Half an hour later, Yuri. Preskun. Mogila finally finished his understanding of the different emphases of "learning" between ancient Greece and China. This is actually a "proposition test" by Hongyi in the name of power, and the dialect is now in the Qing Dynasty, and ordinary Chinese people can't even understand the topic, let alone elaborate on it.

If John Tong had done this question, it would have been a mixed bag. The advantage lies in the fact that Lao Tangtou is also a seminary student, and he is a scholar in mathematics, astronomy, philosophy, and classical literature. The disadvantage is that John Tang knows China and Chinese culture too well, and if he wants to say this topic from his mouth, the foothold must be the so-called "Western learning for use, middle school for the body" and other arguments in later generations, which have very little academic meaning.

And Yuri is different. He is also from a professional class, and his knowledge must not be as profound as that of Tang Ruowang, but the advantage is that he has been in China for a relatively short time, and he has only learned some of the fur of the Zhongxia civilization through observation and contact, and has not yet been completely "ritualized", or "I don't know the depth" and "I don't know whether to live or die". After a long time, at most he will become another John Tong, and he can't tell the truth and say everything. Therefore, this "mistaken" time point is very important to Hongyi.

But even so, after listening to Yuri's "defense" patiently, Hongyi was like a spring breeze and was overjoyed. Even Du Duhu and Zhu Changzuo, who "accompanied the exam", no longer argued, but just pondered carefully......

Hongyi was pleasantly surprised to find that the clever Yuri cut into the analysis of the similarities and differences between ancient Greek science and ancient Chinese science from the perspective of the so-called "culture" that Chinese are most interested in and proud of. He began by saying that the "learning" of Westerners at present, or the word "science" in later generations, can be expressed. It was developed under the nourishment of ancient Greek traditional culture, and he also tried to talk about the influence of traditional Chinese culture on "learning", especially "innovation" in his eyes.

To sum up, Hongyi summed up Yuri's "speech" in this way, of course, Hongyi automatically replaced the "learning" of Yuri's Chinese vocabulary with "science"-

First of all, people in the West are generally keen to explore the mysteries of nature, which is the original intention and source of scientific innovation.

Both Western science and Western culture have their origins in the natural philosophy of ancient Greece, which was also a science at the time. Ancient Greek natural philosophy was the germ of Western science, and the philosophers of ancient Greece were almost exclusively natural philosophers. Ancient Greek philosophers were keen to explore the mysteries of the natural world. Their exploration of the natural world focuses on three main areas. First. Explore what the natural world is. Second. Explore common natural phenomena. Third, he is keen on the study of "geometry".

Speaking of which, Yuri once again took Aristotle, who was already affirmed by the young master Xuanye, as an example. Aristotle studied chick development that year and prepared 21 eggs. Break one egg a day. Record the development process of the chick billet in detail. Another example is Aristarch's in-depth study of the three planets of the sun, moon and earth. The Size and Distance of the Sun and Moon are derived. Another example is Euclid's derivation of 467 propositions from 5 axioms, 5 axioms, and 23 definitions, and derives the Euclidean geometry theorem. Wait a minute.

Ancient Greek philosophers pondered the problems of nature to the point of obsession. The legend of Thales falling into a pit is telling. Thales thinks about celestial bodies all day long, even when he walks. One day he fell into a pit and was seen by a Thracian woman. The woman laughed and said, "You can't see the way before you, and you go to study the things of heaven?"

Perhaps it was this Thracian woman who expressed the general understanding of the Chinese at the moment, so it suddenly caused Du and Zhu to laugh heartily. Hongyi also laughed, but found that the laughter of the three people, including him, at this moment, there was no discrimination and contempt, but only good-natured ridicule with appreciation and admiration.

Yuri also said that the ancient Greeks' enthusiasm for exploring the mysteries of the natural world led to the birth of Western science as the original intention and source of scientific innovation. On the contrary, ancient Chinese philosophy belongs to moral philosophy, Confucian culture is dominant, and ancient philosophers are less interested in studying the natural world, but more concerned with and studying the relationship between people, so there is no original intention and source of scientific innovation. Regarding the reason, Yuri even quoted an ancient text that may have been given to him by the unfathomable words that he may have learned from the old eunuch of Jingshan - "Heaven is far away, humanity is far away, and it is beyond reach, how can you know it", but it suddenly aroused the praise of Du and Zhu, and praised Yuri for his dedication to learning and great promise!

Where does Yuri know the Tao of Lu, this sentence comes from Zichan and Gongsun Qiao, and he is willing to say that the way of heaven is high and far away from people, and the way of people is closer than people, so the way of heaven is not accessible to people, so what can be used to understand and explain him? This is just one of the views of the hundred schools of thought on the "way of heaven", but it just proves the motivation of the Chinese people to "not seek to understand", no wonder Du Duhu and Zhu Changzuo praised it.

In a hurry, Hongyi hurriedly used Xunzi's words to explain another meaning of the so-called "Heavenly Dao" - Xunzi advocated "knowing the distinction between heaven and man", "Heaven is constant, not for Yao's survival, not for ruin", and should be "used to control the mandate of heaven". In this way, the mouths of the two were finally blocked again.

Yuri saw Hongyi make a move, and the wise choice stopped, and began his second sub-thesis -

The efforts made by the ancient Greek philosophers in order to seek knowledge and get rid of ignorance are precisely the original intention and purpose of scientific innovation!

Since Lidu admits that the Westerners are "ignorant" and seeks to get rid of it, it can be regarded as inadvertently giving enough face to the Chinese people, so the elaboration of this sub-thesis is progressing very smoothly.

What Yuri said, translated into modern Chinese, is that the ancient Greeks thought about and studied nature, and they regarded it as the most meaningful and valuable academic activity of human beings, which was determined by their value orientation. As Aristotle said, "They search for philosophy only to get rid of stupidity, and it is clear that they are engaged in scholarship for the sake of knowledge, and have no practical purpose". In his view, "it is human nature to seek knowledge". The value orientation of the ancient Greeks to engage in free academic research only for the sake of "seeking knowledge" and "getting rid of stupidity" did not give it any practical purpose, which was inherited by the entire Western culture.

In Yuri's view, there is a significant difference between the Eastern peoples and the ancient Greeks in terms of the purpose of exploring nature. For example, ancient Egypt had a relatively developed geometry, but the reason why the Egyptians attached importance to this discipline was because of the need to measure the land. Another example is that astronomy in ancient China has been very developed, but Chinese astronomy is mainly in the service of dynastic politics and is inseparable from astrology. In fact, almost all the major results of Western science have been obtained for a practical purpose. Of course, many of these achievements later turned into technical techniques and had practical value, but that was only a "by-product" of science. [1]

This time, the Chinese example used by Li Li sounded to Hongyi's ears tantamount to being slapped in the face, but Du and Zhu thought that astronomical astrology had been for divination and good fortune and service to the royal family since ancient times, which was understandable, so they still nodded and agreed, typical "not ashamed, but proud"!

(Chapter to be continued)

"A limerick poem. Hidden Head

Reading literature and reading history is only a long breath

I was saying that there was an opportunity back then

The layout is a long-cherished wish

It's hard to come and go

Get up and spend a hundred years

Point out the suffering and diseases of the world

The edge of the town was razed to the sea

Wen'an Wuding tears of joy -

[1] In the history of Western science, Faraday spent 11 years studying the method of magnetic generation of electricity, and finally came up with the principle of magnetic induction. He never imagined that this principle of his would become the basis of the electrical technology that would change the face of the entire world in the future; Maxwell did not abstract and mathematize Faraday's theory of electromagnetism and predict the existence of electromagnetic waves for the sake of today's radio communication technology; Planck also did not propose the quantum hypothesis for the sake of today's quantum computers, lasers, and superconductivity; Mendel, Weissman, and Morgan did not study the genetic phenomena of living organisms for the sake of today's genetically modified technology. In this regard, the historian of science Dampier once had a thought-provoking remark: "Unfortunately, the idea that science is primarily for economic development has spread to many other countries, and the freedom of scientific research is in danger." Science is primarily a free research activity that pursues pure knowledge. If real benefits follow, they are by-products, even if they are discoveries made as a result of government funding. If free, pure science is neglected, sooner or later applied science will wither and die. (To be continued......)