On the 25th day of the first month, the annual leave ended, and the yamen went to work, and the heads of the Great Song Dynasty waited for the emperor's reception in the court room. But this Spring Festival, many of them were tossed by the emperor, and they were embarrassed and frightened. As the saying goes, 'good things don't go out, bad things go thousands of miles', I'm afraid that things have already spread all over the capital, so everyone can't help but be embarrassed when they meet, and things can't be explained, so it's just stuffy.

And those who have not been visited by the emperor are not at peace at the moment, it is not that they are cheap, and they feel uncomfortable not being tossed. They were worried that the emperor would not know when he would 'visit' him, and the experience of his colleagues also frightened them, but the emperor was delayed, which was like sitting in a bottomless boat and not knowing when the road would sink, but it was better to have a good time, whether it was dead or alive, it was easier than 'preventing thieves' every day. But when the emperor tossed other people's homes, but did not come to his own house, he couldn't say whether he was jealous or frightened, and he always felt that he was not very happy in his heart, and he was invisibly estranged from those 'disaster victims', and he didn't want to say more.

In silence, everyone finally waited for the sound of the whip, and the chamberlain loudly announced the ministers' deliberations. Everyone hurriedly arranged shifts to enter the vertical arch hall in turn, and the mood at the moment was very urgent, because everyone wanted to know the purpose of Emperor Lu Dao's doing, hoping to get the answer from the emperor's words at the court meeting......

Zhao Ta's advantage is that he is self-aware, he knows that his shortcomings are not good at handling political affairs and solving the affairs of those mothers-in-law, so he must rely on scholars to help govern the country, which is also the tradition of all dynasties, and it is better in the Song Dynasty. In this way, he can be regarded as inheriting the mantle of his ancestors and inheriting the ancestral system. But Zhao also understands that it is impossible to make himself completely copy. Especially when the nation is in peril.

Generally speaking, monarchies are divided into four modes of operation: the first model is called the mode of central control. It is the limited control of the monarch and the bureaucracy over the army and local governments; The second model is called the centralized mode of the court, that is, the emperor or his agents exercise central control independently, and the bureaucrats and doctors can only routinely approve of it; The third mode is the autocratic model, in which all decisions are made by the discretion or complicity of the emperor or his agents, and although the bureaucrats and doctors can share the executive power, they have no right to participate in the decision-making; The fourth model is the model of dictatorship, in which the monarch or his agent has a monopoly on power. Suppress and even suppress the ruling and opposition scholars who hold opposing views.

Perhaps the first model is the most ideal for a monarchy, but it is also the most difficult to achieve, it should be said to be an idealized thing, anyway, in Zhao Ta's view, the political environment when he ascended the throne did not allow him to do so. So he took the second model, but the bureaucrats and doctors did not routinely agree with it. Because the Great Song Dynasty already had a set of mature methods for managing state affairs, which made it difficult for him to implement dictatorship, this system was very advanced even in the eyes of Zhao Ta, a modern person, and it is not an exaggeration to call it a limited democracy under the feudal monarchy.

The biggest change in the political pattern during the Tang and Song dynasties was that the aristocratic politics before the Middle and Tang dynasties came to an end, and the status of the monarch also changed accordingly. After the Middle and Tang Dynasty, a non-identity Shu landlord class appeared. They eventually replaced the identity of the gate-lord landlord class that withdrew from the stage of history, and became the basis of the entire regime after the changes of the Tang and Song dynasties. The imperial examination system, which began to be implemented after the Sui and Tang dynasties, was further expanded and improved after entering the Song Dynasty. This kind of imperial examination system, in which scholars are selected regardless of their family background, actually opens up the possibility of entering the ruling circle through the imperial examination to all strata of society.

The direct consequences of social changes in social class relations during the Tang and Song dynasties. It is to breed a relatively independent class of scholars and doctors by virtue of the imperial examination system. After the formation of this stratum, it is inevitable to enter the circle of bureaucratic rule and express its political demands. Song Taizu's oath tablet said "not to kill scholars and doctors, and to write and talk about people". It is not only a reflection of this social change, but also a further policy impetus for this change. And the change in policy. The elevation of status strengthened the concept of the scholarly class. They all have a subjective understanding of the safety of the society and the welfare of the people, and they have integrated this subjective understanding into their own achievements in the economic development of the world......

In the politics of the Song Dynasty, there was also a common term called "Guoshi", which is roughly equivalent to what is now referred to as the general policy of a certain period. And once the country is established, it will generally not be easily changed in the short term until the next round of 'country is' is determined.

Since it is necessary to solicit opinions from a wide range of people, but due to historical limitations, this scope is often the opinion of scholars, who participated in the formulation of major national policies through writing and saying, supervised the emperor's scrupulous observance of family laws, advised the monarch to change the edict, prevented the monarch from lowering the edict, and restrained the empress from interfering in politics and power, etc., and indeed played a positive role in participating in and discussing politics. The supreme decision-making power, that is, the imperial power, was therefore also strongly constrained by the right of the scholars to speak and do things, which had been integrated into the ruling class of the state.

After a hundred years of development, the construction of the Song Dynasty system has gradually matured, and a consensus has been reached on the ruling ideology: "The law of the world should be shared with the world, and there is a division to guard it to death, although the Son of Heaven is not allowed to be private." In the Song Dynasty, the "law of Taiwan admonition was far from that of the previous generations", and there was a set of strict systems and procedures. If the speaker is competent in his words and deeds, there are corresponding rules for transfer, and the degree of promotion and preferential treatment is very high. On the contrary, if "words and deeds do not agree", and there is some disobedience to the emperor's will, it is generally not derogatory, and it is just a resignation. The most serious thing is to fall into the first rank of officials, that is, to get one less level of money.

Civil politics, a broad and sound political system, promoted the formation and rise of the independent consciousness of the Song Dynasty scholars, as the mainstay of the bureaucracy, the scholars consciously and strongly projected their political demands and social ideals into the monarchical bureaucracy. Although the premise of the monarchy was still at that time, the scholars and bureaucrats all regarded themselves as the bearers of the safety of the world. Fan Zhongyan said: "Whoever is an official must not have private crimes and public crimes. Therefore, "one thing is excessive, the discussion is swarming, the chapter is handed over, and the chapter is often fought to the death"......

Zhao Ta is still a martial artist from the root, he can become the emperor and successfully reverse the basic situation of scholar politics, so that the imperial power can take the initiative, it is good to say that he can judge the situation and seize the opportunity, and the bad thing is to take advantage of the fire to rob!

Zhao Ta understood that if he wanted to revive the Great Song Dynasty, he must end the party struggle that lasted for three dynasties, and there could only be one voice in the court, and in order to do this, he had to have the final say, that is, to implement autocracy and make the imperial power unique. At that time, under the pressure of the Jurchens, the scholars did not take on the heavy responsibility of saving the country and the people, but did the ugly thing of betraying the country and the royal family. This gave Zhao Ta, who came to power at the moment, a sufficient reason to suppress the opposition in ideology and speech and purge some opponents from the court under the slogan of resisting foreign humiliation. He also took the opportunity to raise the status of the warriors, who were the backbone of the resistance to foreign invasions, and also consolidated their power.

With the development of the war in favor of the Great Song Dynasty and the deliberate propaganda and encouragement of Zhao Ta, the national consciousness of the Great Song Dynasty and the opposition immediately rose, and the slogan of 'respecting the king and conquering the emperor' was re-proposed. Driven by the rise of this national consciousness, the scholars were transformed into a general recovery complex and patriotic feelings, and national righteousness became the mainstream ideology of the Song Dynasty and the opposition. The ideology of emphasizing national integrity among the scholar class was universally established and consciously practiced, and 'Death for the Country' became the highest honor of scholars. But more importantly, autocratic power expanded rapidly, and imperial power gained the upper hand in the court.

Zhao has always believed that the civil society, the economic tide and the independence of scholars are not diametrically opposed and mutually exclusive, nor will they hinder the established outlook on life and values of scholars. When he was in the northwest, he used Zhou Xingji, Chen Guoting, Yang Shi and other great Confucians who did not reject 'utilitarianism' as his staff, and let them teach in Luxue, cultivating a group of grassroots officials for himself. After ascending the throne, they held high positions in the court, and their doctrines became the mainstream and became the content of teaching at all levels of learning.

Since there can be different states in different emperors and different periods, that is, there are different central tasks and political ecology, and the implementation of basic national policies in the Song Dynasty also varies from time to time and from person to person, that is, from emperor to emperor. Zhao Ta timely put forward the policy of 'developing industry and commerce and encouraging farming', and vigorously promoted foreign trade, which was smoothly implemented with the support of 'his own people', and at the same time created a number of new big businessmen.

In any era, the status of officials was higher than that of merchants, and merchants wanted to train their children to become officials, and they were backed by great wealth, so they could ask the best teachers to educate their children, let them enter the best schools, and make them leave the ranks of merchants and join the scholar group, and they would certainly speak for their own interest groups. And the draught did not forget to dig wells, and Zhao Ta also received the full support of this emerging class.

While business is growing, ordinary people are also beneficiaries. The increase in commercial taxes has made it possible to reduce the two taxes and reduce all kinds of miscellaneous taxes, so that their living standards can be improved, and living and working in peace and contentment is the greatest wish of the small people in Shengdou.

Zhao Ta, who won the support of all walks of life, enabled him to call for wind and rain in the court, and was able to realize his ideals and ambitions, but the occurrence of this unexpected incident made him have to be vigilant...... (To be continued......)