A simple word "faith" makes John Tang like a treasure. Looking at the excitement of the foreign old man's eyebrows dancing and his eyes blazing, Hongyi was very satisfied with his clever hint just now.

"Hehe, old Marfa, 'faith' naturally has your understanding here, doesn't it? Besides, the probationary monks of the Roman Academy may not all be 'ordained' in the future, right? Are there still many people who have become mathematicians, astronomers, artists? Isn't your brother Deng Yuhan an outstanding mathematician? That being the case, it is not surprising that several military strategists came out of the students! Right? Hongyi explained with a smile.

"Ahh Thank you for your grace on behalf of the poor commoner children in my parish! To tell the truth, there are indeed many clever little ones among them, and apart from clothing and food, they are no worse than the children of the nobility, and even stronger in some respects! John Tong was overjoyed.

"Okay, you can take a lot of trouble and supervise this matter as soon as possible. For...... Strive to set up our firearms training institute in the spring of the next year, and recruit the first batch of 40 students! ”

"Hey, the old minister will never fail to live up to your hopes, and will definitely let the wishes of God and Our Lady be fulfilled in the Qing Dynasty! Haha, at that time, the tsar will be waiting to regret becoming a believer in some 'Orthodox'! Ha ha! Sooner or later, the tsar will still have to convert to Catholicism! It can be seen that John Tang is really happy!

This is because, in his understanding, the first choice in the pursuit of the so-called "faith" is Catholic doctrine! Moreover, there will be some children of Catholics who, with his help, will be able to enter the "Firearms Training Institute" of the Great Qing Firearms Camp and become protégés of the Son of Heaven. And then obtain an official position. In time, this group of believers will be able to accomplish a great deal......

But at this moment, he had to stop, because Xiao Xuanye interjected with some dissatisfaction:

"Tsar? What is a Tsar? This transliteration of the Latin word Caesar is inaccurate! As a person from the West, you must be precise! Alas, my old Marfa, you still haven't learned Chinese well enough! ”

"This ...... The old minister knows his mistake! ”

Hongyi was stunned but not angry, secretly thinking in his heart, ready to mention the old priest who was a little fluttering again, and then arrange the specific work that is also very important!

Speaking of this word "tsar". It's actually really complicated. A lot of people think. The word "sha" comes from the Latin translation of Caesar, which originally had some meaning of "emperor" in Chinese. Later, the Chinese translated this name as "Tsar".

The word tsar first appeared in Europe in Bulgaria in the 10th century. In 913, the Bulgarian Emperor Simeon I (Simon the Great) elevated the title of "Grand Duke" to "Tsar" for the first time, and the name of the country was changed to the Kingdom of Bulgaria. And in 925 forced the Eastern Roman Empire to give the title of "Emperor of the Bulgarians and Greeks". i.e. to become emperor. The country name was also once known as the Bulgarian Empire. Special note: "Emperor of the Greeks" is the title of Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire.

According to this, some later scholars believe that the Tsar is a Russian transliteration of Caesar. In fact, it is a kind of attachment. Simon the Great was at war with the Eastern Roman Empire all his life, and naturally did not worship Caesar, the de facto founder of the Roman Empire, and it was impossible to use the word Caesar as his title as a king. Simeon the Great was later enshrined as emperor by the Eastern Roman Empire, which also shows that the tsar was a king, not an emperor.

In medieval Russia, the title Tsar referred to the supreme ruler. The early Russians considered the Byzantine Empire to be the heir to the Roman Empire, the center of the universe. Russians honored the Byzantine monarchs as "Tsars", while the Grand Dukes of Russia were the ministers of the Byzantine Tsars, and on the other hand, they also called Old Testament figures Tsars. In the 13th century, the appalling rule of the Mongol-Tatar people, coupled with the powerful Mongol Khan marrying a Byzantine princess as empress, led the Russians to refer to the Mongol Khan as "Tsar", and the Russian Grand Duke was in turn the minister of the Mongol "Tsar" (i.e., Mongol Khan).

But with the decline of the Mongols, the Russians were no longer happy to call the Mongol Great Khan Tsar. In the 15th century, there was a rumor circulating in Russia that the Grand Duke of Moscow was the successor of the Byzantine emperor. After Constantinople fell to the Turks, the power of the Byzantine Empire and its emperor fell into the hands of the Grand Duke of Moscow, but they did not yet dare to officially "call themselves Tsar".

It was not until January 16, 1547 that Ivan IV, Grand Duke of Moscow, who was half Mongol, thought that the title of "Grand Duke" was not "noble" enough, so he made an important speech, the main purpose of which was to elevate the "Grand Duke" to "Tsar", and the country was called "Tsarist Russia". Ivan IV broke all restrictions on the power of the Tsar, and the lordship was changed to a Tsarist autocracy, so Ivan the Great became the first "Tsar".

Later, Peter I of Russia (Peter the Great) abandoned "Tsar" [Russian царь] as the main title of monarch in 1721 and replaced it with "Emperor" [Russian: Император, this word is actually the same meaning as the Chinese "emperor"), and Russia officially became an "empire", but generally used "Tsar" and "Tsarist Russia" as the title of its monarch and state, rather than "emperor" and "Russian Empire".

By 1906, the full title of the last Tsar Nicholas II was: "By God's grace, the Imperator and Autokrator of all Russia, Moscow, Kiev, Vladimir, Novgorod, Tsar Kazan, Tsar of Astrakhan, Tsar of Poland, Tsar of Siberia, Tsar of Tauriksenis, Tsar of Georgia, Lord of Pskov, Grand Duke of Smolensk, Lithuania, Volhynia, Podolia and Finland; Princes of Estonia, Livonia, Courland and Semigalia, Samogitia, Belostok, Karelia, Tver, Ugra, Perm, Vyatka, Bulgaria and other regions; lords and grand dukes of Nizhny Novgorod, monarchs of Chernihiv, Ryazan, Polotsk, Rostov, Yaroslavl, Belozhor, Udolia, Obdoria, Kondia, Vitebsk, Mszislav and all northern regions; Monarchs of the Ifriria, Catalinia, Kabardenia lands and Armenian regions; Chelkasya and hill princes and other hereditary lords and rulers; Monarch of Turkestan; The heir to the Norwegian throne, the Dukes of Schleswig-Holstein, Stolmann, Dietmarshin and Oldenburg, etc., etc., etc., etc. ”

It can be seen that the titles of the last tsar have changed from "emperor" to "tsar", to lord, grand duke, royal palace, monarch, heir, duke, and extremely "etc.", putting together the titles above the duke in our traditional sense, and using them all over again!

However, this is all "afterword", now that China in the seventeenth century has Xiao Xuanye + Zeng Hongyi, can Peter I become his own "emperor", but there are two to say!

*

*

"Old Marfa, the language barrier is a major obstacle to the communication between the Celestial Empire and the feudal states. I don't think I need to say this, you know it. When you were stranded in Macau, St. One of the important reasons for the three-year study of the Chinese language at the Paul College is that I have studied the Chinese language. Otherwise, how could you be so often appointed by our Emperor Ama to be the interpreter of the Western envoys? Isn't it because you are loyal to the Qing Dynasty and proficient in the European and Manchurian languages and the Chinese characters of Luoba? Do you think that's the truth? Hongyi said sincerely.

"Master, the old minister is ashamed......" Hearing this, he suddenly recalled Xiao Xuanye's angry rebuke of Stepanov under Tiananmen Square that day, and John Tang finally understood what he was wrong.

"The old minister should not simply combine the two by virtue of the Latin sound and the meaning of Russian, what is the 'Tsar', at best, this Rakshasa lord is just a 'Grand Duke'! Not only that, but Adam went against God's will, and he did not serve God properly at all, nor was he recognized by the Holy Roman Empire, so how could he share the same imperial title with the Qing Emperor? Please also ask Lord Baylor to punish him! ”

John Tang was really able to draw inferences from one another, and brought out the "God" in the sky, the "Holy Roman Empire" at sunset, and the Qing Emperor to criticize his own negligence.

But, that's not enough, it's not enough!

(Chapter to be continued)

(To be continued......) (To be continued......)