreds of taxis transporting officers and men to combat posts filling the 10-kilometer-long road, and the sound of horns resounded in the sky. The female drivers of the automobile brigade performed particularly well, and they were really women. The wounded officers and soldiers were rushed to the Tripler Army Hospital, where doctors from Honolulu were urgently summoned to attend the ambulance, and it happened that fifty doctors were listening to John in New York. Dr. Moorhead explained wartime surgery and rushed to the hospital to be ambulance. Dr. Moorhead has just demonstrated a new medical device that can quickly detect metals in the human body. That morning, the instrument showed great value, saving a lot of valuable time waiting for the X-ray negatives to be processed.
At the Naval Hospital, patients who had been recuperating in the hospital were sent to temporary wards outside to make room for the wounded who had been carried on stretchers. Many of the young sailors had broken arms and legs, and hundreds more had been burned by the flames. The courage of these young people is incredible – the wards are full of wounded and sick people, many of whom are seriously injured or even dying. But there was silence, no one groaned.
After the first attack wave, the US forces were ready for battle. As a result, the second wave came under heavier anti-aircraft fire. 20 Japanese aircraft were shot down, including 6 fighters and 14 bombers.
At 9:45 a.m., the second wave of planes began to return. Fuchida flew a plane around Pearl Harbor at low altitude for a week to photograph the scene after the bombing, and only then did he return home.
At 10 o'clock, the task force led by Vice Admiral Halsey, with the aircraft carrier "Enterprise" as the core, was on its way back to Pearl Harbor after completing the task of transporting fighter reinforcements to Wake Island. Received an order from the commander of the Pacific Fleet, Admiral Kimmel, to pursue the Japanese fleet south. The order was given on the basis of a series of erroneous reports and radiolocation, fortunately in the wrong direction. Otherwise, if Halsey's small fleet really fought the Japanese fleet, it would definitely be wiped out by the Japanese army, and then there would be no Halsey and the aircraft carrier "Enterprise" that would make great achievements in the Pacific Ocean in the future. In vain, Halsey led the fleet back to Pearl Harbor on the afternoon of 9 December.
Eleven o'clock. The stock of plasma in hospital blood banks has plummeted. Forrest. Dr. Pinkerton immediately broadcast a call for blood donations. Within half an hour, 500 people had gathered outside the hospital to donate blood, and medical staff had divided blood tests and blood draws at 12 locations.
On 12 December, the assault group on the way back received an order from Yamamoto to send a number of troops to support the landing operation on Wake Island. According to this order, Nagumo dispatched two aircraft carriers, two cruisers, and two destroyers to support the landing operation on Wake Island, and he led the main force to continue to return.
Admiral Nimitz, who later succeeded Kimmel as commander of the U.S. Pacific Fleet, believed that Nagumo had limited the assault to one day. The target of the assault was limited to a limited extent, and this hard-won and excellent opportunity was not maximized. Yamamoto fifty-six commented that Nagumo was a mediocre material. It is said that when he commanded, he was like a thief burglary, and at the beginning he was determined to win, and he was bold, and when he succeeded, he was weak and timid and anxious to slip away. Because the Japanese army did not carry out a third attack, and in the first two attacks, the Japanese only focused on striking military targets, and did not attack Pearl Harbor's shipyards, which were fully equipped for shipbuilding and oil storage, and which stored 40,000 gallons of fuel. In the future, the US military used the equipment of the shipyard to quickly salvage and repair the damaged warships, and it was precisely the use of fuel from the oil depot that caused the aircraft carriers to make frequent sorties, thus restoring the combat effectiveness of the Pacific Fleet in a short period of time. Imagine that even if the Japanese only blew up the oil depots, it would be enough for the intact Pacific Fleet to be unable to go out for six months. This was the biggest mistake of the Japanese army in this sneak attack!
When the Japanese planes began to bomb, the Japanese I-16 pocket submarine that had infiltrated Pearl Harbor, piloted by Lieutenant Yokoyama Masaharu and Sergeant Major Ueda Seiji, also took advantage of the fire to loot and fired two torpedoes that missed the target, and sent a telegram to the mother boat at about 22 p.m. that the attack had been successful, and was later sunk by the US troops. The IL-24 pocket submarine was discovered by a US ship at the entrance to the harbor, and escaped with wounds after being attacked. The other two pocket submarines were both sunk by U.S. forces at the entrance to Pearl Harbor. Of the 10 crew members of this special attack team, only the captain of the I-24 boat, Sakumaki and the male second lieutenant, survived, becoming the first Japanese to be captured by the American forces in the Pacific War.
The Japanese army deployed a total of 20 submarines around Pearl Harbor for reconnaissance and surveillance, and secondly to prepare for ambush and ambush US ships that tried to evade or pursue the Japanese fleet during the air raid. On the contrary, the "IL-70" submarine was discovered and sunk by US planes on the afternoon of 9 December while following the formation of the US aircraft carrier "Enterprise" returning home, and none of the 68 officers and men on board survived. The rest of the submarines were evacuated from Pearl Harbor after the attack.
The entire air raid lasted about two hours, and the actual attack lasted about one hour and thirty minutes. The Japanese army consumed a total of 40 torpedoes and 556 bombs of various types, totaling about 144 tons. In the battle, 29 planes were lost, and because the Japanese pilots were determined to die and did not carry parachutes, all 55 pilots on board were killed. In addition, 1 aircraft crashed due to a malfunction during take-off and 2 aircraft crashed due to a miscarriage on the return home, a total of 32 aircraft were lost. 1 large submarine and 5 pocket submarines were also lost, 77 crew members were killed and 1 person captured. A total of 133 people were killed.
Four US battleships "Arizona", "California", "West Virginia" and "Oklahoma", as well as a minelayer "Oglala" and a target ship "Utah" were sunk. One battleship, three cruisers, three destroyers were heavily damaged, three battleships, three cruisers, five auxiliary ships were lightly damaged. 260 aircraft were destroyed and 63 were wounded. There were 2,334 dead, 916 missing and 1,341 wounded.
The USS California and USS West Virginia were later salvaged and re-entered the war. The US military also probed the sunken "Arizona" to see if there was any possibility of salvage, but when it became hopeless, it dismantled the hull exposed to the water, and the underwater part of the hull remained in the sinking place.
Although the three aircraft carriers and 22 other warships of the US Pacific Fleet, the main targets of the sneak attack, were not at Pearl Harbor, and the oil depots and shipyards were not damaged, the Japanese army's sneak attack was well-organized, resolute, low-cost, and result-oriented
Roosevelt had finally waited for the news of Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor, and now it was time to declare war on Japan!
As the president went to Capitol Hill to demand a declaration of war on Japan, smoke was rising from the chimneys of warships sunk at Pearl Harbor. The crooked triangular mast of the battleship "Arizona" and the capsized hull of the "Oklahoma" were erected at anchorage. "Arizona" has become the grave of nearly 1,100 hundred officers and soldiers. The Oklahoma looks like a giant whale trying to wash up on the shore. Small boats slowly sailed around, salvaging the bodies of sailors and marines from the oily water. In total, 19 warships were sunk or damaged, including all of the ships used by the Pacific Fleet to fight. According to statistics, the United States lost 265 aircraft, the vast majority of which were blown up when they were neatly lined up on the ground. In total, 2,403 people died in the United States. 1,178 injured; The Japanese lost 29 aircraft, 55 pilots. The attack on Pearl Harbor was the worst tragedy in US military history.
As Roosevelt, supported by his son James, walked to the podium in the House of Representatives, there was thunderous applause, and Republicans applauded. For the first time in many years, political hostility has disappeared at a time of national emergency. Pearl Harbor united the American people in support of Franklin. Roosevelt. He held the podium in one hand and opened his notebook with the other. His eyes wandered the hall for a moment, at the front row of the Cabinet Ministers, the Supreme Court justices, and diplomatic envoys, and then looked up at the packed auditorium of the Great Hall, where his wife and Woodrow were sold. Wilson's wife sat together. Across the country, Americans gathered in front of the radio to listen to familiar voices, and Roosevelt said very deliberately: "Yesterday, December 12, 1942 - this is the day of infamy, the United States was attacked by a surprise attack by the Imperial Japanese Navy and Air Force. The United States and that country were at peace and, at the request of Japan, were still in dialogue with the Japanese government and the emperor in the hope of maintaining peace in the Pacific, and the attack took a heavy toll on the U.S. Navy and Army. Many Americans have lost their lives Since Japan launched its despicable attack on Sunday, December 12, I ask the United States Congress to declare that a state of war has been declared between the United States and the Empire of Japan. ”
The Senate unanimously approved the president's request within an hour without debate, and the House of Representatives listened to several people and then voted on it, with only one against.
Montana Rep. Janet Brown. Rankin cast a negative vote, and he had also voted against the United States of America in World War I.
The United States has officially entered the world war! (To be continued......)