Chapter 189 - Ryukyu is rich with me
Although Hongyi heard that Hu Shi'an deliberately "selectively" forgot an important passage about Ryukyu in Ming Dynasty historical documents, he still decided to listen patiently to Hu's following words. After all, it is too impolite to rashly interrupt other people's "cultural displays" now, and it does not look like a prince's bearing!
"In the third year of Shunzhi in this dynasty, the soldiers of our dynasty pacified Fujian, and the three kingdoms of Ryukyu, Annam, and Luzon originally sent envoys to pay tribute in the Ming Dynasty, but Fujian was not returned. So the envoys of the Three Kingdoms were sent to Beijing. The emperor ordered Lee Kuan Yew, the tributary envoy of the three kingdoms, to be sent to his country in satin clothes, hats, and satin. The emperor also summoned the king of the Ryukyus, saying: 'I will pacify the Central Plains and regard the world as a family. Since ancient times, Nian Ryukyu has served China and sent tribute, and there is a precedent in the industry. If you can follow the reason, you can send the seal of the Ming Dynasty to Beijing, and I will also seal the tin as before." The same is true of the emperor's edict to Annam and Luzon. β
Hu Shi'an is such a civil servant, reciting the emperor's edict, it is as easy as playing.
Soon after, the Ryukyu king Sanghyun sent an envoy, Kim Yeong-won, to ask for canonization. Since the Ryukyu envoy did not carry the canonization letter of the Divine Will, the request for sealing was not completed. However, the emperor was still very pleased with his 'commitment to the mandate of heaven and his sincerity'. After that, it coincided with the death of King Shangxian of Zhongshan in the Ryukyu Kingdom, so his younger brother Shangzhen continued to ask for the seal. Last year, that is, in March of the 11th year of Shunzhi, the Ryukyu Kingdom finally sent an envoy to pay tribute, pay the old Ming imperial seal, and ask for a new imperial seal. In April, the emperor gave the prince of Zhongshan in the Ryukyu Kingdom the quality of his concubine python satin, colored satin, flash satin, brocade banknotes and other things. to make Ma Zongyi, Cai Zuolong, etc., give satin and silver and other things different. β
Fulin heard about it. Hurriedly raised his eyes and looked at Xiao Xuanye below! When he remembered this thing, it was through the moment of this kid's "full moon" that Wu Liangfu tricked his younger sister Dong Eshi into this seat of the palace......
"In the autumn and July, Zhang Xueli, deputy director of the Emperor's Military Division, and Wang Yuan, a pedestrian of the Pedestrian Division, sealed the prince of Zhongshan in the Ryukyu Kingdom as the king of Zhongshan. The edict said: 'The emperor only governs by virtue, cooperates with the upper and lower levels, and the spirit inherits from the sky, then the thin sea passage and the reckless recklessness of the vassal are vassals.' I have a lot of Hongxu, there is a middle summer in the summer, and the sound is sui. Forever. Although the flame is ridiculous. I can't bear to leave it behind. Therefore, he sent an envoy to recruit and want to be benevolent and in Haiyue. Ryukyu country, the more in the south. The son of the world is still quality, and he knows the situation at the time. Only Bong Minglun. That is, the king's uncle, Ma Zongyi, and others offered the right things. Sincerely. Surrender the old edict seal. I'm very happy! Therefore, Zhang Xueli, deputy director of the special envoy military department, and Wang Yuan, deputy envoy of the pedestrian department, held the edict. Xiang Fenger is the king of Zhongshan in the Ryukyu Kingdom, and he still uses coins and other things. The bureaucrats of the country and the people of the Erguo are still the kings, the marquis is the marquis, and the assistant is the guard. It is loyal and prudent, and it is a duty to condense and rest and survive in the world. Therefore, it is hereby decreed. Salty makes you know. ββ
"After the canonization of the envoys into Fujian, the starry night and the journey, although there are Haikou Weijing, but relying on the emperor's sage, the king of Haicheng returned to obedience, and finally had to enter the sea to make a trip [1]. So far, the king of the Ryukyus is loyal to the people and can be an example for the subject country! β
"Therefore, I am the Qing Dynasty to carry the heavenly carrier, inherit the great unification, and it is the heavenly kingdom, how can I send an envoy to govern the country, occupy its land, and deal with the small country of Yuer?"
Hu Shi'an finally used a summary "cross-examination" to express his views and end the lengthy recitation of historical materials.
"Xuan Ye has been taught! However, if I do not send my kingdom to the kingdom at this time, disturb its master, and hang its people, I am afraid that one day the Ryukyus will be bullied and stolen by the Japanese invaders! Hongyi's eyes lit up, staring directly at Hu Shi'an, forcing his original grace into embarrassment!
Fu Lin was also wise to find that Hu Shi'an's expression changed from "very complacent" to "quite embarrassed", and understood that the youngest son must have some conclusive evidence to prove the ambition of the Japanese state to "bully and steal" the Ryukyus.
"Xuan Ye, he is quietly working on state affairs, and this compilation of the "History of the Ming Dynasty" is indeed a lot of failures. If you know some conclusive historical information from other sources, you might as well say it and let it be filled in quietly. Fu Lin hurriedly played a round for the two of them.
Although he was dissatisfied with Hu Shi'an and others compiling a "History of the Ming Dynasty" so procrastinating and dragging mud and water, he also knew very well that the Ming history of the Han people in the previous dynasty of the Manchurian Qing Dynasty was unprecedented, and today's situation was unprecedented.
But Xuan Ye mentioned the Wa Kingdom, the small Wa Kingdom! This can't help but attract attention, and listen patiently to his son's words - after all, grandpa Nu ~ Erhachi can't make a "dream" again!
"Huh. Erchen does not know the inside story of Master Hu's official "History of the Ming Dynasty", and can only know a little from Master Fan Chengmo. But talking about Mr. Qian's "Guoyi", Xuan Ye is close to the water, so he naturally knows a little bit of the story of the previous dynasty. In accordance with the will of the Emperor, the retainers told a story about the Ryukyus. However, before telling this story, please tell Zhun Xuanye about the reason why Ryukyu is small, but its country is rich......"
"The country is rich?" Fulin was surprised! Now the Qing Dynasty is stormy, the house is leaking, and the biggest headache is the lack of money and silver! The Qing Dynasty is still like this, how rich can a small Ryukyus be?
"Huang Ama, it is true! Ryukyu is not only rich, but even staggering. Hiroki's answer was unquestionable, and then according to various studies by later historians, he talked about the "financial situation" of the Ryukyus in the past-
"The territory of the Ryukyus is too small to specialize in crop ......," Hiroki said.
Due to its special geographical location between China and Japan, the Ryukyus have long been a major route for maritime trade in East and Southeast Asia. Ryukyu ships traveled between Naha and Fuzhou, and also traveled north to Japan, Korea, and south to Annam, as well as Siam, Buddha Mud, Patrol, Sriwijaya, Java, Sumatra, Manraka, Champa, Luzon and other Nanyang countries, traveling throughout the Nanyang Islands, mainly trafficking in pepper, brown sugar, sulfur, and precious Chinese herbal medicines. As a result, Ryukyu profited enormously from such "entrepot trade" and quickly became wealthy. The Ariake period is also known as the "Age of Discovery" of the Ryukyus.
It is recorded in Tan Qian's "Guoyi" that on the ninth day of the fourth month of the fourth year of Ming orthodoxy (1459), the Ryukyu tribute mission led by Changshi Liang Qiubao had four tribute ships, carrying 50 horses and 70,000 catties of sulfur. and a number of sumu [2] to the court. According to the calculation of 100,000 catties of a ship, this tribute, the price of Sumu and sulfur per catty of goods at that time was consistent, and the price of horses was 1,400 yuan. From this calculation, the tributary trade of the Ryukyu Kingdom was worth 140,000 kan. Extra-trade items don't count. β
As soon as Hongyi's words came out, everyone who has always been "unprofitable" at the bottom is calculating in their hearts - according to the monetary system of the Ming Dynasty, 140,000 guan is 140,000 taels of silver, and they will go back to trade with Nanyang and Wa to make profits. In other words, if you come here, you will only receive something from the imperial court. Zuihou became more than 500,000 taels of silver. Add to that the things of trade. Not to mention the number of millions of taels! No wonder at that time, the Zhu Ming court ordered three times to "pay tribute every three years", and they had to die begging for "one year a year", or even "a few times a year", it turned out that the profits were considerable!
"Lord Dai. I wonder how much I paid to the Ryukyus last year? Hongyi saw the rosy on everyone's faces stimulated by huge benefits. Then asked the head of the household, Han Shangshu, and Dai Ming said.
"Lord Belle. The Ryukyus were originally trapped in the southeast of the sea, but they only came to the court last year, so last year's number is not as clear as before. But the number is not small. The emperor's grace was immense, and his tribute was about 50,000 taels of silver, and the purchase of goods returned to China was worth about 100,000 taels[3]. Deming said that he is worthy of being a capable minister, and he can still know the topics of the temporary question, and he can say it clearly.
"In this way, one in and one out, the Ryukyu Kingdom will go back and trade again, and the profit will be no less than 500,000 taels of silver." Based on the data commonly concluded by later scholars that the Ryukyu Kingdom's maritime trade profits were between 300% and 350%, Hiroki came to a conclusion.
"I see. But the loyalty of his country is very ......" Fu Lin thought that Xuan Ye had moved the idea of forcibly taking it, and hurriedly "persuaded" his son. In fact, he was also a little tempted by the wealth of the little Ryukyu, but he couldn't take the position of the Heavenly Empire to watch the "small profits" of the vassal country.
"Emperor Ama, Ryukyu is rich thanks to my gift of China's trade. Without the Celestial Empire, its kingdom could only be regarded as a barren land hanging lonely outside the sea at best. But today's Ryukyu is no longer the rich Ryukyu country of the day. Hongyi's topic changed sharply.
It turned out that with the gradual encroachment of the Western Shili on the Nanyang countries, the Portuguese had hoped to establish trade relations with the Ryukyus. However, when the Ryukyus learned of the fact that the Portuguese had invaded Manchuria, as loyal courtiers of the Ming Dynasty, they verbally refused to trade with the Portuguese colonial government. After that, the Portuguese colonial government switched to establishing direct trade relations with Japan, and the status of the Ryukyus as a transit port was greatly affected, especially due to the harassment of the Japanese pirates, which made the Ryukyus increasingly financially embarrassed.
During the reign of King Shoyong, the Ryukyus borrowed money from the Satsuma Domain of Japan. During the reign of King ShΕning, Ryukyu officials borrowed 2.5 million kan from the Satsuma clan five times through the intermediary of the "Shichido people", who were entrenched in the Tugara Islands. The Satsuma clan sent people to the Ryukyus to collect money on several occasions, but the Ryukyus were unable to repay them.
"Why did the Ryukyus fall to such a state when they were originally wealthy?" Fu Lin was very unimpressed by the debt of 2.5 million taels of silver, and asked curiously. But in Hongyi's eyes, the emperor was entangled in silver, but he failed to grasp the core essence of the problem - Little Japan!
"Huang Ama, Ryukyu has fallen into such a field, it is really because of the thief's heart of the Chinese and Chinese people!" Hongyi decisively deducted the original historical responsibility on the head of little Japan!
"It's the Wa Kingdom again? Xuan Ye said carefully! "Fulin is indeed on the way!
Hongyi heard the word "again" and knew that the emperor remembered all kinds of unpleasantness with Little Japan, so he hurriedly obeyed the order to "talk carefully".
It turns out that this is a history of the Ryukyus that is "well known" to the promising young people in China in the 21st century - the Jiyou Satsuma Rebellion!
[1] In real history, the Shunzhi Emperor's canonized Ryukyu envoys and his entourage arrived on the territory of Zheng Chenggong in Fujian, but they were hindered from patrolling and could not move forward. In the fifteenth year of Shunzhi, Fulin had to order Zhang Xueli, the deputy director of the military department of the Ryukyu canonization, and Wang Gao, the pedestrian of the pedestrian department, to return to Beijing - "I Haikou will be sent separately on weekdays". In the seventeenth year of Shunzhi, Ma Zongyi, the uncle of the king of the Ryukyus, who "came to pay tribute on the order of his king", died of illness in Fuzhou. Because "the sea atmosphere has not been calmed, and he has stayed in Fujian for seven years", this Ryukyu uncle also received a sacrifice and a generous burial from the Qing Dynasty government. Therefore, Ryukyu was really canonized by the Qing government and served the kingdom loyally, and it was about to reach the first year of the "Kang Yongqian" three dynasties - the first year of Kangxi, and the "King of Zhongshan" of Ryukyu was renamed "King of the Ryukyus". For more than 100 years after that, Ryukyu continued to send envoys to pay tribute, and the new kings of Ryukyu had to send envoys to ask for the title when they ascended the throne, and they never stopped.
[2] Sumu, a kind of medicinal material, see Ming Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica. Wood two. Su Fangmu. Today, it is no longer a precious medicinal material, and is widely distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, Taiwan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan and other places in China. However, during the Ming and Qing dynasties, it was a trade commodity abundant in Southeast Asia, which could reach 5~10 meters high, and was often used as a ballast for Chinese merchant ships going north, making a lot of profits.
[3] In the official history, the Ryukyu Kingdom of the Shunzhi Dynasty was trapped on the southeast coast of Zheng Chenggong and did not trade north smoothly until the early years of Kangxi. Therefore, the data here is based on the trade number of the Jiaqing Dynasty. At that time, during the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, the import trade volume of Ryukyu ships was 64,978 silver taels, and the export trade volume was 110,606.4 silver taels. (To be continued......)