As a descendant, Jingwen certainly knows that culture must communicate with each other in order to progress. ※If you can't communicate with each other and learn from each other's strengths, then in the end you can only work behind closed doors, and then gradually fall behind the rest of your place. In the Han and Tang dynasties, Chinese culture was able to communicate with foreign countries, and then gradually became stronger. And all the powerful dynasties in Chinese history were able to communicate with various foreign civilizations, especially in the middle of the Tang Dynasty.

The reason why the Tang Dynasty was remembered by foreigners in later generations is that the Chinese are called "Tang people", in fact, the Tang Dynasty left the deepest impression on foreigners. After all, why don't they call them "Han people" or "Song people", it's because they don't know much about the Han Dynasty and the Song Dynasty, and neither the Han Dynasty nor the Song Dynasty helped them much. It is precisely because the Tang Dynasty was able to spread its reputation all over the world and influence and conquer the world with his tolerant and tolerant demeanor, so until later generations called Chinese Tang.

The most important thing in communication is not commercial exchange, but cultural exchange. Foreign countries absorb the culture of the Tang Dynasty to improve themselves, and the Tang Dynasty can also absorb foreign cultures to supplement their own shortcomings, so that they can promote each other. Later, at the end of the Ming Dynasty, and even during the Qing Dynasty, those so-called Confucian scholars were no longer able to accept the merits of foreign countries, and even if a single piece of evidence proved that foreign countries were better and stronger than China, they still stubbornly thought that they were barbarians, or that they were inferior to themselves. They are like an ostrich, unwilling to accept the fact that they are already lagging behind.

And those so-called Confucian scholars in the last years of the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty have always been self-hypnotic, self-hypnotizing that their country is the most powerful in the world, and no other country is stronger than themselves. And it wasn't until the invaders defeated them again and again that they really gradually woke up and realized that they were no longer the most powerful country. However, they still stubbornly do not want to learn advanced culture to supplement themselves, and in the end, they can only cause their own complete collapse.

Jingwen once compared the so-called mainstream Confucian ideas of the Tang Dynasty. In fact, it has long been completely different from Confucius's Confucianism. Confucianism in the time of Confucius and Confucianism in Dong Zhongshu in the Han Dynasty are not the same thing. But the Confucianism of the Tang Dynasty and the Confucianism of Dong Zhongshu are not the same thing. Jingwen was even sure that the Confucianism of the later Song Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty was definitely not the same thing as the Confucianism of the Tang Dynasty. It can be seen from this that in fact, Confucianism has always been changing, absorbing the characteristics of other doctrines to change and improve itself, and finally it is completely out of shape. He is just wearing a layer of Confucianism, and then claiming to be Confucianism.

As for why Confucianism became more and more rigid later, in fact, it can be seen from the national policy at that time. After the Song Dynasty. During the Ming Dynasty, the state began a policy of banning the sea, and from then on it did not continue to communicate with foreign countries. If you don't communicate with foreign countries, you don't have a channel to absorb foreign culture. The reason why the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty were able to reach the culture was actually seen from the fact that they could not help the sea, and the Song Dynasty regarded maritime trade as one of the pillar industries of the country, so their Confucianism could continue to absorb foreign culture to improve themselves and gradually progress. However, the Ming and Qing dynasties clearly could not do this, and they forbade maritime trade. Without communicating with foreign countries, in the end, the Confucian exhibition became more and more closed, and finally gradually became extreme. It can be seen from this that closing the country to the outside world can kill people. And the end result is blind arrogance.

"Lin'er, if we can't accept foreign culture and stubbornly think that we are the best in the world, then what is the difference between us and Yelang back then? When Chinese New Year's Eve Lang does not know the outside world. So I always thought of myself as the largest country in the world. Now although our Datang dominates in the East, there are also many countries in the West. Although, as far as we know at the moment, they are not stronger than us. But many of their civilizations rose before we did. Do you think we must be ahead of them? Whether the culture is advanced or not, whether the doctrine is a matter also depends on the locality. They naturally have doctrines that suit them, and we have doctrines that suit us here. What we can do is learn from each other's strengths, not exclude them. If we reject them, then where can we get exhibitions? Didn't Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism also communicate with each other back then, so that they could preserve the Central Plains together? Jingwen said.

And Cheng Lin asked again: "What does that Fujun mean is that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty deposed the hundred schools and respected Confucianism alone?" ”

"It must be wrong, because Confucianism is only to meet the needs of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. However, it has caused the entire Central Plains to fall into a slowdown in cultural exhibition, because Confucianism has no competitors, so it is naturally carefree and slow. Born in sorrow and dying in peace, have you forgotten the old sayings of the ancients? Therefore, only a hundred schools of thought can make various theories exhibit. And it will eliminate many doctrines that are not suitable for the times, so that the whole civilization can be better and better. Jingwen said.

Of course, Jingwen looked down on Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty very much, and the so-called prosperous era of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was completely touted. If you look at the number jù in it, the number of households in the world has been halved, it is enough to explain the situation. Whether this half of the population went to be slaves or died completely, it is enough to show that the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was not only definitely not a prosperous era, but an almost chaotic era caused by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It's just that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was lucky, his father and his grandfather left him enough capital, and the land was not so strict, and the proportion of yeoman farmers was very large, so he was able to barely survive the crisis. The population was halved, and if other dynasties were changed, they would have fallen, and the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was just barely surviving. Moreover, it is also recorded in the history books that at the end of the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, there were many peasant uprisings, can't you explain the problem?

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty exalted Confucianism as a mere means to satisfy his central monarchy's goal of centralizing power. In order to cater to the ruler, Dong Zhongshu did not hesitate to change Confucianism and conform to the ruler's ideas, just so that Confucianism could dominate the academic market in the Central Plains. Therefore, these two guys are definitely sinners in cultural inheritance, if it weren't for them, Chinese culture would gradually unfold in the contention of a hundred schools, and they would not rest on their laurels at all. And since the beginning of Confucianism, the cultural complacency has made a bad start. Because he cut off the channels for obtaining supplements from domestic culture, he could not improve himself internally, and could only pass through guò foreign countries. After the ban on the sea, there was no way for foreign countries to improve themselves, so this caused China's overall backwardness. (To be continued!)

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